• 복식
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.89-105
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• 2014

This study researched the changes in everyday wear in China since the mid-20th century. The study was conducted by interviewing 13 Chinese persons who were familiar with the public awareness and donning practices of the Chinese from 1949 to now, and the results were analyzed through categorical analysis and subject analysis. First of all, due to the influences of Zhongshan-zhuang, Liening-zhuang and Bulaji, political characteristics were represented the most during the reconstruction time, and during this time, Jieyueling also became famous. Second, during the period of the Cultural Revolution, the government used many mechanisms to control people's thought, so Junfu/Junbianfu and sailor shirt were the most common clothing. Third, information from the West began to enter the Chinese market and it started to influence and change the Chinese thinking. Suit, bat wing sleeves, colorful skirt, flares and jeans became more and more popular in the reform and open times. Fourth, during the personality expression time, people not only copied fashion icons' styles, but also created new styles like sexy, cute, ethnic, K-pop, street, and DIY style, in order to show their personality. Finally, during these 60 years, the changes of Chinese everyday wear were characterized by de-politicization, ready-made, diversification and individualization.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.404-416
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of the cognitive levels and the science process skills based on the cognitive styles. The subjects of the study were 5-6th grade 790 students sampled by random cluster sampling method in three schools from large cities, small cities, and rural areas respectively. The results are as follows. 1) The field independent students showed significantly higher(p< 0.001) cognitive level than the field dependent ones. 2) The field independent group showed higher formation rate of subskills of the logical thinking skills than the field dependent groups. 3) It was found out that the field independent group attained significantly higher scores of science process skills than the field dependent group in 5th and 6th grade students. 4) The more cognitive levels became higher, the more science process skills were significantly higher(p< 0.001). 5) There were significant(p<0.001) differences among the science process skills for grade levels and three regions. And that there were not significant differences in the science process skills between males and females, 6) The science process skills of the field independent and the formal operational group could be acquired better scores in the science process skills than those who belong to another combinations.

• Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.391-397
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• 2018

Objective: Meditation can elicit trait-like changes in psychological and social styles, as well as enhancement of emotional regulatory capacity. We investigated the relation between personality traits and emotional intelligence in meditation practitioners. Methods: Seventy-two long-term practitioners of mind-body training (MBT) and 62 healthy comparative individuals participated in the study. The participants completed emotional intelligence questionnaires and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Results: The MBT group revealed higher scores on all five emotional intelligence factors than did those in the control group, such as emotional awareness and expression, empathy, emotional thinking, emotional application, and emotional regulation (all $p{\leq}0.001$). MBT practitioners also had higher scores on the intuition of perceiving function (t=-2.635, p=0.010) and on the feeling of the judging function (t=-3.340, p=0.001) of the MBTI compared with those in the control group. Only the MBT group showed a robust relationship with every factor of emotional intelligence and MBTI-defined intuitive styles, indicating that higher scores of emotional intelligence were related to higher scores for intuition. Conclusion: Emotional intelligence of meditation practitioners showed notable relationships with some features of personality trait. In-depth associations between emotional intelligence and personality traits would help to foster psychological functions in meditation practitioners.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.295-305
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• 2019

This study examined the effects of social comparison orientation and stress coping styles on job-seeking stress experienced by university students. The participants of this study were 324 junior and senior students (151 males and 173 females) from six universities located in Seoul who were preparing for employment. They were asked to respond to a written questionnaire to measure research variables for the Job-Seeking Stress Scale, the Social Comparison Orientation Scale, and the Ways of Coping Checklist. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and a hierarchical multiple regression. The major findings of this study were as follows. First, social comparison orientation had a positive effect on job-seeking stress of university students, revealing that students with a high level of social comparison orientation were more likely to experience job-seeking stress. Second, both emotion-alleviation coping style and wishful thinking coping style increased level of job-seeking stress. In addition, problem-focused coping style had a negative influence on job-seeking stress, whereas social support seeking coping style had no significant effect on it. The results suggested that it would be possible to reduce job-seeking stress of university students by changing either social comparison or stress coping style.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.78-92
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• 2023

