• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.2325-2334
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• 2023

To study the lubrication performance of tilting-pad thrust bearing (TPTBs) during start-up in nuclear pump, a hydrodynamic lubrication model of TPTBs was established based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method and the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) technique. Further, a mesh motion algorithm for the transient calculation of thrust bearings was developed based on the user defined function (UDF). The result demonstrated that minimum film thickness increases first and then decreases with the rotational speed under start-up condition. The influence of pad tilt on minimum film thickness is greater than that of collar movement at low speed, and the establishment of dynamic pressure mainly depends on pad tilt and minimum film thickness increases. As the increase of rotational speed, the influence of pad tilt was abated, where the influence of the moving of the collar dominated gradually, and minimum film thickness decreases. For TPTBs, the circumferential angle of the pad is always greater than the radial angle. When the rotational speed is constant, the change rate of radial angle is greater than that of circumferential angle with the increase of loading forces. This study can provide reference for improving bearing wear resistance.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.42-46
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• 1992

The submersible motor pump could have much more merits than the general pump such as higher exhaustion head, narrower installahon place, lower noise due to operating in the water and so on. But, so far, hydraulic mechanism of the axial thrust at impeller was not analysed quantitatively and so it is very difficult to solve the occuring problems. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to minimize the axial thrust acting on thrust bearing of submersible motor pump through the analysis of hydraulic mechanism of thrust and design rivision of impeller. Test carried out on the pump with an impeller 92mm in diameter, 6 balacing holes 10mm in diameter, showed the thrust is reduced by about 86％ at the normal operating point.

• 오토저널
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 1981

Clutch disc 의 facing은 사용할 때마다 마찰로 인하여 마멸된다. 마멸함에 따라 clutch cover의 구조상 clutch cover의 release lever가 올라와 clutch release bearing (thrust bearing)과의 간 극이 작아져서 드디어 이 간극이 없어지게 되면 release lever가 clutch release bearing을 누르게 되어 평상에도 clutch가 절반 정도로 떨어지는 상태로까지 됨으로써 clutch의 완전한 연결을 할 수 없어 slip이 일어나게 된다. 이상과 같은 문제점들을 해소하기 위하여 clutch의 control system을 수시로 조정하지 않으면 안되며 이러한 번거로움을 피하기 위하여 release lever가 올라옴으로써 release bearing과의 간극이 작아져서 자동적으로 일정한 간극을 유지하여 clutch의 slip을 방지하고 clutch기구의 내구성을 향상시키기 위한 것이 무조정식 release cylinder, 혹은 clutch adjuster이다. 이에 대한 신형식 두 종류의 구조, 작동 및 특징에 대하여 해설하여 본다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.897-898
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• 2013

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2022

Surface texturing is the latest technology for processing grooves or dimples on the friction surface of a machine. When appropriately applied, it can reduce friction and significantly increase durability. Despite many studies over the past 20 years, most are isothermal (ISO) analyses in which the viscosity of the lubricant is constant. In practice, the viscosity changes significantly owing to the heat generated by the viscous shear of the lubricant and film-temperature boundary condition (FTBC). Although many thermohydrodynamic (THD) analyses have been performed on various sliding bearings, only few results for surface-textured bearings have been reported. This study investigates the effects of the FTBC and groove number on the THD lubrication characteristics of a surface-textured parallel thrust bearing with multiple rectangular grooves. The continuity, Navier-Stokes, and energy equations with temperature-viscosity-density relations are numerically analyzed using a commercial computational fluid dynamics code, FLUENT. The results show the pressure and temperature distributions, variations of load-carrying capacity (LCC), and friction force with four FTBCs. The FTBCs greatly influence the lubrication characteristics of surface-textured parallel thrust bearings. A groove number that maximizes the LCC exists, which depends on the FTBC. ISO analysis overestimates the LCC but underestimates friction reduction. Additional analysis of various temperature boundary conditions is required for practical applications.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2023

