• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.102-118
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• 1999

In this study, the author developed a new animal model to examine morphological changes and functional recoveries after vertical hemilaryngeal transplantation in the canine. Seven vertical hemilaryngeal transplantations were carried out in the canine. After preparing the host dog removing right sided hemilarynx, hemilarynx of the donor dog was transplanted by hooking up the arteries, veins, nerves and hypopharyngeal mucosa. Especially, recurrent laryngeal nerve was anastomosed at the branch level(anterior and posterior) respectively. After 7 days, for the first evaluation of the transplantation, four out of seven dogs were considered successful. Three dogs survived more than one month, which is the critical period to evaluate the functional recovery after transplantations. After EMG examination, two dogs(#3, #5 dog) showed some functional recoveries. The five-transplanted hemilarynges were sectioned at the arytenoid cartilage region to examine the morphological changes. The results showed that the transplanted hemilarynx appeared normal as control in #5 dog. In addition, #2 dog showed fairly good condition even though died from asphyxia after 9 days out of transplantation. The other. three dogs(#3, #6, #7) showed various levels of atrophy and disappearance of the muscles and cartilages in their larynges. It can be suggested that this model could contribute an advance to preparing human laryngeal transplantation in the future.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.264-268
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• 2007

Three German Shepherd dogs (5 years old, 30 kg, male; 4 years old, 23 kg, female; 4 years old, 24 kg, female) with history of acute vomiting, hemorrhagic diarrhea, anorexia and dullness were admitted to veterinary clinic in the military working dogs training corp (MWDTC). All of them showed same symptoms after ingestion the $'PREVNTIC^{(R)}'$ collar to control ecto-parasites infection in field. One dog was operated by gastrotomy and the $5{\sim}6$ pieces of the $'PREVNTIC^{(R)}'$ collar were removed. The dog was completely cured by intensive care within 2 hours after $'PREVNTIC^{(R)}'$ collar ingestion. However, two dogs were operated by gastrotomy and intensive care over 24 hours after $'PREVNTIC^{(R)}'$ collar ingestion but died. In autopsy, the $5{\sim}6$ pieces of hard materials were found in the stomach, and severe thickness, congestion hemorrhage and swelling of the stomach walls and mucous membrane were observed. In these cases, it was suggested that the first aid of treatment such as gastrotomy within two hours after $'PREVNTIC^{(R)}'$ collar ingestion as soon as possible was helpful for attenuating of toxicosis.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.225-229
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• 2023

In three dogs showing cerebellar ataxia, the onset of clinical signs varied from a young age of five months to age 13 years. Qualitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed various degrees of cerebellar atrophy, and a tentative diagnosis of cerebellar cortical degeneration was made. Quantitative analysis using the brainstem to the cerebellar cross-sectional area ratio (BS:CBM ratio) and T2-signal intensity histograms were obtained to perform an objective evaluation. These techniques have the advantage of being easy and fast to evaluate. These quantitative analyses revealed the severity of cerebellar cortical degeneration in the three dogs as mild, moderate, and severe. Dogs 2 and 3 were identified as abnormal on the relative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) space using T2-signal intensity histograms but were normal on the BS:CBM ratio. This suggests that the T2-signal intensity histograms may have higher sensitivity than BS:CBM ratio.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the easiness of suture and fixation of modified total ring prostheses (m-TRP). Twelve healthy dogs (B.W.2-10 kg) were randomly assigned to three groups. In group A (3 dogs), total ring prostheses was fixed by penetrating a suture material through tracheal mucosa. In group B (3 dogs), TRP was fixed by suturing on tracheal cartilage and muscular layer not penetrating through tracheal mucosa. m-TRP was applied to the cervical portions (group M-C,3 dogs), and thoracic portions (group M-T,3 dogs). Operating time of group M-C (37.33$\pm$6.80 min.) was shorter than those of groups B (83.33$\pm$8.50 min.) and A (63.33$\pm$11.06 min.) (p＜0.01). Clinical complications were minimal and limited to mild, short-term hematoma, vomiting, edema, and inflammation. Coughing remarkably decreased in group B rather than group A. Dyspnea was not showed in group A, B, and M-C, but group M-T had a mild dyspnea. Gross postmortem findings were similar in all groups. Mild adhesions were present between prostheses and adjacent structures, but tracheal lumen was clean. Severe adhesions were present where m-TRP had been applied in the thoracic portions. Histopathologic abnormalities included mild to moderate adventitial and periprosthetic fibrosis and mild adventitial inflammation. The present study indicated that m-TRP were easier in suture and fixation than TRP and had no differences in support for trachea and side effects.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.301-309
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• 1992

