• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.38-56
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• 1998

We are faced with the crisis of the R&D investment because of the effects of the IMF conditions. Most of the laboratories are going to restructure by the cutting off of money, man power and the reduction of R&D thema. Therefore it is necessary to allocate the R&D resources effectively to the R&D projects. The evaluation and the selection of the R&D projects have been recognized as the most important process for the allocation of the R&D resources. The result of the KITA(1997) shows that the commercial success rate of the R&D from new-product brain storming is only 5.8%. This study aims to analyze the actual conditions of the cost benefit analysis(CBA) of R&D projects of selected laboratories and to study measure methods of the R&D benefits. The research method of this study reviews the CBA of R&D firstly, and surveys 200 selected high ranking labs of the R&D expenditures. For the comparison of the results between '87 and '97, this survey used the same questionaries for each year. As the result of the survey only 27 labs(response rate 13.5%) responded. The result of the '97 survey is as follows : The CBA is used by 44% of responding labs. The economic evaluation method for the R&D project selection is used by 48% of labs and this numbers increased by over 10 percents points compared with the result of '87. The CBA is used for about 40% about each of the budget preparing and the budget analysis, and by 30% of labs to analyze sales and expenditures of the overall period of the project. As the measurement of benefits of R&D projects, 30% of labs responded that it is impossible to measure the benefits, and 20% of labs measured the benefits between sales and expenditures of the R&D project.

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.10
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• pp.155-174
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• 2004

Wir $k\"{o}nnen$ die $Ged\"{a}chtnisforschungen$ mit Fremdsprachenlernen $verkn\"{u}pfen$. Ein Lernprozess ist gerade einer vom $Ged\"{a}chtnisprozess$. $F\"{u}r$ einen erfolgreichen Fremdsprachenunterricht ist es $n\"{o}tig$, dass beim Lernprozess ein Sprachwissen vom deklarativen $Ged\"{a}chtnis$ ins prozeduale $Ged\"{a}chtnis$ $\"{u}bertragen$ wird. Aber ein Lernerfolg ist je nach dem Individiuum anders. d.h. der unterschiedliche Lerneffekt zwischen Lemenden $h\"{a}ngt$ eventuelle von $pers\"{o}nlichen$ Erfahrung und von dem episodischen $Ged\"{a}chtnis$. Beim Lernprozess muss Sprachwissen vom deklarativen $Ged\"{a}chtnis$ zum prozedualen $Ged\"{a}chtnis$ $\"{u}bertragen$ werden, um Fremdsprachen zu beherrschen. Inzwischen spielen implizites $Ged\"{a}chtnis$ und episodisches $Ged\"{a}chnis$ wichtig Rolle beim $\"{U}bertragungsprozess$. $Daf\"{u}r$ zeigen wir Lernstrategie der Tempusverwendung in Bezug auf die $Ged\"{a}chtnisforschung$. Mit welchem Tempus will man seine Intention im Text $ausdr\"{u}cken$? $Daf\"{u}r$ zeigen wir ein einfaches Spiel $f\"{u}r$ den Fremdsprachenunterricht. Das ist das Spiel zur Strategie der Tempusverwendung bei der Textproduktion $f\"{u}r$ das reportiv-orientierte Thema. Unsere Untersuchung der Tempera kann besonders im Fremdsprachenunterricht dizu beitragen, dass der Lernende als Produzent einerseits unter Berucksichtigung der Textsorte, der zeitlichen Orientierung des Theams und der Sprecherabsicht bei der Textproduktion die Tempera ohne $Z\"{o}gern$ $ausw\"{a}hlen$ und benutzen kann und dass der Lernende als Rezipient auch durch das Erlernen der verschiedenen Funktionen der Tempera versteckte Absichten des Produzenten richtig verstehen kann. Unsere Untersuchung kann in diesem Sinne hinsichtlich der Tempusfunktion bei der erfolgreichen Erweiterung der kommunikativen $F\"{a}higkeiten$ im Unterricht behilflich sein.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.555-566
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• 2018

Human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) are used in tissue repair and regeneration; however, the mechanisms involved are not well understood. We investigated the hair growth-promoting effects of hUCB-MSCs treatment to determine whether hUCB-MSCs enhance the promotion of hair growth. Furthermore, we attempted to identify the factors responsible for hair growth. The effects of hUCB-MSCs on hair growth were investigated in vivo, and hUCB-MSCs advanced anagen onset and hair follicle neogeneration. We found that hUCB-MSCs co-culture increased the viability and up-regulated hair induction-related proteins of human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) in vitro. A growth factor antibody array revealed that secretory factors from hUCB-MSCs are related to hair growth. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were increased in co-culture medium. Finally, we found that IGFBP-1, through the co-localization of an IGF-1 and IGFBP-1, had positive effects on cell viability; VEGF secretion; expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), CD133, and ${\beta}-catenin$; and formation of hDPCs 3D spheroids. Taken together, these data suggest that hUCB-MSCs promote hair growth via a paracrine mechanism.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.5251-5259
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• 2013

