• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 2004

We isolated 50 strains from sludge of wastewater treatment aeration tank using selective medium for Thio-bacillus sp. by membrane filtration method. They were identified as Thiobacillus neapolitanus (7), T. tepidarius (4), T. dientrificans (5), T. versutus (23), T. intermedius (2) and T. perometabolis (9). We selected Thiobacillus versutus strain KT51, which had the highest removal efficiency (100％) of hydrogen sulfide and the highest removal efficiency (85％) of dimethyl sulfide for 30 min in screen test. Also Thiobacillus versutus strain KT81 had the highest removal efficiency (26％) of dimethyl disulfide for 30 min in screen test. In applification of lab-scale reactor (closed-biological treatment) using Thiobacillus versutus strain KT51, results were 99.8％ (＜0.02 ppm) removal efficiency of hydrogen sulfide for 15 min.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.443-447
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• 2003

The microorganism was isolated from the night soil treatment plant for the removal of sulfur compounds. The growth conditions of the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria were investigated and the isolate characterized as Thiobacillus noveilus SRM. The optimal pH of Thiobacillus novellus SRM on cell growth was pH 7.0 and the optimal temperature was 30$^{\circ}C$ and the optimal air flow rate was 1 vvm, respectively. As a results of cell growth from the Monod plot, the specific growth rate was 0.032 hr$\^$-l/, $V_{max}$ was 1.43 hr$\^$-l/ and $K_{m}$ was 0.32, respectively. The thiosulfate oxidation by Thiobacillus novellus SRM was made of sulfate ion. The sulfate ion reduced pH and decreased cell growth.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.254-261
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• 2000

A bacterial leaching was conducted for pyrite with Thiobacillus ferrooxidans(ATcC 19859) and Thiobacillus KY isolated from acid mine water around Kwangyang area to characterize the surface of substrate as reaction progress at the optimum condition under 9K medium for 3- days. It was found that the surface crystallinity changes referred to hkl plane was observed for 20 days leached by T. ferrooxidans similar changes also observed for 10 days leached pyrite by Thiobacillus KY. Based on he results of SEM-EDS the atomic ratios of Fe, S and Si on the surface were changed to sulfur rich phase but exposed Si ratio decreased from 16.94% to 4.85% during 30days mainly due to reprecipitating of Fe and S as a mixed compound.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.155-166
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• 1972

With respect to a bacterium isolated some of the similarities and differences previously indicated between Thiobacillus thiooxidans and Thiobacillus concretivorus wee confirmed and the bacteria also provided considerable diferences compared to the two species in some repects. Severe precipitation of sulfur occurred in colonies and in liquid media of the organism isolated. The organism isolated utilized nitrate and asparagine as well as ammonium sulfate as a sole nitrogen source and grew well without being nearly inhibited by citrate and malate. This organism also showed the resistance to heats and external physical stimulations. Owing to some characters decribed above and the reports proposed, the organism isolated could be concluded to be Thiobacillus concretivorus and it was suggested that Thiobacillus concretivorus might be an apparently different species from Thiobacillus thiooxidans.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.1046-1054
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• 2001

Bioleaching is the process in which insoluble metal sulfide is oxidized by specialized iron- and/or sulfur-oxidizing lithotrophic bacteria in acidic, metal-rich environments. Most of these processes are carried out by the genus Thiobacillus. Three novel Thiobacillus strains (Thiobacillus thiooxidans AZ11, Thiobacillus thiooxidans MET, and thiobacillus thiooxidans TAS) associated with bioleaching have been isolated from soil and sludge (Korean patent No. 1999-0073060 for T. thiooxidans AZ11, Korean patent No. 1999-0005798 for T. thiooxidans MET, and Korean patent No. 1999-0073059 for T. thiooxidans TAS). A partial sequence of 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S rDNA) and the entire sequence of 16S/23S intergenic spacer region (ISR) were determined in the three above novel strains and in Thiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC19859 as a reference strain. When phylogenetic analysis was performed based on G+C contents and sequence alignments, T. ferroxidans ATCC19859 was found to be closely related to previously registered T. ferrooxidans strains in a monophyletic manner, while the three novel T. thiooxidans strains were classified in a paraphyletic manner. Close examination on the base composition of 16S/23S ISR revealed that the 5\` part (nucleotide residues 21-200) was specific for the genus Thiobacillus. On the other end, the 3\` part (nucleotide residues 201-520) showed specificity in T. ferrooxidans strains, but not in T. thiooxidans strains. These results suggest that the proximal and distal halves of 16S/23S could be used as a genetic marker for the identification of the genus Thiobacillus and the species T. ferrooxidans, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.903-906
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• 2008