The present study was carried out to compare xylazine(2.2mg/kg, IV), xylazine/acepromazine(1.1mg/kg. IV : 0.2mg/kg, IV) and xylazine/diazepam(1.1mg/kg, IV :1.0mg/kg, IV) anesthesia, to determine useful method out of three kinds of anesthesia and tr evaluate this selected method at hypovolemic state. In xylazine, kylazine/acepromazine and kylazine/diazepam anesthesia, the heart rate was increases after administration of atropine until 10minutes after administration of anesthetics and then decreased gradually in all types of anesthesia. The respiratory rate was decreased after administration of anesthetics in all types of anesthesia. The body temperature was rarely changed in xyiazine/acepromazine and xylazine/diazepam anesthesia, but decreased continuously in xylazine anesthesia. In xylazine and kylazine/acepromazine anesthesia the pedal and corneal reflex were not disappeared completely, but reactions to pin pricking were disappeared. In xylazine/diazepam anesthesia their reflex and reactions were disappeared together. The time from head-up to standing was shortest(32.00min) in kylazine/diazepam anesthesia in comparision with xylazine and kylazine/acepromazine anesthesia. In xylazine/diazepam anesthesia, the heart rates in hypovolemic dogs were decreased soon after administration of anesthetics but recovered immediately. The changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hypovolemic dogs revealed similar trends to their changes in normal dogs after administration of anesthetics. It is considered that rylazine/diazepam anesthesia is one of the useful anesthetic methods in healthy dogs and also in hypovolemic dogs.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.79-83
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• 2018

This study compared serum concentrations of suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) between healthy and heartworm- infected dogs. Eighteen heartworm-infected dogs and five healthy dogs were included in the study. Dogs were diagnosed and categorized by history, clinical signs, and blood assay, thoracic radiography, echocardiography, and commercial ELISA kit results. Serum samples were sent to the IDEXX reference laboratory for NT-proBNP measurement. ST2 was examined by using a canine interleukin 33 receptor ELISA kit with the quantitative sandwich ELISA method. The severely infected group showed significant elevation of NT-proBNP concentration over those of the control (P=0.03) and mildly infected (P=0.04) group. There were no significant difference in ST2 concentrations among the three groups. The usefulness of NT-proBNP as a cardiac biomarker in dogs with severe heartworm disease was confirmed by the results of this study. Further investigations to assess ST2 as a cardiac biomarker are warranted.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.474-482
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• 2010

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary hepatic neoplasms in dogs. Three types of HCC such as massive, nodular and diffuse form were reported. Massive HCC is most common and has relatively better prognosis than other forms because this type of HCC can be removed surgically and has low frequency of relapse or metastasis. Diagnostic image can provide useful information for shape and internal structure of the hepatic mass as well as the location and adhesion or invasiveness of the mass to establish surgical plan to remove the mass safely. In this study, we investigated diagnostic features of massive HCC in 5 dogs. Radiography showed soft tissue mass in cranial abdomen in 3 dogs. On ultrasonography, all dogs had a solitary hepatic mass with mixed echo pattern with anechoic cysts, which represented necrosis and hemorrhage. The radiographic and ultrasonographic findings of affected hepatic lobe were compared with the macroscopic findings through laparotomy. Computed tomography was performed to check metastasis and figure out the origin of the mass in two dogs. Ultrasonography is useful and relatively sensitive examination for diagnosis and planning for surgery in canine massive HCC.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.273-278
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• 2005

This study was investigated of the bone healing capacity by autologous fibrin glue in experimental bone defect dogs. The autologous fibrin glue manufactured just before the experiment was mixed with the concentrated fibrinogen from whole blood of the experimental dog and bovine thrombin. The experimental group was constituted with seven dogs. The experimental osteotomy was performed 5 mm length in bilateral region of proximal diaphyseal fibulae. The defected regions of experimental group were filled with the autologous fibrin glue by duploject. The experimental regions had been radiographed biweekly for 16 weeks to observe new bone formation and union. Bone alkaline phophatase (BALP) in all groups was evaluated biweekly till the end of the experiment to determine osteoblast activities. New bone formation had been observed in five regions of three dogs at four weeks after the experimental treatment and in two regions of one dog at ten weeks. The other seven regions of the experimental group and control group were not observed new bone formation until the end of the experiment. BALP value in four dogs observed new bone formation was increased to 97.10 IU/L (453.96%) at two weeks after the experimental treatment. The results of this experiment were suggested that the autologous fibrin glue was moderately effective in new bone formation in dogs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.540-544
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• 2008

Four dogs were presented with the history of progressive abdominal distension and regurgitation. Survey abdominal radiographs revealed gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) with a distended, gas-filled stomach and double bubbles. The mean time from onset of clinical signs to presentation to a clinic was 3.25 hours. In three dogs, orogastric tubes were inserted and their stomachs were decompressed. However, we failed to insert the tube in the remaining one dog. Among these four dogs, gastrotomy was performed in two dogs to remove the gastric contents and to decompress the stomach additionally during surgery. The dogs with GDV were treated with belt-loop gastropexy (n=3) or circumcostal gastropexy (n=1) to prevent recurrence. Necrosis of gastric or splenic tissues was not observed during surgical intervention. All four dogs recovered uneventfully, and no recurrence was found in long term follow-up during $1{\sim}3$ years.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.276-282
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• 2023

Immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA) is an inflammatory, noninfectious disease that affects two or more joints in dogs. Immunosuppressive doses of prednisolone are considered the initial treatment choice for dogs with IMPA. However, few reports have described the combination of mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone for treating dogs with IMPA. In this report, we described the cases of three dogs treated with a combination of mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone. The clinical signs were alleviated in all cases, and C-reactive protein levels were reduced after treatment. Our results show that combination therapy of mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone is effective in managing IMPA. However, careful monitoring of the potential adverse effects, including sporadic infections and metabolic diseases, is necessary. In addition, screening tests and appropriate treatments are necessary for proteinuria, a common complication in dogs with IMPA.