• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2006

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of size and permittivity on the specific absorption rate(SAR) values of rat brains during microwave exposure at mobile phone frequency bands. A finite difference time domain (FDTD) technique with perfect matching layer(PML) absorbing boundaries is used for this evaluation process. A color coded digital image of the Sprague Dawley(SD) rat based on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) is used in FDTD calculation with appropriate permittivity values corresponding to different tissues for 3, 4, 7, and 10 week old rats. This study is comprised of three major parts. First, the rat model structure is scaled uniformly, i.e., the rat size is increased without change in permittivity. The simulated SAR values are compared with other experimental and numerical results. Second, the effect of permittivity on SAR values is examined by simulating the microwave exposure on rat brains with various permittivity values for a fixed rat size. Finally, the SAR distributions in depth, and the brain-averaged SAR and brain 1 voxel peak SAR values are computed during the microwave exposure on a rat model structure when both size and permittivity have varied corresponding to different ages ranging from 3 to 10 weeks. At 900 MHz, the simulation results show that the brain-averaged SAR values decreased by about 54 % for size variation from the 3 week to the 10 week-old rat model, while the SAR values decreased only by about 16 % for permittivity variation. It is found that the brain averaged SAR values decreased by about 63 % when the variations in size and permittivity are taken together. At 1,800 MHz, the brain-averaged SAR value is decreased by 200 % for size variation, 9.7 % for permittivity variation, and 207 % for both size and permittivity variations.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2004

Effects of Boonsimgieum aqua-acupuncture at $Naegweun(HP_6)$ and $Taecheung(LV_3)$ on liver and plasma lipid composition and antioxidative capacity were investigated in rat fed high oxidized fat. Concentrations of plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol showed a tendency to increase in the high oxidized fat diet group. However these values showed a tendency to decease in aqua-acupuncture groups. HDL-cholesterol showed no significantly different in all the treatment groups. Liver total cholesterol values showed a high in control group, however other treatment groups showed no significantly different. Liver triglyceride concentration showed a high value in control group and $Naegweun(HP_6)$ aqua-acupuncture group showed lower value than $Taecheung(LV_3)$ aqua-acupuncture group. Plasma GOT and GPT values showed a tendency to increase in high oxidized fat diet group. However aqua-acupuncture groups showed a lower values than control group. The concentration of TBARS in liver and plasma showed a high values in high oxidized fat diet group, however these values showed a tendency to decrease in aqua-acupuncture group. Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity values showed a low values in high oxidized fat diet group, however these values showed a tendency to increase in aqua-acupuncture groups and in aqua-acupuncture groups, these values showed no significantly different.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.413-427
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• 1997

This research is based on the Consumption Values Theory proposed by Sheth(1991). The purpose of this research is finding the factors related to the process of hospital choice. The expectation of six hospital outpatients 600 was analyzed by six consumption values categories: functional value, social value, emotional value, rarity value, condition value, health related values. The main results of this research is as following; 1. In the result of factor analysis 22 consumption value factors which affect the hospital preference were extracted; kindness/clearness, service speed, comfort of space, technical competence in functional values, high income/active social life, low income/blue collar unmarried/man, middle aged/big family, woman/married, introvert in social values, high-class, comfort, reliability in emotional value, newness, classiness in rarity value, social relationship, close to residence, social reputation in conditional values, priority on health, health behavior, active sense of value on health in health related values. 2. The difference of consumption values among hospital types were analyzed. The critical factors in reference for corporate hospitals newly established were kindness/clearness, service speed, convenience, classiness, comfort, and newness. University hospitals were preferred by the factors of reliability, and social reputation. In general hospital, convenience and close to residence were critical factor. 3. In logistic regression, age, marital status, education level and income as socio-demographic variables were significantly related to general hospital choice. Also service speed and close to residence were positively and high income/active social life and high class value were negatively related to general hospital choice. On university hospital choice, age and marital status, education show posive relationship whereas income showing negative relationship. Kindness/clearness, service speed, comfort of space, unmarried/man, comfortable feeling, newness and close to residence showed negative relationship with university hospital selection whereas technical competence, reliability in emotional value, classiness in rarity value, social relationship in functional values showed positive relationship. Lastly kindness/clearness, comfort of space, high income/active social life, unmarried/man, high-class, comfort and newness were positively related to corporate hospitals newly established choice in contrast to negative relationship in reliability in emotional value and classiness. In summary, we found that hospital user also choose to hospital in base of various consumption value. Further studies to investigate the hospital consumer behavior will be needed.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2020

