• IE interfaces
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.101-109
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• 1992

The purpose of this paper is to establish a framework of the information system design for the distribution management in the confectionery industry. First, we present the characteristics of distribution information system and the distribution information flow in the confectionery industry. Next, we present a sketch of the computer-communication system as the mechanism for improving communication within the distribution system and design the subsystems of distribution information system. And we design the data structure for manipulating distribution information. Finally, we present the case study in which we design the distribution information system in the confectionery industry.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.229-236
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• 2004

A new three-node triangular shell element based on higher order zig-zag theory is developed for laminated composite shells with multiple delaminations. The present higher order zig-zag shell theory is described in a general curvilinear coordinate system and in general tensor notation. All the complicated curvatures of surface including twisting curvatures can be described in an exact manner in the present shell element because this element is based on geometrically exact surface representation. The displacement field of the proposed finite element includes slope of deflection. which requires continuity between element interfaces. Thus the nonconforming shape function of Specht's three-node triangular plate bending element is employed to interpolate out-of-plane displacement. The present element passes the bending and twisting patch tests in flat surface configurations. The developed element is evaluated through the buckling problems of composite cylindrical shells with multiple delaminations. Through the numerical examples it is demonstrated that the proposed shell element is efficient because it has minimal degrees of freedom per node. The accuracy of the present element is demonstrated in the prediction of buckling loads and buckling modes of shells with multiple delaminations. The present shell element should serve as a powerful tool in the prediction of buckling loads and modes of multi-layered thick laminated shell structures with arbitrary-shaped multiple delaminations.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.371-387
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• 2019

In the present paper, a simple refined nth-higher-order shear deformation theory is applied for the free vibration analysis of laminated composite plates. The proposed displacement field is based on a novel kinematic in which include the undetermined integral terms and contains only four unknowns, as against five or more in case of other higher-order theories. The present theory accounts for adequate distribution of the transverse shear strains through the plate thickness and satisfies the shear stress-free boundary conditions on the top and bottom surfaces of the plate, therefore, it does not require problem dependent shear correction factor. The governing equations of motion are derived from Hamilton's principle and solved via Navier-type to obtain closed form solutions. The numerical results of non-dimensional natural frequencies obtained by using the present theory are presented and compared with those of other theories available in the literature to verify the validity of present solutions. It can be concluded that the present refined theory is accurate and efficient in predicting the natural frequencies of isotropic, orthotropic and laminated composite plates.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.101-114
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• 1997

The objectives of the unit ‘Family Relations’in high school Home Economics Education is to help the students cultivating proper values and self-esteem, maintaining harmonious personal relations not only by understanding human relationships in family, but also by acquiring role play, and is to wisely cope with many problems occurring in social life, which are indispensable for those living in modern society. But at present it is hard for the students to gain those abilities mentioned above, for the present unit ‘Family Relations’lays special emphasis only on memorizing specific knowledge about the understanding of a family. To improve the present educational situation, this study develops a new teaching-learning method based on the role play model concerning the ‘Family Relation’area of high school Home Economics Education curriculum. This study is theoretically based on the literature and previous studies on present problems of our various family relations, and solving its problems, and suggests lesson model of role play and its effect. This study was performed as following procedures： the ‘Family Relation’unit of the present high school Home Economics Education curriculum was analyzed, and surveyed students to discover the conflicts and their solutions the high school students are now experiencing in their family relations. Accordingly, a new lesson model of the ‘Family Relation’area, applying role play was developed. Based on the developed lesson plan, two-hour classes were experimented and positive evaluation was given by students.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.409-423
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• 2015

In the present work, a simple and refined trigonometric higher-order beam theory is developed for bending and vibration of functionally graded beams. The beauty of this theory is that, in addition to modeling the displacement field with only 3 unknowns as in Timoshenko beam theory, the thickness stretching effect (${\varepsilon}_Z{\neq}0$) is also included in the present theory. Thus, the present refined beam theory has fewer number of unknowns and equations of motion than the other shear and normal deformations theories, and it considers also the transverse shear deformation effects without requiring shear correction factors. The neutral surface position for such beams in which the material properties vary in the thickness direction is determined. Based on the present refined trigonometric higher-order beam theory and the neutral surface concept, the equations of motion are derived from Hamilton's principle. Numerical results of the present theory are compared with other theories to show the effect of the inclusion of transverse normal strain on the deflections and stresses.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.409-426
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• 2019