Fashion trends are actively disseminated through social media, which influences both their propagation and consumption. This study explored how users perceive subversive basic fashion in social media videos, by examining the associated concepts and characteristics. In addition, the factors contributing to the style's social media dissemination were identified and its distinctive features were analyzed. Through text mining analysis, 80 keywords were selected for semantic network and CONCOR analysis. TF-IDF and N-gram results indicate that subversive basic fashion involves transformative design techniques such as cutting or layering garments, emphasizing the body with thin fabrics, and creating bold visual effects. Topic modeling suggests that this fashion forms a subculture that resists mainstream norms, seeking individuality by creatively transforming the existing garments. CONCOR analysis categorized the style into six groups: forward-thinking unconventional fashion, bold and unique style, creative reworking, item utilization and combination, pursuit of easy and convenient fashion, and contemporary sensibility. Consumer actions, linked to social media, were shown to involve easily transforming and pursuing personalized styles. Furthermore, creating new styles through the existing clothing is seen as an economic and creative activity that fosters network formation and interaction. This study is significant as it addresses language expression limitations and subjectivity issues in fashion image analysis, revealing factors contributing to content reproduction through user-perceived design concepts and social media-conveyed fashion characteristics.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.397-416
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• 2024

This study investigated gender characteristics in contemporary virtual fashion design, focusing on avatars and genderless fashion in recent collections from Auroboros, Republiqe, Placebo Digital Fashion House, RTFKT, and Tribute. Employing content analysis within a theoretical framework of gender-related research, the study coded virtual avatars in terms of biological sex, appearance, and sociological perspectives. The results showed a preference for female-type avatars, through which androgynous aesthetics were embraced and traditional gender norms were challenged. Male-type avatars reflected experimentation with blending masculine elements, emphasizing inclusivity. Human-like avatars indicated a preference for designs that promoted inclusivity and, in the process, challenged binary classifications. The examined brands strategically capitalized on compromise, sensuality, and playfulness, thereby breaking away from traditional values to opt for more diverse styles. Genderless features combined elements from traditional men's and women's clothing, espousing sensuality and playful exaggeration. These findings signify a dynamic shift away from conventional gender standards to foster inclusivity and experimentation. They can serve as a reference for promoting creative strategies and design innovation, challenging the traditional gender perspective in the fashion industry. Implementing these strategies can lead to a more inclusive representation of fashion styles, encouraging critical thinking about gender norms.

• 조형예술학연구
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• 제1권
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• pp.189-226
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• 1999

The purpose of this paper is to examine the common characteristics of late 20th century interior design style and the post-modern thinking system. A period has its own predominant spirit which determine the tendency of art, and the ubiquitous power in the spirit decides the period's pattern of art. Therefore the interior design style belongs to general art sphere that has its own individual character derived from the dominant power of the controlling system. Paying special attention to this understanding, the auther has processed this paper by combining the post-modem thinking with special characteristics of each of the 20th century interior design style. Until now, researches have been focused on the individual style of post-modern design; however, a general research comprising the whole characteristics of expression has not been made. Accordingly, the rationale of emphasizing the general point of view is establshed. Also, this study suggests a model applicable to studies concerning other art area. This type of methodology is receving more attention as an approach investigating new art ideology for researching post-modern thinking and late 20th century art styles. The conclusions are as follows: First, the distinctive expressions of postmodernism appear to be characteristic of illusion, metaphor, pluralism, decoration, and symmetry, Those of late modernism appear to be the characteristic of complicated simplicity and symplified complexity, passiveness of symbolism and harmony, indeterminacy of form and space, and unintentional decorativeness. And the characteristics of deconstructionism are spatial difference and temporal defferal, and un-reductive and non formal abstractiveness of the space, unfinishness, chance, and secretiveness of individual style. Second, the disinctive expression seems to share common characteristics with postmodern thinking. The best examples are pluralism, non-formalism, populism, and historicism, originating from the deconstruction of 'meta-narrative'. Third, based on the second conclusion, general distinctive expression could be simplified as chacteristics of plurality, hybridity, and indeterminacy. These expressive chacteristics appear to be automatically connected with general postmodern thinking. Last, in consideration of the above conclusion, the extreme generality could be distinctively clarified as 'textural co-exsistence'. Accordingly, the author might confirm that 'textural co-existence' originated from the text that comes from postmodern thinking. In conclusion, design expression of late 20th century interior design accepts the ?universal theme of ubiquitous postmodern thinking. And universal expressions and supreme generality can be common analysis tools for understanding and studying complicated late 20th century interior design.

