• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.142-148
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• 1999

확장된 Born 근사법에 의한 반무한 공간에서의 전자탐사(EM) 3차원 모형반응 알고리듬을 개발하였다. 이 근사법의 정확성을 검토하기 위하여 수직 자기쌍극자(VMD, vertical magnetic dipole)원을 사용하여 자기장의 수평 및 수직성분에 대한 확장된 Born 근사법의 결과를 적분방정식법의 결과와 비교하였다. 그 결과 확장된 Born 근사법과 적분방정식법은 송신원의 주파수가 20 kHz보다 작고 전도도비가 1:10이하에서 정확한 결과를 보였다. 이보다 더 큰 전도도비를 갖는 경우 확장된 Born 근사법의 결과는 적분방정식법의 결과와 약간의 차이를 나타낸다. 따라서, 확장된 Born 근사법의 정확한 결과를 얻기 위해서는 전도도비가 1:10보다 작은 범위에 있어야 한다. 그러나 20 kHz부터 100 kHz의 송신원의 주파수 범위에서는 두 값의 차가 비교적 작기 때문에 확장된 Born 근사법은 EM 3차원 모형반응 알고리듬으로 사용 가능한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 2007년도 동계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.319-320
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• 2007

• Journal of health informatics and statistics
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.255-266
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• 2018

Objectives: This study compared the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight between native-born and foreign-born women. Methods: By Using the birth registration data, every woman who gave birth between 2010 and 2016 in Korea was included in the analysis. Duration from marriage to pregnancy was measured by month and multiple socioeconomic and demographic characteristics were controlled. Preterm birth (<37 weeks) and low birth weight (<2.5 kg) were used for outcome variables. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used for data analysis with Stata. Results: The risks of preterm birth and low birth weight for native-born and foreign-born women differed according to the duration of marriage or birth order. For the first infant, foreign-born women were more likely to have pereterm birth or low birth weight than the native-born in the early stage of marriage but nativeborn women had higher risks than the foreign-born in the middle and later stage of marriage. For the second infant, foreign-born women were less likely to have pereterm birth or low birth weight than the native-born regardless of the duration of marriage. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrates that the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight for foreign-born women is concentrated on the early stage of marriage. Institutional and cultural supports should be given to foreign-born women to help their early settlement in the Korean society.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1475-1478
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• 2005

Statistical analysis was conducted on sow stillbirth traits of three genotypes with 2,400 litters including the Erhualian, Large White and the $F_1$ cross of these two breeds. Number of stillborn piglets per litter in the Erhualian, Large White and the $F_1$ averaged 0.85, 0.31 and 0.70, and percentage born alive averaged 95.0%, 97.0% and 95.5%, respectively. Erhualian sows with a greater litter size also had a higher stillbirth rate. Results of analysis of variance indicated that genotype, parity, farrowing year${\times}$farrowing season interaction and total number born had highly significant effects on both number of stillborn piglets per litter and percentage born alive in sows (p<0.0001). Farrowing year had no significant effect on number of stillborn piglets per litter (p>0.05), and highly significant effect on percentage born alive (p<0.01). Farrowing season had highly significant effects on both number of stillborn piglets per litter and percentage born alive (p<0.01). From parity one to parity ten, least squares means for number of stillborn piglets per litter progressively increased with increasing parity and least squares means for percentage born alive progressively decreased with increasing parity. Sows that farrowed in winter had the highest number of stillborn piglets per litter and the lowest percentage born alive, sows that farrowed in autumn had the lowest number of stillborn piglets per litter and the highest percentage born alive. With increasing total number born, least squares means for number of stillborn piglets per litter markedly increased and least squares means for percentage born alive markedly decreased. Results from analysis of paternal half sibs indicated that the heritabilities for number of stillborn piglets per litter and percentage born alive were 0.110 and 0.124, and the genetic, phenotypic and environmental correlations between them were -0.989, -0.951 and -0.948, respectively. These results indicated that number of stillborn piglets per litter and percentage born alive were traits with the similar genetic background.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.70-79
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• 2001

적분방정식법은 매우 강력한 3차원 전자탐사 모델링 기법이다. 그러나 이 방법은 이상체내의 전기장 계산시 대형 선형방정식의 해를 구해야 하므로 계산시간이 많이 소요된다는 단점이 있다. 특히 3차원 역산의 경우에는 이러한 적분방정식의 단점은 치명적이 될 수밖에 없다. 이상체내의 전기장을 1차장으로 가정하는 통상적인 Born 근사법은 계산이 용이하고 속도가 빠르다는 장점이 있다. 그러나 이 방법은 이상체와 모암간의 전기전도도비가 너무 클 경우에는 정확성에 문제가 있다. 준선형, 준해석 및 확장된 Born 근사는 이상체내의 전기장 계산을 위한 적분방정식을 선형화한 방법으로 적분방정식법에 비하여 계산시간이 빠르고 통상의 Born 근사에 비해서는 정확성이 높은 매우 훌릉한 3차원 전자탐사 모델링 기법이다. 그러나 이들 또한 근본적으로 근사법에 해당되므로 정확성을 향상시킬 필요가 있다. 근사법의 정확성을 높이기 위한 방법으로 반복적 방법을 사용하는 급수 전개법이 동원되며, 이 방법에는 수정 Born 급수, 준선형 급수 및 준해석 급수 등이 있다. 이들 급수 전개법은 적분방정식법 및 여러 근사법과 비교해 볼 때 매우 정확하고 비교적 빠르며, 항상 수렴하여 그 효율성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 급수 전개법은 전산프로그램의 작성이 용이하다는 장점도 있다. 본 연구에서는 이를 확장된 Born 급수 전개법으로 화장하여 보다 정확한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 따라서 확장된 Born 급수법을 포함하는 각종 급수 전개법은 향후 3차원 전자탐사 모델링 및 역산에 적용 가능한 빠르고 정확한 모델링 기법으로 기대된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 1970

