• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.31-46
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• 2019

This study aims to examine the structural relationships of the consumers' understanding on the event, product satisfaction, promotional strategies, and behavioral intention in a promotional event for agricultural senary industry. The study conducted a survey among the participants in promotional events. The result showed that the understanding of promotional event had a positive effect on consumer behavioral intention, which means that the greater the understanding of The senary industry and the purpose of the event, the greater the consumer behavioral intention. The consumer satisfaction on products also had a positive effect on consumer behavioral intention, implying that the consumer behavioral intention increased when their satisfaction in terms of the taste and price of the products is higher. Further, the higher the satisfaction of the promotional strategy, the higher the consumer behavioral intention. Lastly, the promotional strategy played a mediating role between the consumer's understanding of the event and the satisfaction of the product, and the consumer behavioral intention. The result suggests that the different promotional strategies including discounts, freebies, or free-samples are able to maximize the effect of promotional events through its mediating effect.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.55-64
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the use of skincare & obesity clinics, customer satisfaction with franchise and non-franchise skincare & obesity clinics and customer selection criteria in the region of Busan in a bid to suggest some of the right directions for marketing strategies for the inauguration of skincare & obesity clinics. The subjects in this study were 240 users of 16 different skincare & obesity clinics selected from Busan. Out of the clinics, four franchise clinics and four non-franchise clinics were selected from the major commercial districts, and four franchise clinics and four non-franchise clinics were selected from the residential areas. Concerning the influence of three leading factors on customer satisfaction, all the service price, material service and human service had a significant impact on customer satisfaction in the franchise model for the commercial districts. In the case of the franchise clinics in the residential areas, only service price exerted a significant influence on customer satisfaction. In terms of the non-franchise model for the commercial districts, customer satisfaction was under the significant influence of human service and material service, and that was significantly affected by human service and service price in the non-franchise model for the residential areas.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.340-344
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• 2002

A gene, npl, encoding neopullulanase from Paenibacillus sp. KCTC 8848P was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. It consisted of an open reading frame of 1,530 bp for a protein that consisted of 510 amino acids with a molecular weight of 58,075 Da. The deduced amino acid sequence of the neopullulanase gene had $92\%$ identity with the neopullulanase of Bacillus polymyxa. The npl gene was also expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae secreting Schwanniomyces occidentalis glucoamylase (GAM1) under the control of the yeast actin gene (ACT1) promoter. Secretion of the neopullulanase was directed by the yeast mating pheromone ${\alpha}$ -factor ($MF{\alpha}1$) prepro region. Enzyme assays confirmed that co-expression of npl and GAM1 enhanced starch and pullulan degradation by S. cerevisiae.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

The spermatogenesis of Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens, belongs to Osphronemidae was investigated by light and electron microscopic observations. In primary spermatocyte stage, the nucleus was comparatively large ellipsoidal, and mitochondria showed a marked development in cytoplasm. In secondary spermatocyte stage, the germ cells were smaller than that of primary spermatocytes. The nucleus was a spherical shape and intercellular space was formed between germ cells. In spermatid stage, the early spermatids were not much different from a secondary spermatocyte. But, the chromatin condensation was occurred from the outside to the inside. The nucleus was more condensed. Intracellular space was larger than early spermatid. The mitochondria were rearranged in a middle piece, and occupied about half of the head part in early sperm. In sperm stage, the head of mature sperm was a spherical shape and had no acrosome. The flagellum was showed the typical 9+2 array of microtubules. Also, the tail of sperm had no lateral fins and outer coarse fibers. These ultrastructural characteristics can be used in classification of species.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.356-361
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• 2004

The ethionine resisconferring gene (ERCI) was constitutively expressed under the control of the alcohol dehydrogenase gene promoter (ADClp) and introduced into the chromosomes of an industrial polyploid strain of Saccharocerevisiae by using the 8-sequences of the Tyl retrotransposon as the recombination site. 8-Integrative cassette devoid of bacterial DNA sequences containing the ampicillin resistance gene was constructed that had the aureobasidin A resistance gene (AURl-C) as the selection marker and ERCl gene. The ERCl gene was also employed as the selection marker in the 8-integrative cassette lacking the A URl-C gene. Industrial Saccerevisiae transformed with these integrative cassettes exhibited strong resistance to DL-ethioncompared with nontransformants.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2014

