• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.108 no.4
• /
• pp.484-492
• /
• 2019

The aim of the present study was to compare the cold tolerance of seven different types of trees growing in southern Korea to select evergreen broad-leaved trees that can be used as street trees in large land areas experiencing climate change. The trees compared were the thorn tree, Cinnamomum camphora, Camellia japonica, Machilus thunbergii, Dendropanax morbifera, Daphniphyllum macropodum Miq., Quercus glauca Thunb., and Raphiolepis indica. When the trees were subjected to low temperature treatment, their electrolyte elution volume values appeared to increase with the decreases in the treatment temperature. The analysis of the cold tolerance of each type of tree was based on the estimated temperatures in the following order: C. japonica (-11.586℃) > R. indica (-9.348℃) > Q. glauca (-8.719℃) > M. thunbergii (-8.090℃) > D. macropodum (-7.409℃) > D. morbifera (-7.085℃) > C. camphora (-6.995℃). The relative cold tolerance difference found in the seven tree species was more than 5℃, as evaluated previously. In the Lauraceae family, the difference in cold tolerance was more than 2℃, even in the same species. The analysis showed that trees with excellent cold tolerance included Q. glauca Thunb., C. japonica, R. indica, and the thorn tree. This knowledge is required for the evaluation of the possibility of the survival of trees under cold temperature conditions in cities.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2023.04a
• /
• pp.49-49
• /
• 2023

본 실험은 콤부차의 발효시 에너지원으로 첨가되는 당(sucrose) 대신 꾸지뽕(Cudrania tricuspidata Bureau; silkworm thorn) 과일 발효액을 첨가하여 꾸지뽕-콤부차의 기능성을 구명하고자 하였다. 대조구인 콤부차는 끓여서 식힌 물 900mL에 홍차 2.4g을 넣어 한시간 동안 추출한 후 초기당도가 10°Bx가 되도록 sucrose를 첨가하였고, 처리구는 sucrose대신 꾸지뽕 과일 무게 대 sucrose의 비율을 1 대 0.9의 비율로 조제하여 발효시킨 꾸지뽕 발효액(당도 50°Bx)을 10°Bx가 되도록 희석하여 첨가하였다. 여기에 발효균인 SCOBY를 첨가한 후 실온에 3주간 보관하면서 1주일 간격으로 시료를 채취하여 총폴리페놀성 화합물 및 카테킨류 함량, 항산화 활성 및 인체 정상 폐세포주인 MRC-5와 폐암세포주인 A549의 세포 증식에 미치는 영향을 구명하였다. 발효 3주 동안 채취한 꾸지뽕-콤부차를 MRC-5 세포에 처리하였을 때 발효 2주까지는 꾸지뽕-콤부차가 대조구에 비해 약 10~30% 세포 증식효과를 보였고 발표 3주째에는 유사한 증식효과를 보였다. 폐암세포주 A549에 처리시에는 발효 2주째 대조구에 비해 낮은 증식율을 보였으나 그 차이는 크지 않았다. 이 결과는 꾸지뽕-콤부차가 인체 폐세포 증식을 촉진하나 폐암세포의 증식을 크게 억제하지는 않음을 의미한다. 총폴리페놀성화합물 함량은 대조구의 경우 발효기간이 경과함에 따라 증가하는 반면 꾸지뽕-콤부차는 조제직후 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 높은 함량을 보이다 서서히 감소하였는데 발효 2주째 대조구와 유사한 수준에 도달하였으며 3주째에는 대조구에 비해 낮은 함량을 보였다. 카테킨류(Epigallocatechin, Epigallocatechin gallate, 그리고 Epicatechin gallate, epicatechin)는 총 페놀성화합물과는 반대의 경향을 보였는데, 발표 2주까지는 꾸지뽕-콤부차의 함량이 유의적으로 높았다가 발표 3주째 크게 낮아졌다. 활성산소 제거능은 발효 2주째까지는 대조구에 비해 낮았으나 3주째 유의적으로 높아져 꾸지뽕-콤부차의 항산화활성은 카테킨류 함량에 비례함을 알 수 있었다. 기능성분 함량과 MRC-5 증식에 관한 상관분석시 총풀리페놀함량이 세포증식에 정의 상관관계를 나타내었다.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
• /
• 1996.02a
• /
• pp.79-84
• /
• 1996

