• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.287-293
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• 2011

Objectives : The region of chromosome 5p14 is known to be associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The cadherin9 (CDH9) and cadherin10 (CDH10) genes are located in the region of chromosome 5p14 and reported to be associated with ASD in the Caucasian population. We performed an association study to identify if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located on the CDH9 and CDH10 genes are associated in the Korean population. Methods : Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood of 214 patients with ASD and 258 controls. SNPs selected from two genes were genotyped using an Illumina Golden-Gate Genotyping assay with VeraCode technology. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS and Plink software. Results : All controls and ASD patients were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. In the results of logistic regression analyses for the genotype model and the chi-square test for the allele model, we found that SNPs on the CDH9 and CDH10 genes were not associated with ASD. Conclusion : Our data suggests that the CDH9 and CDH10 genes are not associated with ASD in the Korean population.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.85-94
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• 2008

This study is to construe spatio-temporal characteristics of temperature in cities and changes of climatical regions in analyzing a change of Korea Peninsular climate. We used daily mean air temperature data which was collected in South and North Korea for the past 34 years from 1974 to 2007. We created temperature map of 500m resolution using Inverse Distance Weight in application with adiabatic lapse rate per month in linear relation with height and temperature. In the urbanization area, the data analyzed population in comparison with temperature changes by the year. An annual rising rate of temperature was calculated $0.0056^{\circ}C$, and the temperature was increased $2.14^{\circ}C$ from 1974 to 2107. The south climate region in Korea by the Warmth index was expanded to the middle climate region by the latitude after 1990s. A rise of urban area in mean temperature was $0.5-1.2^{\circ}C$, Seoul, metropolitan and cities which were high density of urbanization and industrialization with the population increase between 1980s and 1990s. In case of North Korea, Cities were Pyeongyang, Anju, Gaecheon, Hesan. A rise in cities areas in mean temperature has influence on vegetation, especially secondary growth such as winter buds of pine trees appears built-up area and outskirts in late Autumn. Finally, nowaday we confront diverse natural events over climatical changes, We need a long-term research to survey and analyze an index on the climatical changes to present a systematic approach and solution in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.189-199
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to derive spatial area(preventive zone) where the movement of livestock vehicles occurs frequently. For this purpose, this study used 6 periods facility entrance data provided by KAHIS. This data was converted into vehicle movement data between livestock facilities and aggregated into administrative district units. The R-mode factor analysis was performed on the constructed OD data, and the region extracted by the same factor was judged as one region. The results of the analysis are summarized as follows. First, the factor analysis of 6 periods data showed 16 ~ 18 factors, and the derived factors explained 63 ~ 68% of the total variance. Second, based on the factors that were derived, Jeonam coastal area, Jeonnam area, Jeonbuk area, Chungnam coastal area, Gyeongnam area, northern Gyeongbuk area, Yeongnam costal area were found to be stable, with little change over time. On the other hand, Chungbuk area, Gangwon area, Seoul metropolitan area are relatively volatile areas. Third, 13 areas were derived by combining data from six periods.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.35-50
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• 1997

The purpose of this research seeks to analyze the spatial variations in the sex age structure which have been shown to exist within the study atrea, the Kyonggi province in Korea. In this study it is desired to use the Age Structure Index developed by Coulson in order to describe thi sex age structure of each of 186 tracts that comprise the tracted portion of the Kyonggi province. The mechanics of computing the Age Structure Index are found in the equation describing a linear least squares trend line: y=a+bx. For each census tract, the percentage of the population in each age group(y) was plotted against the middle age of each age group(x). The a is a constant representing the value of y, when x equals zero. The b is the regression coefficient and is a measure of the angle of the slope of the least squares trend line. Thus the value of b is the Age Structure Index for each census tract. The major results of this investigation can be summarized as follows: The spatial distributions of sex age structures in the Kyonggi province are far from random. They have exhibited great regularity with the yonger sex age structures near Seoul and a sharp decline to the older sex age structures out in all derections towards rural region. The results of this investigation should have important general significance for the study of the Kyonggi province Age Structure Index is a flexible, operational definition shich allows sex age structure to be measured, mapped, and incorporated in a wide variety of methods of statistical analysis. Futurer, it has been demonstrated that sex age structure varies spatially within Seoul metropolitan finge and that this variation is relagfed to many other attributes of the population. Especially, Age Structure Index is strongly related to the variables-rate of population growth rate. density, rate of numbers of manufacturing, land price. At the same time, considerably more research is needed before a genmeral body of knowlege concerning sex age structure can be developed.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.307-324
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• 2011

The culture industry is viewed as a driving industry in the 21th century. Korea has experienced the rapid growth rate of the cultural industry in terms of sale amounts for the period of 2004-2009. The purposes of this study are to analyze the spatial pattern of the cultural industry and to empirically examine the effect of municipalities' cultural industries on regional economy using SUR model. The major findings are as follows: First, cultural industries are concentrated in the capital region and several metropolitan areas. Secondly, the estimated result of SUR model shows that there is inter-relationship between cultural industry and regional economy. The effect of the cultural industry on GRDP is that the cultural industry increased 1%, GRDP increased by 0.46%. In turn, GRDP increased 1%, cultural industry increased by 0.75%. Thirdly, the elasticity of the cultural industry on GRDP is much higher than that of labor or capital stock, showing that the cultural industry has a more powerful influence on its regional economy. Fourth, the elasticity of the cultural industry on GRDP of Gun is higher than that of shi, indicating that it is rational for Gun to develop strategies to promote competitive power of the cultural Industry for regional economic growth.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.107-113
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• 2020