연속형 분포로부터 얻은 독립적인 p값들을 통합하는 Fisher의 고전적인 방법은 널리 사용되고 있지만 이산형 확률분포로부터 얻은 p값들을 통합하기에는 적절하지 않다. 대신에 유사 Fisher의 통합방법이 이산형 확률분포의 p값들을 통합하는 대안으로 사용된다. 본 논문에서는 첫째, 여러 표본들의 위치검정(Fisher-Pitman 검정과 Kruskal-Wallis 검정) 데이터와 관련된 이산형 확률분포로 부터 퍼뮤테이션 방법에 의해 p값들을 구하고, 둘째로 이 p값들을 유사 Fisher의 통합방법을 이용하여 통합한다. 그리고 Fisher의 고전적인 방법과 유사 Fisher의 통합방법의 결과를 비교한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 온라인 숙박예약 웹사이트에서 소비자가 추구하는 쇼핑가치의 차이에 따라 이후 소비자의 만족도와 충성도가 어떻게 달라질 수 있는지에 대한 관계를 분석하고자 하는 것이다. 본 연구에서의 소비자 쇼핑가치는 크게 세가지인 실용적 쇼핑가치, 오락적 쇼핑가치, 그리고 사회적 관계추구 쇼핑가치로 구분된다. 이와 같이 3가지 쇼핑가치, 고객만족도, 고객충성도의 5가지 구성개념을 기반으로 연구모형이 제시되었으며, 연구모형은 온라인 숙박예약 웹사이트를 이용한 경험이 있는 182명의 소비자를 대상으로 구조방정식을 이용하여 검증하였다. 검증결과, 쇼핑가치는 고객만족도와 고객충성도에 유의적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 고객만족도와 충성도 간 관계는 유의한 것으로 드러났다. 결론적으로 온라인 숙박예약 업체는 웹사이트를 고객관계관리의 효과적인 수단으로 활용하기 위해서 어떠한 쇼핑가치를 지향하는 고객인지 성향을 파악함과 더불어 온라인 사회적 영향 효과를 함께 관리하는 노력이 필요할 것이다.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.253-261
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• 2009

school. This study was carried out by literature review. Values of woodworking in extrinsic viewpoint were justified as well-balanced development between left brain and right brain, effective improvement of creative problem solving skill, formation of affirmative attitude toward woodworking, and obtaining method to use tools and equipment effectively. Values of woodworking in intrinsic viewpoint were justified as students' instinct liking of woodworking, psychological stability, and implanting self-confidence in students. In addition to these, woodworking has more educational values. Such values should be justified in the following studies.

• 대한수의사회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.137-141
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• 1980

Hematologic values were determined in cephalic vein blood samples obtained from 20 males and 37 females adult normal Jindo dogs. 1. The mean values of red blood cell count, hemoglobin value and packed cell volume were $7.29{\pm}2.27{\times}10^6/{\mu}

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2015

Permutation p-values are provided for the agreement measures for multivariate interval data among many raters. Three agreement measures, Berry and Mielke's measure, Janson and Olsson's measure, and Um's measure are described and compared. Exact and resampling permutation methods are utilized to compute p-values and empirical quantile limits for three measures. Comparisons of p-values demonstrate that resampling permutation methods provide close approximations to exact p-values, and Berry and Mielke's measure and Um's measure show similar performance in terms of measuring agreement.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.83-95
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• 2001

본 연구는 최고지가에 대한 비율을 이용하여 대도시의 도시내 토지이용에 대한 일반화를 시도한 것이다. 인구규모나 도시 기능면에서 비슷하지만 지형적 조건이 전혀 다른 두 도시 서울과 동경의 비교연구에서 확인된 것을 가설로 하여 인구 100만 이상의 5개 대도시에 대해 최고지가에 대한 비율과 토지이용과의 관계를 검증해 보았다. 5개 대도시에 대해 검증해 본 결과, CBD의 범위는 최고지가지점을 정점으로 최고지가의 약 10% 이상의 범위로 적정가능하고, 또 CBD와 분리된 지가동심원의 정점이 20% 이상이 되면 어느 정도 부도심의 기능을 수행한다 할 수 있다. 최고지가의 5% 비율을 보이는 표준지들은 일반적으로 주상혼합이용을 나타냈지만 도시내의 여건에 따라서 상업적 이용이 높게 나타나는 경우도 있었다. 최고지가의 3% 이하의 지가를 보이는 표준지들은 대부분 주거용도로 이용되었다. 최고지가에 대한 비율로 토지이용상황을 어느 정도 예측할 수 있다고 판단하게 되었다. 한 도시의 최고 지가를 알고 특정지점의 지가를 알고 있을 경우 특정지점의 지가를 최고지가에 대한 비율을 환산 해 보면 그 지점의 토지이용을 어느 정도 유추할 수 있다는 것이다. 도시의 규모가 클수록, 도시화의 역사가 오래되어 토지이용이 안정된 지역일수록 가설에서 제시한 비율에의 적합도가 높았다. 이상과 같이 최고지가에 대한 비율은 간단한 일반화로서 토지이용분화의 이해에 유효하게 이용될 수 있다고 생각된다. 도시의 규모나 지형적 요건, 다른 도시와의 연계관계, 주변지역과의 관련성, 시화의 정도 등에 따라 예외적인 토지이용이 나타나기는 하지만 그러한 유형도 상당부분 5개 대 시내에서 공통적인 양상을 보인다. 따라서 어떤 지점의 지가를 최고지가에 대한 비율로 환산해 봄으로써 대략적인 토지이용상황을 예측할 수 있다.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2011

In this study, we discuss ways to environmental values education from sentences on environmental education textbooks. Values education is very important territory in environmental education. But school environmental education has some different idea about how to teach that. One way is to teach directly. The other way is to teach in a roundabout way. These days many researches said that roundabout way is better. The purpose of this study is to find out good ways to values education in environmental education. So we analyzed sentences on four environmental education textbooks of middle school. The analysis is limited body of textbooks. And we found immediate appropriateness expression for values education. The study results are as follows. There are 420 immediate expression in textbooks. That is 11% of whole expressions. And 6 big Units of textbooks have not difference about that expression. Most last sentences of class are immediate expressions. So authors of textbook will have mind about good values education method. One method is to use many interrogative sentences. Interrogative sentences help that student have values of themselves.