The two existing romanization systems in Korea, namely the recently promulgated Ministry of Education version sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences incorporating for the most part the McCune-Reischauer system and the Hangeul Haghoe or the Korean Language Society's version, must be judged as failures: He fennel for its disregard of Korean orthography and pronunciation, use of Latin-oriented pronunciation despite its assertion that English is the standard used, and the greatest weakness of all, its use of phonetic symbols neither found in regular typewriters, teleprinters, word processors and telex machines nor understood by laymen, sometimes not even by specialists. And the latter suffers from its undue emphasis on Korean orthography, Latin-oriented pronunciation being only partly capable of representing Korean pronunciation, among other shortcomings. Since the two existing romanization systems of Korean in South Korea, and romanization system of Japanese with Latin-oriented pronunciation are woefully inadequate, in today's world where English is used as if it were the international language almost all over the world, the present writer has invented a completely new system of romanizing Korean and Japanese by the so-called pseudo-phonetic method. This method employs the roman letters only and uses thorn in place of phonetic symbols as long as the letters thus applied are believed to have constant sound value. The English pronunciation is the standard used for this system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
• /
• 2005.09a
• /
• pp.112-123
• /
• 2005

For thestudying and utilizing the thorn sea cucumber synthetically, the method preparing polysaccharide and polypeptide from sea cucumber was studied. The comparatively rational craft for preparing crude polysaccharide is fresh raw materials deal with oar form, $60\%$ of the ethanol precipitate after hydrolyzed by pretense and vibrated with ultrasonic wave auxiliary. The purification of polysaccharide and removal of protein fromcrude polysaccharide were made through precipitation method using the acetate. The polypeptide is obtained by concentrating in vacuum, freeze-drying after mixing precipitations of two times. Polysaccharide acute poisoning experiment indicate there is no bad reaction when LD50>5000g/kg, there strain rate of liver tumor H11 approach present generally acknowledged tumor treat medicine cyclophosphamide, and there is no side effect. The fatigue resistance function of polypeptide experiment also indicates that the fatigue resistance ability of mouse which fed on added sea cucumber polypeptide has a great improvement.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.357-363
• /
• 2006

This study examined the effect of medicinal herbs on the growth of 3 strains of lactic starter cultures in a MRS broth by adding a 0, 1, 3, 5, and 10% water extract. The pH, titratable acidity and OD of lactic acid bacteria were investigated in order to obtain fundamental knowledge for the development a new product, box thorn yogurt. In the case of adding the Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seeman water extract, Streptococcus thermophilus was largely activated by the addition of the 5% extract. The growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus was activated by the extracts but it was depressed by the addition of the 3% Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seeman water extract. Compared with the control, the growth of Bifidobacterium longum was largely activated by the addition of the 10% extract but it was depressed by the addition of the 5% Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seeman water extract.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.26 no.3 s.63
• /
• pp.98-109
• /
• 2005

Objectives : This study was designed to identify the effects of Salvia Miltiorrhiza or antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 33400. Methods : The ethanol- and water-extracts of more than 80 oriental herbal medicines were investigated by the Kirby-Bauer method to determine their inhibitory effect on growth of S. pneumoniae ATCC 33400 in vitro. Of thorn, Salvia Miltiorrhiza was selected. Results : The ethanol-soluble extract of Salvia Miltiorrhiza showed relatively high antibacterial activity against S. pneumoniae ATCC 33400. However, the water-soluble extract of Salvia Miltionrhiza showed no antibacterial activity. The ethanolic extract was forker fractionated with organic solvents such as hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate in that order. Among the fraction tested, the chloroform fraction showed the highest antibacterial activity, when the ethanol-soluble extract of Salvia Miltiorrhiza minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 25${\mu}g/ml$. Conclusions : Further study should be carried out to identity of the cell growth inhibition effects of S. pneumoniae ATCC 33400.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.32 no.4A
• /
• pp.336-343
• /
• 2007