With the development of IT technology, along with the expansion of women's participation in society, the education training of information security women's workforce is becoming a very important issue. Therefore, it is important to analyze the relevant curriculum to identify the direction of fostering women's information security workforce. Therefore, in this paper, the education and training programs of the department for training women's information security workforce based in Seoul area of the Korean metropolitan area were analyzed. The main research objective of this paper is to review whether the education and training system, which consists of the department of women's information security human resources development, is in line with the direction of NIST's human resources development. The research focus was on what the women's information security department organizes courses with each security major and what task training is interested in. In addition, in this paper, we were confirmed that the curriculum of the relevant major is based on the NIST Human Resources Development Framework, and that the majors of the relevant universities have an education and training system that conforms to the relevant task. In conclusion, the related majors are judged to be focused on the development of certification evaluation personnel of convergence industry security or information security development personnel, and general cyber security personnel.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.349-368
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• 2020

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the characteristics of Korean petroleum and petrochemical industries and the change of participation in global value chains. Since 1960s, Korean petroleum and petrochemical industries have been developed under government's industrial policies. In 1980s Korean petroleum and petrochemical industries served as a key export-oriented industry) of Korea's national economic development. Based on the expansion of large-scale production facilities led by the private sectors from the end of 1980s, Korea became as a major country in the global petroleum and petrochemical industries. Under Korean domestic scale, it shows considerable spatial concentration, in Ulsan Metropolitan City, Yeosu City and Seosan City. However, the degree of spatial concentration is differentiated along the each sectors within the petroleum and petrochemical industry. To improve regional industry competitiveness, each region has adopted different strategies and shifted to structural upgrading and producting high value-added products. Changes in the structure within petroleum and the petrochemical industries at the national level caused a change in the structure of Korea's participation in GVC, but the domestic value-added is lower than that of its major competitors.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.439-452
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• 2014

This paper suggests the method to extend service area by using the transmit offset delay in T-DMB single frequency network (SFN). In general, synchronization of the transmit time of all site can be done by using the reference clock of GPS, which dose not reflect the details geographical characteristics and transmit specifications of each site. Applying the site-specific transmit offset delay, we could extend the service area of SFN T-DMB. Applying the transmit offset delay, it is found that the signal quality in the region of weak receive field strength was improved and upto 4~8 km service area expansion was achieved by satisfying the minimum field strength ($45dB{\mu}V/m$) recommended by the Korea Communications Commission (KCC). Site-specific offset delay was calculated considering the geographic service area characteristics, distribution of electric field strength between neighboring sites and site-specific service target area. Experiments were carried out in order to analyze impact of calculated offset delay on the T-DMB SFN and also to confirm that the offset delay extends T-DMB service coverage. The experiment was done in metropolitan T-DMB service areas.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.89-98
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• 2017

This study aims to examine whether the life satisfaction of the elderly living alone is influenced by demographic background, economic activity, productive leisure participation and the moderating effect of social support. Data in this study was from 5th Korean Retirement Income Study, and 890 elderly living alone were extracted and analyzed, and a multi-level analysis was used to analyze the data because the life satisfaction of the elderly living alone has a random effect according to the region. The results of this study were as follows; First, the elderly living alone showed high life satisfaction when they live in province rather than Seoul or metropolitan city, spend higher living expenses, do economic activities, and they are economically independent. Second, those who participated in productive leisure activity were more satisfied with life than those who did not, and those who have social support are more satisfied with their life. Third, the relationship between productive leisure participation and life satisfaction was moderated by social support. When the elderly living alone participate in productive leisure activities, they feel more life satisfaction according to social support given to them.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.221-229
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• 2023

Extracted from the metropolitan area, the Paldang Lake, which supplies approximately 8 million tons of water, has achieved a BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) of 1.1 mg/L as a result of water quality preservation policies. However, concerning the COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) component that encompasses refractory organic matter, there has been an observable upward trend in concentration. The introduction of refractory organic matter into the water source of Paldang Lake brings potential increments in BOD, generates off-putting tastes and odors in tap water, increases THM (Trihalomethane) formation, and triggers algae proliferation. Moreover, if residual hazardous refractory pollutants persist in aquatic environments, they may induce endocrine disruption and phenomena such as antibiotic resistance. In this study, a monitoring campaign was executed to discern the concentration of refractory organic matter emissions from point and non-point sources within Paldang Lake and its upstream region, with the aim of managing refractory organic matter in Paldang Lake. By comparing refractory organic matter emission concentrations across monitored areas, the elimination efficiency at wastewater treatment plants was assessed. Additionally, employing the Pearson correlation correlation analysis technique, correlations among refractory organic matter indices, antecedent wet days, and antecedent dry days were explored. The concentrations of refractory organic matter in rivers and Paldang Lake exhibited a similar pattern. Wastewater treatment plant effluents exhibited higher concentrations compared to rivers and Paldang Lake. The assessment of refractory organic matter removal at wastewater treatment plants indicated a removal efficiency of 65.73%. However, no significant correlation emerged between refractory organic matter emission concentration and antecedent wet days or priory antecedent dry days. This absence of correlation is attributed to data scarcity, underscoring the need for long-term monitoring and data accumulation.