For the purpose to clarify the effects of the mothers health during pregnancy on the weight and length of the newborn infants, this study was carried out on 500 new born infants delivered at St, Mary's Hospital, Ewha Woman's University Hospital and Red Cross Hospital in Seoul during the eight-month period from March, 1969 to October, 1969. In this study, the relationship between the T weight and length of the new born infants, and in each case, the weight, length, age, duration of labour, duration of pregnancy, weight gain during pregnancy and diets level during pregnancy of the mother were observed. The relationship between the weight and length of the new born infants and the parity n-as also observed. The results obtained in this study were as follows. 1. The weight of new born infants of both sexes was significantly correlated with the parity, the weight of the mother, and the duration of labour of the primipara. The weight of the mother and the duration of pregnancy were significantly correlated with the weight of the male new born infants only, and the weight of the new born infants and the weight gain of the mother during pregnancy were significantly correlated in the female new born infants. 2. In general, the weight of the new born infants of well or excellently nourished mothers were heavier than those of poorly nourished ones. 3. The length of the new born infants was significantly correlated mother the duration of labour in the primipara.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2012

2003년 KLIPS 자료를 사용하여 1954년부터 1973년에 태어난 임금근로자들에게 있어서 맏이(first-born)의 임금에 대한 효과를 추정하였다. 연령, 여성 등만을 사용한 절제된 임금함수로부터 추정된 맏이 효과는 7.3%였으며 교육연수 등 다양한 변수들이 추가되어도 이 추정계수는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었고 교육연수, 근속연수, 결혼 여부, 아버지의 교육연수, 형제자매 수, 건강 등을 통제하면서 추정된 맏이 효과도 7.6%로 거의 차이가 없었다. 임금근로자를 남자와 여자로 나누어서 추정하면 맏형의 임금이 남동생들의 임금에 비해 5.3~6.9% 높으며, 맏언니의 임금이 여동생들에 비해 8.8~9.9% 높은 것으로 추정되었다.

• 융합경영연구
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2021

Purpose: By foreshadowing the historical background and cultural influence of Korean food and economic development in China, this paper demonstrates Chinese market entry strategies taken by TheBorn with its company history and CEO's background. Research design, data and methodology: The eclectic paradigm was utilized to analyze ownership, localization, and internalization advantages for TheBorn's first entry into the Chinese market. The research answers how TheBorn could expand its business in the early 2000s while most were skeptical about the globalization of Korean food. Results: First, possessing various restaurant franchises, food patents, and developments, and media use enabled to achieve a strong ownership advantage. Second, the Chinese market is conveniently located in South Korea. Thus, TheBorn could exercise direct management to its overseas restaurant to maintain the food quality and service. Lastly, establishing a sauce manufacturing plant and its branch company accelerated further expansions to other Chinese cities. Conclusions: Based on those success factors, TheBorn extended its business into different cities in China and emerged as a franchisor giant in the Korean restaurant franchise industry.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.409-418
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• 2020

Objectives: This study conducted an age-period-cohort (APC) analysis of trends in healthy lifestyle behaviors in Japan. Methods: We used National Health and Nutrition Survey data on salt intake and prevalence of smoking, drinking, and physical activity between 1995 and 2018 in Japan. Age groups were defined from 20 years to 69 years old in 10-year increments. Cohorts were defined for each age group of each year with a 1-year shift, and cohorts born in 1926-1935 (first cohort) until 1989-1998 (last cohort) were examined. We conducted a Bayesian APC analysis, calculating estimated values for each behavior by age group, period, and cohort. Results: Estimated salt intake decreased from cohorts born in the 1930s to the 1960s, but increased thereafter in both genders, and the magnitude of increase was larger for men. Estimated smoking prevalence increased in the cohorts starting from the 1930s for men and the 1940s for women, and then decreased starting in the cohorts born in the 1970s for both genders. Although estimated drinking prevalence decreased starting in the cohorts born in approximately 1960 for men, for women it increased until the cohorts born in approximately 1970. Estimated physical activity prevalence decreased starting in the cohorts born in the 1940s in both genders, but the magnitude of decrease was larger for women. Conclusions: Trends in cohort effects differed by gender, which might be related to changes in the social environment for women. Improvements in dietary and exercise habits are required in more recently born cohorts of both genders.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.66-70
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• 2019

Objectives: In the Republic of Korea (ROK), the notified incidence of tuberculosis in foreign-born individuals (NITFBI) has increased recently, as has the rate of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and rifampicin-resistant (RR) tuberculosis in foreigners staying in the ROK. As Jeju Province in ROK has a no-visa entry policy, control programs for NITFBI should be consolidated. The aim was to evaluate the status of NITFBI, with a focus on the distribution of MDR/RR tuberculosis by nationality. Methods: Data on tuberculosis incidence in individuals born in Jeju Province and in foreign-born individuals were extracted from the Korean Statistical Information Service of Statistics Korea, and the Infectious Disease Surveillance Web Statistics of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, respectively. Results: Among all notified incident cases of tuberculosis, the proportion of NITFBI increased from 1.46% in 2011 to 6.84% in 2017. China- and Vietnam-born individuals accounted for the greatest proportion of the 95 cases of NITFBI. Seven cases of MDR/RR tuberculosis were found, all involving patients born in China. Conclusions: In Jeju Province, ROK, NITFBI might become more common in the near future. Countermeasures for controlling active tuberculosis in immigrants born in high-risk nations for tuberculosis should be prepared in Jeju Province, since it is a popular tourist destination.