Due to the ultrawide band property of an UWB pulse, it is difficult to digitally implement a TR-UWB system in time domain. In order to overcome this problem, we propose two types of TR-UWB systems which can be implemented in frequency-domain. One of thorn is derived from the Parseval's theorem, which results in its system performance equitable to that of time-domain based system. In addition, we propose another receiver structure which can improve the performance by exploiting the complex nature of the frequency components. Finally, through simulations, we compare the performances of two receiver structures with the time domain counterpart.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.536-541
• /
• 1996

Between June 1988 and June 1994, twenty five patients with locAlly advanced esophageal carcinoma received preoperative chemotherapy (Cisplatln, 5-Fluorouracil with or without Etoposide) and followed by resection. All patients had clinical evidence of airway involvement or distant Iymphnode involve- ment (M 1 Iymphnode) on bronchoscopy or computed tomographic scans. The major response rate to chemotherapy decided by the postoperative stage was 48% (12125). The resection rate was 92% (23/25) with overall complete resection rate of 72% (18125). Two patients had exploratory laparotomy (thorn- cotomy) only. Thirteen patients had esophagogastrostomy with a combined abdominl and Rt. thoracic approach (Ivor Lewis operation), slx pAtients had transhiatal esophagectomy, four patients had esophagogastrostomy with a combined Rt. thoracotonly & abdominal, cervical approach. There were three postoperative deaths (12%). Follow-up duration was between 3.3 months to 65 months. Median survival ime of resected patients except hospital death was 14.8 months. Actuarial survival at 12, 24 months was 72.9%, 26.2%. Signifi- cant better survival was associated with responder group (postoperative stage less than lIB) (P=0.029). These results demonstrate that 1) Preoperative Cisplatin based combined chemotherapy Produce high response rate, 2) High complete resection rate with acceptable mortality rate occur after preoperative chemotherapy, 3) Better surviL dl can be anticipated if complete resection performed after major re- sponse to preoperative chemotherapy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• autumn
• /
• pp.245-250
• /
• 2001

Nowadays, there has been extreme competition due to market reduction in the domestic construction industry. In this situation, Korean construction companies are focused in the area of planning development housing project, which should maximize profit for a project. The most important step in this project is the business planning stage which judge whether it could come true or not. Each company has its own planning process model, but there hasn't been any standard model for the business planning process. To solve this problem in Korean construction companies, this study identifies the existing business planning process in the domestic construction companies finds out its problems, and suggests solutions for thorn. And Finally a business planning process model is proposed for success in development housing projects.

• Development and Reproduction
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.361-367
• /
• 2018

The newborn, Hippocampus kuda larvae were 6.97-8.81, standard length (SL) mm (mean 7.89 mm) and mouth and anuse were open. Dorsal fin rays 15-18 and pectoral fin-rays were counted 8 and had 10-11+21 myotomes, body's bony plate ring being developed strongly in the central axis of myotomes part. 4 days after bearing, the SL was 7.02-9.47 mm (mean 8.24 mm) and nostrils began to open. 12 days after bearing, larvae attained to 8.91-11.2 SL mm (mean 10.0 mm). From this time, their unique predation habit appeared. 21 days bearing, larvae attained to 12.1-14.8 SL mm (mean 13.4 mm) the and thorn of back was enlarged among the plate formed around ring. 41 days bearing, seahorses attained to 17.1-17.8 SL mm (mean 17.4 mm) and the number of body's bony plate ring of the top of rings trunk was 11 and on the tail of them was 33-36, similar to figure of adult.