• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.625-641
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• 2013

본 연구는 순천만 연안의 환경생태현황 및 세계자연유산 등재기준 적용 가능성을 분석하였다. 순천만 연안의 갯벌 형성과정은 세계자연유산 등재기준 VIII에 해당하는 지형발전상의 지질학적 주요과정의 항목에 적용될 수 있다고 판단되었다. 순천만 연안의 경관유형은 갯벌, 논경작지, 밭경작지, 침엽수 자연림, 활엽수 자연림 등 5개의 비오톱 유형을 기반으로 다양한 경관유형이 도출되었다. 순천만 연안의 경관은 산과 강, 들판, 갯벌이 조화롭게 구성되는 경관 특성을 보였다. 순천만 연안의 독특한 경관은 세계자연유산 등재기준 VII 항목 자연미와 미학적 중요성 기준을 적용할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 국제적으로 이동하는 흑두루미와 멸종위기조류 서식지인 순천만은 세계자연유산 등재기준 X의 '멸종위기에 처한 종의 자연서식지'로서 기준 적용이 가능할 것으로 분석되었다. 그러나 순천만 연안의 세계자연유산 등재를 목표로 한다면 국립공원이나 생물권보전지역 등 보호지역 지정이 선행 되어야 할 것으로 판단되었다. 특히 순천만뿐만 아니라 우리나라 서남해안 갯벌을 포함하는 통합적인 보전 및 관리가 선행되어야만 등재기준 충족여부를 평가할 수 있는 것으로 보였다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.153-168
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• 2003

최근 개발압력이 가중되고 있는 울진군 왕피천을 대상으로 하천 주변폭 약 1km씩을 대상으로 현존식생도, 녹지자연도, 식생구조 등 산림생태계 조사를 실시하였다. 현존식생도 분석결과 식생유형은 총 26개로 구분되었으며, 그 중 소나무가 우점하는 군락이 6개 유형으로 가장 많이 나타났다. 녹지자연도의 경우 등급 8지역이 전체 조사면적의 70.8%를 차지하였으며. 등급 9지역은 0.3%로 나타났다. 식물군락의 분류는 classification 기법 중 TWINSPAN을 이용한 결과 총 5개군락, 소나무군락(I), 소나무군락(II), 소나무군락(III), 신갈나무군락(IV), 굴참나무군락(V)으로 구분되었다. 각 군락별로 상대우점치를 이용하여 식생구조를 파악하였고, 그 밖에 종수 및 개체수분석 흉고직경급별 분석, 유사도지수 분석을 실시하였다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2013

Malaysia possesses about 1.56 million ha of Peat Swamp Forest (PSF). The PSF safeguard enormous biological diversity, while providing crucial benefits for the sustainable development of human communities. Numbers of threatened plant species are associated with the PSF, including the commercially important Gonystylus bancanus timber. To prevent significant losses of biodiversity, it is important to manage the PSF for both biological conservation and sustainable use. Equally important is to restore all degraded PSF in an attempt to ensure the PSF ecosystem is suitable for the vegetation to grow and rehabilitate back to the normal condition. Prior to plan any forest restoration program, there is a need to properly map the degraded PSF in order to estimate the forest conditions and determine the vegetations status. Most of the time this need to be done at a landscape level and requires a technology that can provide accurate, timely and reliable information for the planner to make decision. This paper describes a study using geospatial technology in combination with ground survey to classify the degraded PSF in South East Pahang Peat Swamp Forest (SEPPSF), Malaysia, into different degree of vegetation classes. With map accuracy of about 83%, the technique proved to be useful in delineating the different degree of PSF degradation from which the information can be used to properly plan forest restoration program in the area. The final output which is in the form of map can be used in developing a Restoration Master Plan for the degraded PSF areas.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2020

Fish culture is constantly threatened by various infectious diseases which are largely transmitted by water. Plasma technology is being used to sterilize polluted water in many industries. In this study, two bacterial pathogens Aeromonas salmonicida and Streptococcus iniae, and a virus (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, VHSV) were subjected to plasma water that was produced by a corona discharge system. Growth of A. salmonicida was greatly inhibited from 10^5.61 CFU/ml in positive control to 10^3.51 CFU/ml in treated group by only 60 sec contact with plasma water. Similarly, S. iniae was inhibited from 10^5.85 CFU/ml to 10^3.40 CFU/ml. VHSV titer also decreased from 10^4.1 TCID₅₀/ml to 10^1.45 TCID₅₀/ml by the same treatment. Activation of water by the plasma was confirmed by the existence of ozone in the plasma water. These results suggest that plasma water could efficiently disinfect fish pathogens, possibly by the action of reactive oxygen species contained in the plasma water.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2013

