• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.122-125
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• 2001

The objective of this research is to develop hybridized yarns for thermoplastic composites, and to examine tile effect of cooling rate on mechanical properties of the composites. The co-braided yarn utilizing carbon fibers as reinforcements and Nylon 66 fibers as matrix materials has been fabricated. Thermoplastic composites have been manufactured by the hot-press forming process. For the processing conditions, cooling rates of $-2.5^{\circ}C$/min and $-60^{\circ}C$/min have been considered. Three-point bending test and losipescu shear test were performed to investigate the effect of the cooling rate and the surface treatment of carbon fibers. SEM photographs were used to investigate the fracture surfaces of the tested samples. The cooling rate of $-60^{\circ}C$/min resulted in the higher strength and elastic modulus for bending and shear tests. The composites of the epoxy-sized carbon fibers showed the lowest strength due to the degradation of the sizing material during the thermoforming process.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.1106-1114
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• 1993

본 연구에서는우수한 섬유강화 고분자복합판의 제조 및 개량을 섬유구조의 분리. 배향의 관점에서 연구한다. 유리섬유매트는 유리섬유를 50mm의 길이로 균일하 게 절단하여 공기중에서 분산시켜 6~7mm두께로 만들고,이 유리섬유매트를 바늘의 종류와 스트레칭 횟수에 따라 니들펀칭하여 유리섬유의 매트구조를 변화시킨다. 유리 섬유의 매트구조 별로 모재와 적층시킨 다음 열압축프레스를 사용하여 1차로 시이트를 제작하고, 이 제작된 시이트를 가열로로 가열하여 2차 고온압축 프레스성형한다. 이 때 섬유와 모재의 분리 및 배향의 상관관계를 나타내는 상관계수를 구하고, 이 계수에 미치는 매트 구조의 영향에 대한 실험결과를 보고한다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.849-856
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• 2006

In this paper, fabric composite draping on hemisphere moulds were studied to find out the deformation behaviour of micro-tow structures of fabrics during draping and thermoforming. Aluminium and PVC foams were used to fabricate the hemisphere moulds for draping tests. In order to observe the local tow deformation pattern during the draping several specimens for microscopic observation were sectioned from the draped hemisphere structures. The effect of forming condition and mould properties on tow deformation was investigated by the microscopic observation of the tow parameters such as crimp angle. Normalization scheme was performed to compare tow parameter variations with different forming conditions. Stress-strain .elations of two different PVC foams (HT70 and HT110) were tested to investigate the effect of foam property on the micro-tow deformation during forming.

• Composites Research
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2002

To study numerically the mechanical behaviors of advanced composite materials considering the microscopic phenomena as well as the macroscopic properties and behaviors, a multi-scale modeling and analysis by the mathematical homogenization method with the help of the finite element method(FEM) are reviewed. The hierarchical modeling strategy and the formulation are briefly described first to give some idea of the multi-scale framework. The latter half of this article focuses on the verification of the multi-scale analysis by the homogenization method in its applications to real advanced materials. The first example is the verification of the predicted macroscopic(homogenized) properties based on the microstructure of porous ceramics. In spite of the complexity of the random microstructure, the error between the predicted and the measured values was only 1%. Next, two applications to the process simulation of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites are presented. The permeability characteristics are evaluated for sheared weave fabrics for resin transfer molding(RTM) simulation, and the thermoforming of FRTP sheet is analyzed considering the large deformation of the knit structure during the deep-draw forming was verified by comparison with the experimental results.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.663-666
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• 2002

Originally, the thermoforming method has been developed to produce the plastic parts which have simple geometric characteristics such as door trims and wrapping materials within the short time. But the thermoformed parts have non-uniform thickness distributions over the surface according to the material characteristics, set-up angle and geometry of the parts. But, only few analysis methods have been developed so far, due to the difficulties of the selection of important factors, and contribution of each factor in the simulation. So, to guarantee the dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties of crucial points in the thermoformed parts, it is necessary to develop the thickness prediction method. This research suggests a new approaching methodology to predict the thermoformed parts by modulating the control points of the NURBS curve. The newly developed method makes it possible not only to choose the suitable thickness of polymer sheets but also to induce data modification for vacuum forming.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2021

In molding of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites, it is very difficult to impregnate between the reinforcements and the matrix since the matrix has a high melting temperature and high viscosity. Therefore, most of composite molding processes are divided in the manufacturing processes of intermediate materials called prepreg and the forming of products from intermediate materials. The divided process requires additional facilities and thermoforming, and they increase the cycle time and cost of composite products. These problems can be resolved by combining the continuous fiber-reinforced composite molding process with injection molding. However, when a composite material is manufactured by inserting woven fabric into the injection mold, poor impregnation occurs on the surface of the molded product. It affects the properties of the composites. In this paper, through an impregnation experiment using cores with different heat transfer rates and pore densities, the reason for the poor impregnation was confirmed, and molding experiments were conducted to produce composite with improved surface impregnation by inserting the mesh. And also, the surface impregnation and deformation of composites molded using different types of mesh were compared with each other.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2012