This study aims to make sustainable and future-oriented eco-archipelagic city through developed trend of analysis physical design method and correlation analysis between design method and development purpose for archipelagic development. First, EU cases had variety developed thema and identity such as science city, leisure and resort city, commercial city, ecology city in environmental theory aspects but, Korean cases have plenty of problems such as focused development of leisure and resort city for fund profit, imperfected native people's developed knowledge learning and understanding and figure out that they will not make to the sustainable development for islands of archipelagic. Second, as a in-depth analysis, the application of methods and developed trend were figured out by correlation analysis between physical design methods and development purpose through result(physical design methods) of case studies. As a result, contents and design methods from development purposes have to develop by multilateral aspects and also, native resident will have to require infrastructure expansion about service contents for smooth communication and sustainable information sharing.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.47-58
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyses the main factors of research papers for related with home physical therapy. This study was retrospective descriptive study, the period of data collection was from 1991 to 2011. The data was collected by the journal related in physical therapy, the dissertation of academic degree, National Assembly Library and the web-site for academic information. In the web-site, searched with the keyword 'home physical therapy' and 'after school voucher'. The results were as follows; 1. In the home physical therapy, visiting physical therapy, school physical therapy, there were different based on laws; home physical therapy was based on medical law, visiting physical therapy was based on law for community health and law for long term health insurance, school physical therapy was based on special education law. 2. The summary of research title/thema from 1991 to 2011 was as follows; for the home and visiting physical therapy 'the needs and necessity of home and visiting physical therapy' was 18 papers, 'the contents of service of home and visiting physical therapy' was 18 papers, 'program and skill development' was 16 papers, 'system developing and induction strategy of home and visiting physical therapy 'was 15 papers, 'costs of nome and visiting physical therapy' was 2 papers, 'perception and information of home and visiting physical therapy' was 9 papers, 'Recoding system and administration management' was 9 papers, 'the others 'was 14 papers, for the school physical therapy 'after school voucher system' was 9 papers, the others was 4 papers. The total papers was 114 papers. 3. Finally suggested 'Model of Educational Program for HomeVisiting and School Physical Therapy'.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.159-166
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to present and identify the relationship for the effects of performance-based human resource practices on the organizational effectiveness with focusing on small and medium-sized enterprises around Shandong province of China. The performance-based human resource practice factors include selective employment system, education training system, evaluation system, compensation system and the career promotion ladder opportunity system. As a result, among ten hypotheses, six hypotheses turned out to be the meaningful approaches. In addition there exist some human factors that interfere with the fairness of the evaluation due to the regional and personal factors, assessment system difference among firms. Finally the compensation system and organizational investment for increasing or decreasing will critically affect the enthusiasm of the staff members of firms, and the less invested for thema, the greater the likelihood of their turnovers.

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.5
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• pp.359-374
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• 2002

Die graphische Markierung der $Vokalquantit\"{a}t$ im Deutschen gilt als komplex und schwerlembar. Die Gemination von Konsonantbuchstaben gehort auch zu den $auff\"{a}lligsten$ Erscheinungen der deutschen Orthographie. Da hierzu verschiedene Mittel eingesetzt werden. In der Mehrzahl der $F\"{a}lle\;bleibt\;die\;Vokalquantit\"{a}t$ unbezeichnet, $Vokall\"{a}nge$ e, a, o durch Doppelvokal, bei i durch oder generell durch Dehnungs -h markiert. Das Thema ist insbesondere seit Mitte der 80er Jahre immer wieder behandelt worden und zwar unter linguistischen wie didaktischen, unter psycholinguistischen Wie schrifttheoretischen Gesichtspunkten. $Zun\"{a}chst$ versucht man, die Regelhaftigkeit der $Qunatit\"{a}tsbezeichnungen\;aus\;der\;Ber\"{u}cksichtigung$ phonotaktischer Gegebenheiten zu $begr\"{u}nden$. Und um im Datail zu untersuchen, $w\"{a}hlt$ man einen Teilaspekt der Thematik aus, die $Vokalk\"{u}rze$ und ihre Bezeichnung durch die Doppelkonsonanzschreibung: 1) der akzentbasierte Ansatz und 2) der phonembasierte Ansatz. Beide $Ans\"{a}tze$ haben gemeinsam, dass sie zwar den Datenbereich im $gro{\ss}en$ und ganzen und ganz recht gut abdecken, aber von einer Beschreibung nicht weiner $Erkl\"{a}rung$ der Wortschreibung $versto{\ss}en.\;W\"{u}nschenswert$ ist daher ein Beschreibungsansatz $f\"{u}r$ die Konsonantenverdoppelung, der zum einen sowohl die Phonem- als auch die Akzentstruktur einbezieht, Will anderen die Auswirkungen der verschiedenen Schreibungen auf den Leseprozess ins Auge fasst.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.10-18
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• 1995

