• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제55권12호
• /
• pp.4504-4517
• /
• 2023

After a loss of coolant accident (LOCA) in the prestressed concrete containment vessels (PCCVs) of nuclear power plants, the coupling of temperature and pressure can significantly affect the mechanical properties of the PCCVs. However, there is no consensus on how this coupling affects the failure mechanism of PCCVs. In this paper, a simplified finite element modeling method is proposed to study the effect of temperature and pressure coupling on PCCVs. The experiment results of a 1:4 scale PCCV model tested at Sandia National Laboratory (SNL) are compared with the results obtained from the proposed modeling approach. Seven working conditions are set up by varying the internal and external temperatures to investigate the failure mechanism of the PCCV model under the coupling effect of temperature and pressure. The results of this paper demonstrate that the finite element model established by the simplified finite element method proposed in this paper is highly consistent with the experimental results. Furthermore, the stress-displacement curve of the PCCV during loading can be divided into four stages, each of which corresponds to the damage to the concrete, steel liner, steel rebar, and prestressing tendon. Finally, the failure mechanism of the PCCV is significantly affected by temperature.

• Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.45-65
• /
• 2002

A constitutive model on oorthotropic thermo-elasto-viscoplasticity for fiber-reinforced composite materials Is illustrated, and their thermomechanical responses are predicted with the fully-coupled finite element formulation. The unmixing-mixing scheme can be adopted with the multipartite matrix method as the constitutive model. Basic assumptions based upon the composite micromechanics are postulated, and the strain components of thermal expansion due to temperature change are included In the formulation. Also. more than two sets of mechanical variables, which represent the deformation states of multipartite matrix can be introduced arbitrarily. In particular, the unmixing-mixing scheme can be used with any well-known isotropic viscoplastic theory of the matrix material. The scheme unnecessitates the complex processes for developing an orthotropic viscoplastic theory. The governing equations based on fully-coupled thermomechanics are derived with constitutive arrangement by the unmixing-mixing concept. By considering some auxiliary conditions, the Initial-boundary value problem Is completely set up. As a tool of numerical analyses, the finite element method Is used with isoparametric Interpolation fer the displacement and the temperature fields. The equation of mutton and the energy conservation equation are spatially discretized, and then the time marching techniques such as the Newmark method and the Crank-Nicolson technique are applied. To solve the ultimate nonlinear simultaneous equations, a successive iteration algorithm is constructed with subincrementing technique. As a numerical study, a series of analyses are performed with the main focus on the thermomechanical coupling effect in composite materials. The progress of viscoplastic deformation, the stress-strain relation, and the temperature History are careful1y examined when composite laminates are subjected to repeated cyclic loading.

• Coupled systems mechanics
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.1-25
• /
• 2014

In this work, we present the theoretical formulation, operator split solution procedure and partitioned software development for the coupled thermomechanical systems. We consider the general case with nonlinear evolution for each sub-system (either mechanical or thermal) with dedicated time integration scheme for each sub-system. We provide the condition that guarantees the stability of such an operator split solution procedure for fully nonlinear evolution of coupled thermomechanical system. We show that the proposed solution procedure can accommodate different evolution time-scale for different sub-systems, and allow for different time steps for the corresponding integration scheme. We also show that such an approach is perfectly suitable for parallel computations. Several numerical simulations are presented in order to illustrate very satisfying performance of the proposed solution procedure and confirm the theoretical speed-up of parallel computations, which follow from the adequate choice of the time step for each sub-problem. This work confirms that one can make the most appropriate selection of the time step with respect to the characteristic time-scale, carry out the separate computations for each sub-system, and then enforce the coupling to preserve the stability of the operator split computations. The software development strategy of direct linking the (existing) codes for each sub-system via Component Template Library (CTL) is shown to be perfectly suitable for the proposed approach.

• Coupled systems mechanics
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.349-374
• /
• 2013

In this work we propose a novel procedure for direct computation of buckling loads for extreme mechanical or thermomechanical conditions. The procedure efficiency is built upon the von Karmann strain measure providing the special format of the tangent stiffness matrix, leading to a general linear eigenvalue problem for critical load multiplier estimates. The proposal is illustrated on a number of validation examples, along with more complex examples of interest for practical applications. The comparison is also made against a more complex computational procedure based upon the finite strain elasticity, as well as against a more refined model using the frame elements. All these results confirm a very satisfying performance of the proposed methodology.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제33권11호
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 2005

접촉 현상을 포함하는 완전 연계된 열기계학적 문제에 대한 정확하고 효율적인 해석을 위하여 부영역과 공유면에 근거한 유한요소 정식화 기법을 제안하였다. 부영역과 공유면을 결합하기 위한 등식 적합 조건을 벌칙 함수로 처리함으로써 모든 유효 강성 행렬이 양정치화되며, 역행렬과 같은 각종 수치 연산이 매우 간편하다. 또한 전체 구조 형상이 복잡하더라도 대상 영역을 임의의 부영역으로 분할한 후, 공유면에서의 절점 연속성 등을 고려하지 않고 각 부영역을 독립적으로 유한요소 모델링할 수 있다. 컴퓨터 코드의 개발 및 수치 예제의 해석을 통하여 본 기법에 대한 기본적인 특성을 확인하였다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.129-134
• /
• 2010