The optical diffuser for direct-lit LED backlight unit was prepared by using extrusion compounding followed by thermoforming process. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with superior optical characteristics and polycarbonate (PC) with good thermal property were used as base resins, and crosslinked polystyrene (PS) and PMMA beads as diffusing agents were incorporated into resin matrix to derive light scattering and diffusing action. In the compounded plate, the diffusing beads were observed to be dispersed uniformly and distinctly in the continuous phase. The inclusion of polymeric beads up to 3 wt% substantially enhanced the optical characteristics such as luminance, luminance uniformity, haze for the diffuser. Two different diffusers of PC and PMMA-based compound with various compositions were compared in terms of measured optical, thermal, and mechanical properties, which would be expected to be utilized for the industrial application of LED backlight unit.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2020

최근 의료기관에서 친환경 재료로 제작된 방사선 차폐시트를 많이 사용하고 있다. 차폐시트는 폴리머 소재에 차폐물질을 혼입하여 열성형으로 고형적인 형태로 가공된다. 베이스는 수지 계열로 인장강도에는 한계가 있으며, 이를 위해 표면에 부직포 등의 섬유를 합포하여 사용하고 있다. 차폐시트 공정 기술은 차폐성능을 높이고자 차폐물질의 함유량을 높이면 인장강도가 급격히 떨어지는 문제점을 제시하고 있다. 이를 개선하고자 본 연구에서는 차폐시트에 섬유를 Binding하는 방식과 부직포에 소량의 차폐물질인 텅스텐을 함유하여 적층구조로 Laminating방식을 기본 폴리머 형태로 Compression molding방식 세 가지 종류의 차폐시트를 제조하여 동일한 차폐 물질량을 기준으로 차폐성능과 인장 강도를 비교 평가하였다. 세 종류 차폐시트의 비교에서 섬유 코팅 시트와 압착 방식의 시트는 차폐성능 차이는 5%정도이며, 인장강도는 65MPa에서 280MPa로 큰 차이가 나타났다. 적층구조의 차폐시트는 차폐 성능도 차이가 있었으며, 인장강도도 기준의 4배로 증가하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2018

Infrared(IR) heating has many advantages, such as energy efficiency, reduced heating time, cleanliness, equipment compactness, high drying rate and easy automation. These features of IR heating provide widely industrial applications, such as surface heat treatment in semiconductor fabrication, thermoforming of polymers, drying and disinfection of food products, heating to metal forging, and drying of wet materials. In this study, the characteristics of a protected gold mirror were examined by spectrophotometer and the lifetime of the coating layers were evaluated by a cross-cutting method and salt spray test. The effects of manufacturing conditions on the protected gold mirror were seen and remedies for these effects were noted in order to improve the properties of the protected gold mirror in the drying process. The reflectance and lifetime of the protected gold mirror was influenced by manufacturing conditions, such as surface roughness and forming conditions of the anti-oxide layer, the adhesion layer, the reflecting layer and the protection layer. The results of this study showed that the protected gold mirror manufactured using a buffing method for pre-treatment resulted in the most effective reflectance. In addition, $Al_2O_3$ coating on an Al substrate as an anti-oxide layer was more effective than the anodizing process in the test of reflectance. Furthermore, the protected gold mirror manufactured by layers forming of various materials resulted in the most effective reflectance and lifetime when coated with $Al_2O_3$ as the anti-oxide layer, coated Cr as the adhesion layer, and coated $MgF_2$ as the protection layer.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제38권7호
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• pp.771-777
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• 2014

자동차용 도어그립을 대상으로 하여 3 차원 엠보 패턴이 인쇄된 필름을 적용한 인서트성형을 구현하기 위하여 사출압축성형을 사용하였다. 진공금형을 제작하여 필름 열성형을 하였으며, 필름인서트성형을 위하여 사출압축금형을 개발하였다. 3 개의 압력센서를 설치하여 금형 캐비티압력을 측정하였으며, 다양한 압축스트로크와 토글속도에 대한 사출압축성형 실험을 수행하여, 공정조건이 캐비티 압력과 엠보 패턴의 높이에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 압축스트로크 0.9mm와 느린 토글속도에서 엠보 패턴의 유지율이 높게 나타났다. 또한 엠보패턴이 최대 높이를 갖기 위한 공정조건은 캐비티 압력의 적분값이 최소가 되는 조건과 거의 동일하였다. 사출압축성형을 사용하여 엠보 패턴이 인쇄된 소프트한 촉감을 갖는 플라스틱 제품을 구현할 수 있다.