Recycling of GaAs scrap which occurs durmg the manufachre of GaAs waters is. therefore, required to solve the environmentalproblcrns caused by arsenic metal and to reutilize gallium which is a expensive metal. A thema-analyticalstudy (thermogravimeg. and derivative thermogravimetry) tor the evaporation behavior of Fa, As from Gak\ulcorner scrap powdersat vacuum atmosphere(2-2.5X 10'mmHg); was primarily performed to identi j the possibility of Ga extraction. Until79YC, the weight change of G d s porvder does not take place, at 800-970C range GaAs vaporizes as the GaAs compound,and over 1WO"C it decamposes mto Ga and As md then As vaporizes rapidly as a result of the difference af vaporprcssure for Ga and As, liquid Ga rcmains eventually.mains eventually.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.118-137
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• 2019

Purpose - As global trade disputes intensify and global trade uncertainty increases due to the prevailing trade protectionism all over the world, mega-FTAs such as the RCEP and CPTPP are suggested as strategic trade policy options for export-driven small open economies, such as Korea. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of Korea's mega-FTA participation and the induced implications for the Korean economy. Design/methodology - We use a multi-region, multi-sector global CGE model, and investigate the different effects of both the US-China and US-EU trade wars on the relative changes in GDP, welfare, and trade under different trade policy regimes; (i) Korea does not participate in any mega-FTA, (ii) Korea participates in the RCEP, and (iii) Korea participates in the CPTPP. Findings - We show, among others, that though industrial effects might be largely varied, the overall enlarging of free trade zones through multilateral mega-FTA participation may contribute significantly to the macroeconomic soundness and stability of Korea, even when global trade protectionism prevails. Under RCEP and CPTPP trade regimes, Korea's GDP may increase even when the global trade environment deteriorates as trade wars occur and intensify between the US and China, or between the US and EU. It is also estimated that RCEP participation increases Korea's GDP, welfare (measured in equivalent variation), and total trade by 1.12%, $1.09 billion, and 2.54%, respectively, while CPTPP participation increases them by 0.19%, $0.92 billion, and 0.13%, respectively. Originality/value - Existing studies usually focus on the direct impacts of mega-FTA participation on macroeconomic variables such as GDP, welfare, and trade, and do not consider the possible buffer effects of a mega-FTA when the global trade environment worsens. In this paper, we analyze and quantify not only the direct impacts of RCEP and CPTPP on the main macroeconomic variables but also the possible buffer effects of the RCEP and CPTPP in the cases of the US-China and US-EU trade wars.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.1478-1481
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• 2010

기존의 테마파크에 RFID를 이용하면 보다 편리하게 출입관리를 할 수 있고, 카드 한 장으로 테마파크 내에서 결제부터 부대시설과 서비스까지 이용할 수 있다. 이러한 모델은 이미 서브원 곤지암리조트 스키장과 캐리비언베이 워터파크 등 에서 도입하여 사용하고 있다[1][2]. 그러나 RFID를 이용한 유비쿼터스 모델들의 공통적인 단점은 RFID 카드 사용에 대한 피드백을 받을 수 없다는 것이다. 다시 말해서 RFID 카드에 대한 정보를 사용자는 모르기 때문에 자신이 RFID 카드로 무엇을 얼마나 결제했는지, 어떠한 서비스를 사용했는지 다시 확인할 수 없다는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 기존의 시스템에 스마트폰을 이용하여 사용자와 테마파크를 유기적으로 연결시켜줌으로써, 스마트폰을 통해 자신의 결제정보, 서비스 이용내역 등을 실시간으로 확인 가능할 수 있는 u-테마파크 모델을 제시한다. u-테마파크 모델을 이용하면 스마트폰을 통해 부대시설(놀이공원의 놀이기구, 스키장의 리프트 등)의 대기시간을 실시간으로 확인할 수 있고, RFID 카드를 소지한 일행의 위치를 찾을 수 있으며, 테마파크의 모든 이용객들과 정보를 교환할 수 있는 SNS(Social Network Service)등의 새로운 서비스를 제공할 수 있다. 테마파크 측에서는 실시간으로 취합되는 고객정보를 이용하여 이용률이 떨어지는 고객들의 특징을 파악해 해당 고객들에게 맞는 서비스를 제공하고 맞춤 마케팅을 하는 등의 체계적인 관리를 할 수 있어 다양한 마케팅과 새로운 서비스 제공이 가능하다는 이점이 있다.