• 복식
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• 제45권
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• pp.147-160
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• 1999

The purposes of this study were to classify the university women according to their life styles and to analyze the cosmetic consumption behavior of classified groups. The results of this study may suggest cosmetics production and sales plan to manufactures and distributers and to provide cosmetic consumption guides for the university women. For empirical study a questionnaire developed by researchers was distributed to 456 of university women in Chonbuk province from Aug. 26 to Sep. 17 1998. Frequencies and percentages were claculated. And factor analysis cluster analysis and $\chi$2-test were used. The results were as follows: 1. University women were clustered into 5 types of sound and self pursuit type realistic and fashion pursuit type external and liberal type delightful and enjoying type and passive and stagnate type according to their life styles. 2. Sound and self pursuit type was characterized by the faithfulness to school and home life and economical lining. They got cosmetics information through direct experiences by use of samples put on full make-ups to protect their skin and selected refill cosmetic products to save money. 3. Realistic and fashion pursuit type were sensitive to fashion and had a strong desire for material achievement. They put on full make-ups exchange unsatisfactory cosmetics at the store where they bought and had a lot of imported cosmetics experiences. 4. External and liberal type showed little concern with saving and had progressive thinking. They bought cosmetics at the department store got informations from market-oriented information sources. perferred shopping at department stores considerred price most important when selecting cosmetics exchanged unsatisfactory cosmetics at the store they bought when they were not satisfied with the flavor or skin troule. 5. Delightful and enjoying type showed the least faithfulness to their home and school life. They put on partial make-ups for the correction of facial defects or etiquette. 6. Passive and stagnate type enjoyed home life but were passive in real life and open-mindness They got cosmetics information from marketer-oriented information sources bought cosmetics at discount stores considered price most important when selecting cosmetics put on basic or at least mke-ups to protect their skin had the least experience in the imported cosmetics and refill products.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.748-760
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• 2011

This study examined the curricula of well-known fashion schools and educational programs through personal interviews with industry professionals. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of fashion programs that are designed to improve the creativity of students. Six fashion schools in Western Europe and the United States were selected based on the number of graduates included in the Designer Handbook published by Fairchild Books. Two Korean professionals from each school were interviewed either by email or in person, resulting in a total of 12 interviews. The data were analyzed qualitatively. The results indicated that the management styles as well as the curricula of these schools include features that enhanced student creativity. The schools are located in major fashion cities and have a close relationship with industry that is maintained to provide hands-on opportunities to students. The schools have clear and solid educational goals with instructional styles that provide students significant autonomy and responsibility. The instructors work closely with individual students to guide them through their projects and help develop students' unique styles. The schools utilized the instructions and studios as well as the social and cultural environments to help students acquire creative thinking and creative behavioral patterns. The findings of this study have implications for educators who wish to develop effective educational programs that enhance student creativity.

• 아동학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1989

This study compared the effects of open and directed teaching styles on creativity and mathematical achievement. The subjects were 32 three- and four-year-old children enrolled in the Home Economics Laboratory Nursery School at the University of Arkansas during the fall semester of 1987. In this study, the open teaching style was a child-oriented method of teaching with the help or guidance rather than the actual instruction of teacher, while the directed teaching style was a teacher-oriented method of teaching with actual instruction of the teacher. Forty-eight activities and materials relevant to mathematical concepts appropriately designed for the subjects were used. The nursery school children were divided into morning and afternoon groups. Utilizing a Latin square design, the children in the morning group were taught by the directed teaching style for four weeks followed by a three week period of no planned mathematical activities, then taught by the open teaching style for four weeks. The children in the afternoon group followed the same schedule except the open teaching style was first. At the end of the two four-week sessions of mathematics experiences Thinking Creatively in Action and Movement and selected items of Tests of Basic Experiences 2: Mathematics were administered. The scores of each of the two tests were analyzed using a t-test of dependent measures for the two teaching styles, the sex, and the age of the children. Children taught using the directed teaching style showed a significantly higher originality and mathematical achievement scores than those taught using the open teaching style. Differences for sex and age revealed that the directed teaching style was a significantly better method of instruction to foster the originality for boys and the mathematical achievement for four-year-old children.