• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.34-42
• /
• 2016

The organic Rankine cycle (ORC) has been used to convert thermal energy to mechanical energy or electricity. The available thermal energy could be waste heat, solar energy, geothermal energy, and so on. However, these kinds of thermal energies cannot be provided continuously. Hence, the ORC can be operated at the off-design point. In this case, the performance of the ORC could be worse because the components of the ORC system designed based on a design point can be mismatched with the output power obtained at the off-design point. In order to improve the performance at the off-design point, a few components were replaced including generator, bearing, load bank, shaft, pump and so on. Experiments were performed on the same facility without including other losses in the experiment. The experimental results were compared with the results obtained with the previous model, and they showed that the system efficiency of the ORC was greatly affected by the losses occurred on the components.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제20권12호
• /
• pp.663-670
• /
• 2019

터빈 사이클 보정 열 성능 분석은 발전소의 현재 성능을 결정하고 향상된 경제성 운전을 위해 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 신뢰성있는 성능 분석을 위해서 산업 표준인 ASME(American Society of Mechanical Engineers) PTC(Performance Test Code)를 기본으로 성능 분석에서 우선적으로 중요하게 적용되는 주급수 유량을 대상으로 영역별 판정 알고리즘을 개발하고 각 영역별로 현재의 터빈 사이클 성능을 추정하는 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 추정 알고리즘은 측정 상태량의 상관 관계를 기반으로 영역별로 형상 분류를 제시하고, 이를 기반으로 커널 회귀 모델을 이용하여 학습된 추정 모델을 구성하였으며, 커널 회귀 모델링의 우수성을 검증하기 위하여 신경 회로망 모델의 학습 결과와 비교하였다. 주급수 유량의 형상 특성에 따른 분류 및 추정 모델은 터빈 사이클에서 정확한 보정 열 성능 분석을 제공함으로써 성능 분석의 신뢰도를 증가시킬 수 있었으며 다른 성능 결정 변수에 대한 학습 및 검증 모델로 사용될 수 있다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
• /
• pp.2206-2210
• /
• 2007

As a power transmission line supplying power to a densely populated city, the high temperature superconducting (HTS) cable is expected to one of the most effective cables with a compact size because of its high current density. The verification of HTS power cable system have been progressed by KEPRI. A cooling system for a 3-phase 100m HTS power cable with 22.9kV/1.25kA was installed and tested at KEPCO's Gochang power testing center in Korea. The system consists of a liquid nitrogen decompression cooling system with a cooling capacity of 3kW and a closed circulation system of subcooled liquid nitrogen. Several performance tests of the cable system with respect to the cooling such as cooling capacity, heat load and temperature stability, were performed at several temperatures. Thermal cycle test, cool-down to liquid nitrogen temperature and warm-up to room temperature, was also performed to investigate thermal cycle influences. The outline of the installed cooling system and performance test results are presented in this paper.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.357-364
• /
• 2022

The safety of a KTC-360 transport cask, a large-capacity pressurized heavy-water reactor transport cask that transports CANDU spent nuclear fuel discharged from the reactor after burning in a pressurized heavy-water reactor, must be demonstrated under the normal transport and accident conditions specified under transport cask regulations. To confirm the thermal integrity of this cask under normal transport and accident conditions, high-temperature and fire tests were performed using a one-third slice model of an actual KTC-360 cask. The results revealed that the surface temperature of the cask was 62℃, indicating that such casks must be transported separately. The highest temperature of the CANDU spent nuclear fuel was predicted to be lower than the melting temperature of Zircaloy-4, which was the sheath material used. Therefore, if normal operating conditions are applied, the thermal integrity of a KTC-360 cask can be maintained under normal transport conditions. The fire test revealed that the maximum temperatures of the structural materials, stainless steel, and carbon steel were 446℃ lower than the permitted maximum temperatures, proving the thermal integrity of the cask under fire accident conditions.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제35권7호
• /
• pp.799-804
• /
• 2011

본 논문에서는 칩저항을 실장하는 솔더에 대한 온도사이클 시험을 수행하고, 그 결과로부터 고장 예지 실현을 위한 열하중에서의 솔더실장의 고장메커니즘을 연구하였다. 시험 중 솔더의 고장을 모니터링하기 위하여 실장된 칩저항 양단간의 저항 변화를 데이터 측정기로 실시간 관찰하였다. 관찰 데이터로부터 솔더의 크랙 진전 중과 크랙 진전 완료 시점의 고장 메커니즘을 제시하였다. 제시된 고장 메커니즘을 유한요소법으로 검증하여 솔더의 크랙이 진전 중에는 저온조건에서 크랙이 열리고 저항이 증가하며, 크랙의 진전이 완료된 후에는 고온조건에서 크랙이 열리고 저항이 증가하는 조건으로 바뀜을 보였다. 이런 결과에 기반하여 온도 사이클에서 저항측정을 통해 칩저항 실장 솔더의 고장예지가 가능함을 제시하였다.