As the second-largest 1st degree of ecological zone in Kangwon Province, Pyeongchang County is expected to play an important role in expanding the protected areas of the Republic of Korea. However, Pyoungchang County is expected to experience an increase in demand for development due to the 2018 Winter Olympics. Problems related to various stakeholders and limited budget will arise regarding the issue of expanding the protected areas. In this study, in order to effectively control these problems, we designed expansion plans for the 1st degree ecological zoning map areas and the observed data of threatened species I and II in Pyoungchang County by using the MARXAN Software. As for the methods, we first set the planning units(PUs) for the spatial analysis. The PUs include boundary length, land cost, land status, etc. Then, we made the input data by controlling the conservation features, BLM(Boundary Length Modifier) and iteration numbers. There are two measures for the establishment of the protected areas, one of which only concerns with the ecological priority, and the other with combining the land cost on forest. The one illustrated shows that the larger patches that include the conservation feature was selected as a candidate of the protected areas. The other one presented shows that inexpensive land cost areas were selected. As this study produces visual results and enables an efficient application of various values in selecting protected areas, we believe that it will be useful to various stakeholders in spatial decision-making process.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.255-263
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• 2021

Paederia foetida L. is an important medicinal plant that has been used for the treatment of various gastrointestinal related ailments by different tribal communities in India. This plant is also known for its use as a food. Due to overexploitation, P. foetida has been classified as a vulnerable plant in some states of India. The propagation of P. foetida by conventional methods is easy but very slow. Synthetic seed technology offers incredible potential for in vitro propagation of threatened and commercially valuable plants, and can also facilitate the storage and exchange of axenic plant material between laboratories. However, synthetic seed production for P. foetida has not yet been reported. Thus, to the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first attempt to produce synthetic seeds of P. foetida by calcium alginate encapsulation of in vitro regenerated axenic nodal segments. Sodium alginate (3%) and CaCl₂ (100 mM) were found to be the optimal materials for the preparation of ideal synthetic seeds, both in terms of morphology and germination ability. The synthetic seeds showed the best germination (formation of both shoot as well as root; 83.3%) on ½ MS medium augmented with 0.5 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid. The plantlets obtained from these synthetic seeds could be successfully acclimatized under field conditions. We also studied the storage of these synthetic seeds at low temperature and their subsequent sprouting/germination. The seeds showed a germination rate of 63.3% even after 21 days of storage at 4 ℃; thus, they could be useful for transfer and exchange of P. foetida germplasm.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.12.1-12.8
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• 2019

Background: Wild fish populations stock is continuously diminishing in the Indo-Ganges river basin, and the population status of most fishes is unidentified. The identification of the population status and the conservation of commercially important and endemic wild fish populations in this region are crucial for the management. The aim of this paper was to identify the population status of Cirrhinus reba, a promising aquaculture but vulnerable species in the Indo-Ganges river basin in Bangladesh. Methods: C. reba samples were collected from four isolated populations of the Brahmaputra (n = 30), the Padma (33), the Karatoya (31), and the Jamuna Rivers (30) in Bangladesh, and the population status was evaluated using morphometric and landmark comparisons. Data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test, univariate analysis, discriminant function analysis, and the formation of a dendrogram. Results: Three meristic characters (Pectoral fin rays, caudal fin rays, scale in lateral lines), four morphometric characters (head length, pre-orbital length, post-orbital length, maximum body depth), and truss measurement (4-7) were significantly different among the stocks. The step-wise discriminant function analysis retained 15 variables from morphometric and landmark measurements that significantly differentiated the populations based on the constructed DFI and DFII. Discriminate function analysis also showed that 91.2% of the original groups were classified into their correct samples. The cluster analysis of Euclidean distances placed the Jamuna population in one cluster and the Brahmaputra, the Padma, and the Karatoya populations in the second one. Conclusion : Morphological differences among the stock were probably due to different ancestral origin. This is the first report about population status of C. reba in their natural habitat of the Indian subcontinent. Further genetic studies and the evaluation of environmental impact on C. reba populations in Bangladesh are suggested to support our findings.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.73-73
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• 2019