Surface texturing is widely applied to friction surfaces of various machine elements. Most of the theoretical studies have focused on isothermal (ISO) analyses which consider constant lubricant viscosity. However, there have been limited studies on the effect of oil temperature increase owing to viscous shear. Following the first part of the present study that investigated the effects of film-temperature boundary condition (FTBC) and groove number on the thermohydrodynamic (THD) lubrication characteristics of a surface-textured parallel thrust bearing with multiple rectangular grooves, this study focuses on the effect of groove depths. Current study numerically analyzes the continuity, Navier-Stokes, and energy equations with temperature-viscosity-density relations using a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, FLUENT. The results of variation in temperature, velocity, and pressure distributions as well as load-carrying capacity (LCC) and friction force indicate that groove depth and FTBC significantly influence the temperature distribution and pressure generation. The LCC is maximum near the groove depth at which the vortex starts, smaller than the ISO result. For intense grooves, the LCC of THD may be larger than that from ISO. The frictional force decreases as the groove becomes deeper, and decreases more significantly in the case of THD. The study shows that groove depth significantly influences the THD lubrication characteristics of surface-textured parallel thrust bearings.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.92-99
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• 2021

An automatic transmission, which consists of several decks of planetary gear sets, provides multiple speed and torque ratios by actuating brakes and clutches (mechanical friction components) for connecting central members of the planetary gear sets. The gear set consists of the sun gear, the ring gear, and the carrier supporting multiple planet gears with pin shafts. In designing a new automatic transmission, there are many steps to design and analyze: gears, brakes and clutches, shafts, and other mechanical components. Among them, selecting thrust bearings that not only allow the relative rotation of the central members and other mechanical components but also support axial forces coming from them is important; doing so yields superior driving performance and better fuel efficiency. In selecting thrust bearings, the magnitude of axial forces on them is a critical factor that affects their bearing size and performance; its results are systematically related to the direction of the helical angle of each planetary gear set (a geometric design profile). This research presents the effects of the helical angle direction on the axial forces acting on thrust bearings in an automatic transmission consisting of planetary gear sets. A model transmission was built by analyzing kinematics and power flows and by designing planetary gear sets. The results of the axial forces on thrust bearings were analyzed for all combinations of helix angle directions of the planetary gear sets.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.303-310
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• 2014

In order to reduce friction and improve reliability, researchers have applied various surface texturing methods to highly sliding machine elements such as mechanical seals and piston rings. Despite extensive theoretical research on surface texturing, previous numerical results are only applicable to isothermal and iso-viscous conditions. Because the lubricant flow pattern of textured bearing surfaces is much more complicated than that for non-textured bearings, the Navier?Stokes equation is more suitable than the Reynolds equation for the former. This study carries out a thermohydrodynamic (THD) lubrication analysis to investigate the lubrication characteristics of a single micro-dimpled parallel thrust bearing cell. The analysis involves using the continuity, Navier?Stokes, energy, temperature?viscosity relation, and heat conduction equations with the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code FLUENT. This study discretizes these equations using the finite volume method and solves them using the SIMPLE algorithm. The results include finding the streamlines, pressure and temperature distributions, and variations in the friction force and leakage for various dimple radii and depths. Increasing the dimple radius and decreasing the depth causes a recirculation flow to form because of a strong vortex, and the oil temperature greatly increases compared with the non-textured case. The present numerical scheme and results are applicable to THD analysis of various surface-textured sliding bearings and can lead to further study.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 1997년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.278-283
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• 1997

This paper proposes a systematic design method for axial(or thrust) magnetic bearings using optimal design methodology. The objective of the optimal design is to minimize bearing volume. The constraints include the bearing load capacity, linearized bearing stiffness and damping, the magnetic flux density, and geometric relations. In order to obtain design values which can be applied to fabrication of bearings, branch and bound method was introduced in the postprocessing procedure of optimal design results. Verification of the proposed design methodology was perfomed by an example.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1993년도 제18회 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.51-56
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• 1993

The conical bearing can be used to support the radial and thrust load simultaneously. Two circumferential grooves with discrete hole restrictions are made on the bearing surface in order to increase stiffness. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of this type of bearings are calculated such as stiffness and champing coefficients. As a results of theoretical analysis, it is verified that there exist the groove depth and distance between two grooves which produce the maximum stiffness at the given bearing dimensions.