• 오토저널
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.49-57
• /
• 1981

A cycle simulation of 4 cycle spark ignition engine using methanol-water blend as a fuel has been developed for study of prediction of power, specific fuel consumption, mean effective pressure and thermal efficiency. One-dimensional flow model for intake process and thermodynamic model for combustion process were selected. After, performance test was made with conventional engine which was modified in consideration of fuel properties. And computational results by simulation have been compared with experimental results. As the agreement between computational and experimental results was good, prediction of engine performance by was possible.

• 오토저널
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.55-67
• /
• 1993

In this study, the thermal behavior characteristics of the cylinder block of a small 3-cylinder, 4-stroke gasoline engine were analyzed, using the 3-dimensional finite element method. Before numerical analyses were conducted, the performance test and the heat transfer experiment of the engine were carried out in order to prepare the input data for the computations. Engine cycle simulation was performed to obtain the heat transfer coefficient and the temperature of the gas and the mean heat transfer coefficient of coolant. Temperature fields as a result of steady-state heat transfer were obtained and compared with experimental results measured at specific points of the inner and the outer walls of the cylinder block. The thermal stress and deformation characteristics resulting from the nonuniform temperature distributions of the block were investigated. The effects of the thermal behaviors of the cylinder block on the engine operations and the unfavourable aspects of excessive thermal loading were examined on the basis of the calculated results.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.403-410
• /
• 2020

본 논문은 포항지역 태양광 데이터를 기반으로 태양열을 적용시켜 12kW의 소형 초임계 이산화탄소(s-CO₂) 시험 루프의 설계와 실험 시설의 이론적 연구, 안정화 및 최적화를 통한 이산화탄소의 특성 연구에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 실험 시설의 열역학 사이클은 구성 요소의 한계로 인해 액체, 가스 및 초임계 CO₂가 모두 존재하는 랭킨 사이클(임계점 순환 주기)이며, 펌프, 히터, 레귤레이터, 열교환기, 가스 부스터, 에어 컴프레서 등으로 구성된다. 현재 본 연구에서 제작된 12kW 소형 발전 시스템은 최고압력 12MPa 최고 온도 70℃의 조건에서 6.98%의 효율이 나타나도록 설계되었다. 본 실험 장치를 소형 Brayton cycle과 비교했을 때 약 2% 높은 효율을 가진다는 것을 이론적으로 확인하였고, 사이클 효율을 높이기 위해 최적의 터빈 입구 온도와 압력을 얻었으며, 이 조건에서 IHX(내부 열교환기)의 도입시 18.75%의 최대 효율을 기대할 수 있다는 결론을 도출하였다. 마지막으로, 실험 설비의 태양광 시뮬레이션 결과 5월에는 6.7%, 6월에는 6.26%의 효율로 태양열을 이용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.306-314
• /
• 2018

차세대 중형위성에 탑재되는 2축 짐벌형 X-밴드 안테나는 대용량 영상정보 송신 안테나로, 위성의 자세와 궤도 운동과 무관하게 자세 및 안테나 지향각에 따라 방위각 축과 고각축이 동시에 회전 구동하여 지상안테나를 지향하게 된다. 상기 안테나는 위성체 외부에 극심한 온도차를 보이는 궤도 열환경에 노출되며, 안테나 및 주요 구성품이 허용온도 범위 내를 유지할 수 있도록 열설계를 해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 2축 짐벌형 X-밴드 안테나의 열설계 유효성을 해석적으로 요구조건을 만족함을 확인하였으며, 시스템 열진공 시험 조건해석 및 궤도 운용조건에서의 열해석을 수행하여 히터 용량 및 듀티 사이클을 도출하였다. 아울러, 상기 안테나의 핵심 주요 구성품에 대한 허용온도 요구조건 충족 여부를 확인하였다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제37권5호
• /
• pp.597-606
• /
• 1999

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of aging and thermal cycling on the biaxial flexure strength of low commercially available veneering resin composites for crown(Dentacolor : DC, Artglass : AG, Esternia : ET and Targis : TG). Disc specimens were fabricated in a teflon mold giving 12mm in diameter and 1mm in thickness. All samples were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 was dried in a dessicator at $25^{\circ}C$ for 30 days. Group 2 was immersed in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$ for 30 days. Group 3 was immersed in distilled water at $65^{\circ}C$ for 30 days. Group 4 was subjected to 10,000 thermal cycles between $5^{\circ}C\;and\;55^{\circ}C$, and the immersion time in each bath was 15 seconds per cycle. Biaxial flexure test was conducted using the ball-on-three-ball method at the cross head speed of 0.5mm/min and fracture surfaces were observed with scanning electoron microscope. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. Weibull modulus values, except for the AG group, decreased after thermal cycling treatment. 2. Biaxial flexure strength values of aging group at $37^{\circ}C$ were the lowest in all sample groups. Except for the DC group, strength values were significantly decreased for the drying group. 3. After thermal cycling test, the highest value of biaxial flexure strength of 188.8 MPa was observed in the ET group and the lowest value of 73.2 MPa was observed in the DC group. The strength values showed the significant differences in each group (p<0.05). 4. Observation of surfaces after thermal cycling test revealed the ditching in the part of surrounding large fillers.