전나무속(Abies Miller, 1754)은 지구상에서 북반구를 중심으로 50여 종이 현존하고 있다. 전나무속은 주로 높은 고도의 산지 또는 수목 한계선 주변에 자연적 분포지를 형성하고 있으며, 국내에는 전나무(A. holophylla), 분비나무(A. nephrolepis) 및 구상나무(A. koreana), 총 3종이 자생하고 있다. 하지만 국내에 자생하는 3종의 경우도 쇠퇴가 급격히 진행되고 있다. 특히 대한민국 특산식물인 한라산의 구상나무는 IUCN Redlist 상의 'Threatened species' category 종으로 등재되어 있을 뿐만 아니라 구상나무 어린 나무(치수)의 수가 급격히 줄어 우리 사회에서 문제가 직면한 '저출산 고령화 사회'와 유사하다고 할 수 있다. 하지만, 구상나무의 어린 나무에 관한 연구가 미비한 실정이다. 게다가 선행연구에서도 어린 나무의 기준이 모호하다. 따라서 본 연구는 구상나무 등 국내 자생하는 구상나무 천연묘의 기준을 정립하여 추후 진행되는 구상나무 등 전나무속 어린 나무에 관한 연구에 표준화를 유도할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 우선, 국내.외 소나무과 어린나무에 관한 논문을 정리 및 분석하였고, 구상나무 어린나무가 자생하는 숲의 구조(제주조릿대 등) 및 환경(암석노출도) 등)에 적절한 높이와 아린흔의 갯수를 참고로 기준안을 제시해 보고자 한다. 본 연구의 기준안은 선행연구에서 조사된 구상나무 어린나무 3,138개체의 높이 및 아린흔 갯수를 토대로 구분해볼 수 있었다. 우선, 높이에 대한 기준은 1년생묘(당해묘, 5cm 미만)-유묘(5cm~10cm 미만)-성묘(대묘, 10cm~30cm 미만)-치수(30cm~100cm 미만) cf.전생치수-유목(100cm 이상) 5단계로 구분되었다. 아린흔 갯수에 대한 기준도 또한 1년생묘(1개)-유묘(2개~6개)-성묘(대묘, 7개~15개)-치수(16개~20개) cf.전생치수-유목(21개 이상) 5단계로 구분되었다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2021

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is an important cash crop in Tanzania as a source of income to cashew growers and provides foreign exchange for the country. Despite its significance, the crop is threatened by fast spreading disease known as cashew Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum. Field assessment and laboratory tests were conducted to determine incidences of the disease, severity, ecological factors that influence them and explored the pathogen host specificity in six cashew growing districts. The results revealed significant (P<0.001) variation of disease incidences and severity among the studied districts. The results further revealed that there is both positive and negative correlation between the incidence and severity of the disease versus the evaluated ecological factors. The soil pH, soil temperature, air temperature, and relative humidity depicted positive correlation of disease incidence and severity versus ecological factors at ρ=0.50 and ρ=0.60, ρ=0.20 and ρ=0.94, ρ=0.11 and ρ=0.812, ρ=0.05 and ρ=0.771 respectively while nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon depicted negative correlations at ρ=-0.22 and ρ=-0.58, ρ=-0.15 and ρ=-0.94, ρ=-0.19 and ρ=-0.12 respectively. In terms of host range, none of the weed species was found to be a carrier of Fusarium pathogen implying that it is host specific or semi selective. The results revealed that the tested ecological parameters favor the growth and development of Fusarium pathogen. Thus, management of the disease requires nutrients replenishment and soil shading as essential components in developing appropriate strategies for the control and prevention of further spread of the disease.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.213-246
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• 2016

풍혈지는 여름철에 너덜지대 사면의 암괴 틈에서 찬 공기가 스며 나오며, 또한 결빙현상을 보이는 국소적 저온환경을 형성하는 지역이다. 풍혈지의 국소적인 저온환경은 빙하기에 남하했던 북방계 식물들의 잔존집단이 온대 지역의 해발고도가 낮은 지대에서도 분포하는 것을 가능하게 한다. 본 연구는 한반도에 분포하는 15개소의 주요 풍혈지에 대한 식물상과 식물 종조성, 위협요인 등의 조사를 통하여 풍혈지 식생에 대한 안정적인 보전 계획 수립을 위한 기초자료를 제시하고자 한다. 15개소의 풍혈지에 대한 식물상 조사결과, 풍혈지의 관속식물은 109과 323속 531종 7아종 47변종 1품종 1교잡종, 총 587분류군으로 확인되었다. 이중에서 멸종우려 식물이 8분류군, 한반도 고유종은 26분류군이었고, 식물구계학적 특정식물인 IV-V등급 식물이 31분류군이었다. 기후온난화에 취약한 북방계 식물이 32분류군으로 조사되었고 특히, 한반도내 식물의 수직적 분포 상에서, 주로 아고산대에서 발견되는 애기가물고사리(Woodsia hancockii), 월귤(Vaccinium vitis-idaea), 좀다람쥐꼬리(Huperzia selago), 토끼고사리(Gymnocarpium dryopteris), 한들고사리(Cystopteris fragilis), 흰인가목(Rosa koreana) 등이 해발고도 100-600 m의 풍혈지에서 생육하고 있었다. 풍혈지는 인위적인 교란과 훼손행위에 대해 어떠한 보호조치 없기 때문에 풍혈지의 주요 식물 종들이 지속적으로 소실되어 가고 있다. 풍혈지에 분포하는 생물종 파악을 위해 모든 분류군을 포함한 생물다양성 조사가 실시되어야 한다. 그리고 풍혈지의 안정적인 관리와 생물다양성 보전을 위해 국가차원의 보존계획 수립과 체계적이고 합리적인 관리 방안이 논의되었다.