This study has attempted to figure out the effects of the surface heat of perm rods on hair. For this, after forming perm waves, hair damage and its causes have been investigated with a different hair bleach method. If hair was bleached immediately without shampooing after a perm using the heat of rods, great perm waves were formed. However, severe damage was found on the hair because of the heated rods. In addition, when hair was shampooed and dried after the perm, hair bleach was more effective. It has been confirmed that hair was damaged because of high temperature of the surface of the rods. In fact, the heated rods had a direct effect on hair damage. According to these results, it has been confirmed that heat-based perms can accelerate hair damage. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a study on the minimization of the heating of permanent tools.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.191-195
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• 2013

Cordyceps militaris (CM) occurring from a fruiting body by a host insect is a kind of mushroom, which is composed of animal host and plant fruit body. CM contains large amounts of useful ingredients including polysaccharides, vitamins, amino acids, minerals, etc. The essential amino acids from CM including cystine, lysine, and methionine can be expected to improve damaged hair treatment as effective ingredients. In this study, the improvement effect of the CM extracts on chemical and physical properties for damaged-hair treatment was investigated. The cysteic acid and cystine monooxide produced by oxidation of cystine were analyzed their chemical structure by FT-IR spectroscopy. It was confirmed that the vibration absorption peak ($1,041cm^{-1}$) of cysteic acid was reduced and increased sulfur content considerably which means meaningful improvement effect on damaged-hair treatment. Apparently, the cuticle morphology of the damaged-hair was improved significantly by treatment with CM extracts. Especially, confocal laser scanning microscope images of the damaged-hair treated with the extract showed highly increased fluorescence intensity which means promising effect in hair treatment. The tensile strength of the damaged hair treated also increased by 168% compared with the damaged hair.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 2008

In this study, I investigated on the ultrastructure of scalp skin from full term baby mummy by using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The baby mummy was found within the uterus of a 16th century (Joseon Dynasty) mummified woman aged 20${\sim}$30 years old. In scanning electron microscopic study, I found that the outer surface of scalp skin containing of sweat gland and stratum corneum are well preserved. The skin of the scalp measured about 1 mm in thickness and the epidermis was well distinguished from the dermis. In transmission electron microscopy, the shape and structure of the epithelial cells were not confirmed. I also observed well preserved collagen fibers composed of collagen fibrils with cross banding pattern ultrastructurally. But, the other connective cells were not observed due to decomposition of the dermis.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.110-117
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• 2010

Recently, there is a trend to utilize natural dyes in many dyeing fields. In this work, the effects of benzyl alcohol in human hair dyeing with cochineal, a natural dye, was investigated. We investigated the K/S value and color value of dyed hair, water retention of dyed hair, protein release-ability of dyed hair, and wash fastness of dyed hair according to dyeing time and temperature. The shade of dyed hair was reddish. By adding benzyl alcohol in cochineal dyeing, the dyeing rate was increased and the dyeing equilibrium was established at early stage. The water retention of dyed hair was increased and the protein release-ability of dyed hair was decreased, meaning that the hair was less damaged during dyeing, The dyed hair showed a good wash fastness.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.365-371
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• 2009

This study was investigated to observe morphological changes of two pre-astronauts' hair, male and female by electron microscopy and to analyze its tensile strength by using rheometer. The surface of those two pre-astronauts' hair, which were very rough and irregular, contained separated scales and destroyed remnants of cuticular cells. Also, there were many holes on the cytoplasm of the cuticular cells which forms the cuticle layer. The destruction begins when the endocuticle where the holes form gets destroyed. And then, The tensile strength of female pre-astronaut's hair was 14.60 mm which is 10% reduced, compared to that of the normal healthy hair. Thus, this result thought to be due to the prolonged change of the biorhythm and psychological instability of the pre-astronauts.