변형률-속도에 따른 형상기억합금의 열-기계적 특성 변화를 수치적으로 살펴보았다. 변형률 효과를 고려한 형상기억합금 수학 모델을 유도하였고, 해석 알고리즘을 ABAQUS 상용 프로그램에 적용하여 형상기억합금의 열-기계적 특성을 예측하였다. 마르텐사이트 상 변화량과 온도 변화사이의 연성된 열역학적 방정식을 적용하여, 변형률-속도에 따른 형상기억합금의 거동 특성을 살펴보았다. 변형률 효과를 고려함에 따라 형상기억합금의 의탄성 이력 특성이 크게 영향을 받음을 수치해석 결과를 통하여 알 수 있었다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제41권8호
• /
• pp.597-604
• /
• 2013

본 논문에서는 열분해 및 삭마 환경의 복합재 구조물에 대한 열기계적 연계 해석을 수행하였다. 열분해 과정의 재료 밀도 감소, 기공 가스 확산, 흡열 반응 에너지와 삭마 과정에서의 표면 침식 효과 등을 고려하였다. 상용 유한요소 코드에 교차 연계 알고리듬을 적용하여 완전 연계된 열 해석 및 구조 해석 인터페이스를 구성하였다. 수치 실험을 통해서 탄소/페놀릭 복합재료의 기본적인 열분해 및 삭마 특성을 분석하였다. 특히, 화학적 및 기계적 삭마에 영향을 미치는 주요 인자에 따른 표면 침식량 등을 비교하였다. 또한, 열분해 과정의 수축 또는 팽창 변형도가 재료의 열기계적 거동에 미치는 영향도 검토하였다.

• 접착 및 계면
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.68-74
• /
• 2017

에폭시 수지는 우수한 열적, 기계적, 화학적 성질로 인해 다양한 분야에서 널리 사용되고 있으며, 에폭시 수지의 기계적 물성을 향상시키기 위한 많은 소재와 함께 혼합하여 사용하고 있다. 에폭시 조성물의 경화 후 기계적 물성의 향상을 위해서 에폭시 수지에 다양한 소재를 혼합하는데, 나노소재중에서는 CNT가 가장 많이 사용되고 있다. 하지만 CNT는 제조 공정 및 제조 비용적인 측면에서 한계점이 있기 때문에 천연적으로 산출되는 HNT에 대한 관심이 모아지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 두 종류의 실란으로 각각 처리된 HNT가 함유된 에폭시 조성물의 열적 기계적 물성에 대해서 조사하였다. 실란처리 된 HNT를 다양한 함량으로 제조하여 에폭시 조성물에 첨가한 후 금형몰드에서 경화시키고 만능재료시험기를 이용하여 기계적 물성을 측정하였으며, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) thermomechanical Analysis (TMA) 등의 장비를 이용하여 다양한 열적 특성을 측정하였다. 위의 실험 결과, 두 종류의 실란 화합물 중 아민으로 HNT를 표면 처리하였을 경우, 이를 포함하는 에폭시 조성물의 인장강도가 에폭시 실란으로 처리된 HNT를 포함하는 에폭시 조성물 보다 높은 것을 보였다. 또한 치수 안정성 비교를 위한 thermomechanical analysis 실험에서 얻은 선형 열팽창계수는 아민계 실란으로 처리한 HNT 조성물이 65 ppm으로 처리하지 않은 HNT 보다 낮은 값을 갖는 것을 보였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.41-51
• /
• 1991

The thermomechanical coupling phenomena in the resistance welding process is complicated due to interactions of mechanical, thermal and electrical factors. Although experimental investigations of resistance spot welding have been carried out, but there are a few by computer simulation. so the purpose of this research is to decrease the time and cost much required in experimental investigation by carrying out the analysis of the resistance spot welding process through computer simulation based on the finite element method. The tool used in the computer simulation is the commercial ANSYS program package. A two dimensional axisymetric model is used to simulate the resistance spot welding for two stainless steel sheets of equal thickness and parametric study is carried out for variable welding current, workpieces of unequal thickness and dissimilar materials. The results from the computer simulation are in good agreement with the experimental one. Through these results, such items as stress distribution, temperature profiles, thermal expansion and weld nugget formation are predicted. Reliability and applicability of finite element models have been demonstrated to simulate and to analyze the resistance spot welding process.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
• /
• pp.396-401
• /
• 2008

The disc-pad brake system is an important part of automobile safety system. During braking, the kinetic energy and potential energies of a moving vehicle are converted into the thermal energy through frictional heat between the brake disc and the pads. Most of the thermal energy dissipated through the brake disc. The temperature could be exceed the critical value for a given material, which leads to undesirable effects, such as the brake fade, premature wear, brake fluid vaporization, bearing failure, thermal cracks, and thermallyexcited vibration. The object of the present study is to investigate temperature field and temperature variation of brake disc and pad during single brake. The brake disc is decelerated at the initial speed with constant acceleration, until the disc comes to stop. The pad-disc brake assembly is built by 3D model with the appropriate boundary condition. In the simulation process, the mechanical loads are applied to the thermomechanical coupling analysis in order to simulate the process of heat produced by friction.