The aim of the present work is to study the nonlinear behavior of the laminated composite plates under transverse sinusoidal loading using a new inverse trigonometric shear deformation theory, where geometric nonlinearity in the Von-Karman sense is taken into account. In the present theory, in-plane displacements use an inverse trigonometric shape function to account the effect of transverse shear deformation. The theory satisfies the traction free boundary conditions and violates the need of shear correction factor. The governing equations of equilibrium and boundary conditions associated with present theory are obtained by using the principle of minimum potential energy. These governing equations are solved by eight nodded serendipity element having five degree of freedom per node. A square laminated composite plate is considered for the geometrically linear and nonlinear formulation. The numerical results are obtained for central deflections, in-plane stresses and transverse shear stresses. Finite element Codes are developed using MATLAB. The present results are compared with previously published results. It is concluded that the geometrically linear and nonlinear response of laminated composite plates predicted by using the present inverse trigonometric shape function is in excellent agreement with previously published results.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.27-49
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• 1997

The purpose of this paper is to widen the viewpoint of fisheries trade which has been discussed under the coventional comparative advantage theory based on price difference between exporting country and importing country. therefore the paper tries to find out \circled1 the characteristics of several factors which has enabled fisheries trade compared to manufactured goods trade. \circled2 the development pattern of such factors and the present influence of such factors on current fisheries trade. \circled3 the present characteristics of fisheries trade especially fisheries import under the context of the logic of international fisheries trade.

• Advances in materials Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.43-65
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• 2023

Free vibration analysis of power law and sigmoidal sandwich plates made up of functionally graded materials (FGMs) has been carried out using finite element based higher-order zigzag theory. The present model satisfies all-important conditions such as transverse shear stress-free conditions at the plate's top and bottom surface along with continuity condition for transverse stresses at the interface. A Nine-noded C0 finite element having eleven degrees of freedom per node is used during the study. The present model is free from the requirement of any penalty function or post-processing technique and hence is computationally efficient. The present model's effectiveness is demonstrated by comparing the present results with available results in the literature. Several new results have been proposed in the present work, which will serve as a benchmark for future works. It has been observed that the material variation law, power-law exponent, skew angle, and boundary condition of the plate widely determines the free vibration behavior of sandwich functionally graded (FG) plate.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.21
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• pp.1-55
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• 1994

The present survey aimed at analyzing factors influencing the development of the university library collection, with the special reference to the case of the Education Collection of the Pusan National University Library. For this, the present researchers have identified two areas of influencing factors, i.e.., library factors and user factors. Library factors included collection development policy, manpower, materials received as gift and budget. User factors included faculty and students. For analyzing the factors, the present researchers have relied on qualitative research techniques, using heavily documents produced within the case library, interviews librarians, faculty and students, and observation.

• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2009

Particle deposition on a semiconductor wafer larger than 100 mm was studied experimentally and numerically. Particularly the electrostatic effect on particle deposition velocity was investigated. The experimental apparatus consisted of a particle generation system, a particle deposition chamber and a wafer surface scanner. Experimental data of particle deposition velocity were obtained for a semiconductor wafer of 200 mm diameter with the applied voltage of 5,000 V and PSL particles of the sizes between 83 and 495 nm. The experimental data of particle deposition velocity were compared with the present numerical results and the existing experimental data for a 100 mm wafer by Ye et al. (1991) and Opiolka et al. (1994). The present numerical method took into consideration the particle transport mechanisms of convection, Brownian diffusion, gravitational settling and electrostatic attraction in an Eulerian frame of reference. Based on the comparison of the present experimental and numerical results with the existing experimental results the present experimental method for a 200 mm semiconductor wafer was found to be able to present reasonable data.