To analyze the growth of SOB (Thiobacillus novellus) and biochemical corrosion of concrete, simulation test method and device were developed. And two types of simulation tests were conducted according to a transplant method and a concentration of H2SO4. As a result, the SOB growth in distinct manners and antibiosis of specimen were observed. In the case of the specimens indirectly transplanted with SOB through culture solution submersion at a hydrogen sulfide level of 120ppm, the rapid activation of SOB and the resulting sulfuric acid production were observed. However, SOB were shown to grow rapidly and then die out in a relative short period of time. Meanwhile, in the case of the specimens directly transplanted with SOB at a hydrogen sulfide level of 50ppm, the long-term growth of SOB was possible, but the production of sulfuric acid by SOB did not progress. In the case of the antibiotic metal-mixed specimens, SOB with destroyed cell membranes and internal organizations were observed.

• BMB Reports
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.307-313
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• 2005

Thiobacillus ferrooxidans is one of the most important bacterium used in bioleaching, and can utilize $Fe^{2+}$ or sulphide as energy source. Growth curves for Thiobacillus ferrooxidans have been tested, which show lag, logarithmic, stationary and aging phases as seen in other bacteria. The logarithmic phases were from 10 to 32 hours for Thiobacillus ferrooxidans cultivated with $Fe^{2+}$ and from 4 to 12 days for Thiobacillus ferrooxidans cultivated with elemental sulphur. Differences of protein patterns of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans growing on elemental sulphur and $Fe^{2+}$ separately were investigated after cultivation at $30^{\circ}C$ by the analysis of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization (MALDI)-Mass spectrometry and ESI-MS/MS. From the 7 identified protein spots, 11 spots were found more abundant when growing on elemental sulphur. By contrast 6 protein spots were found decreased at elemental cultivation condition. Among the proteins identified, cytochrome C have been previously identified as necessary elements of electron-transfering pathway for Thiobacillus ferrooxidans to oxidize $Fe^{2+}$; ATP synthase alpha chain and beta are expressed increased when Thiobacillus ferrooxidans cultivated with $Fe^{2+}$ as energy source. ATP synthase Beta chain is the catalytic subunit, and ATP synthase alpha chain is a regulatory subunit. The function of ATPase produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.649-653
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• 1996

Imnmobilization characteristics of Thiobacillus sp. IW which oxidizes sulfur compound was studied to use the bacterium in odor controlling equipment for the future. The optimum growth conditions for Thiobacillus sp. IW were pH7, $30^{\circ}C$ and the generation time was 38min, which was extremely fast compared with other sulfur oxidizing bacteria. Optimum growth conditions in activated carbon as a carrier was pH5, $35^{\circ}C$ and those in bioceramics was pH 7∼8, $35^{\circ}C$. Cell growth immobilized in bioceramics was more stable in pH, temperature change than that immobilized in activated carbon and total number of cells in bioceramics were also higher. Based on these results, the bioceramics is thought to be better carrier in immobilization of Thiobacillus sp. IW.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.48-52
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• 2000

An autotrophic sulfur oxidizer, Thiobacillus sp. ASWW-2, was isolated from activated sludge, and its sulfur oxidation activity was characterized. Thiobacillus sp. ASWW-2 could oxidize elemental sulfur on the broad range from pH 2 to 8. When 5-50 g/L of elemental sulfur was supplemented as a substrate, the growth and sulfur oxidation activity of Thiobacillus sp. ASWW-2 was not inhibited. The specific sulfur oxidation rate of strain ASWW-2 decreased gradually until sulfate was accumulated in medium up to 10 g/L. In the range of sulfate concentration from 10 g/L to 50 g/L, the sulfur oxidation rate could keep over $2.0g-S/g-DCW{\cdot}d$. It indicated that Thiobacillus sp. ASWW-2 has tolerance to high concentration of sulfate.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.495-502
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• 2008

To analyze the growth of SOB(Thiobacillus novellus) and biochemical corrosion of concrete, simulation test method and device were developed, and basic conditions for SOB growth were established. Two types of simulation tests were conducted according to a transplant method and a concentration of $H_2SO_4$. As a result, the SOB growth in distinct manners and antibiosis of specimen were observed. In the case of the specimens indirectly transplanted with SOB through culture solution submersion at a hydrogen sulfide level of 120 ppm, the rapid activation of SOB and the resulting sulfuric acid production were observed. However, SOB were shown to grow rapidly and then die out in a relative short period of time. Meanwhile, in the case of the specimens directly transplanted with SOB at a hydrogen sulfide level of 50 ppm, the long-term growth of SOB was possible, but the production of sulfuric acid by SOB did not progress. In the case of the antibiotic metal-mixed specimens, SOB with destroyed cell membranes and internal organizations were observed.