• 수완나부미
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.85-105
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• 2019

Investigating the clash among different forms of international relations has been a frequent issue in modern research and attracts interest in the fields of history and politics. In the nineteenth-century, Asia witnessed a fierce struggle between traditional relations in Asia that existed during the feudal period, that of "The Heavenly Dynasty, China and its vassal states"; and a the new form of relations introduced by the West, that of relations between "colonial powers and colonized countries." As a result, the formation of "colonial societies" in Asia with very specific features was established. However, as stated by Vu (2015), for many reasons, which include the lack of material resources, the politically sensitive nature of the object, and the focus on gains and losses in previous studies, there were little studies on the process of demarcating the Tonkinese border between Franco and Chinese in Vietnam, especially from a globalization perspective. This study thus aims at examining the issue of the demarcation of the Tonkinese Border between Franco and Chinese (1885-1895), in view of globalization, as a case study for the transition process of the modern history of Vietnamese society.

• Journal of East-Asian Urban History
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• 제1권
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• pp.7-24
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• 2019

A. J. Toynbee published a book called Travel to China(1931) after traveling around the Asian continent in 1929. The book mostly focuses on Japan, China and the relationship between the two countries. Toynbee visited major cities in Japan and China by train. Most of the Japanese cities he saw were turning into modern cities in the process of spontaneous modernization mixed with its tradition. On the other hand, Chinese cities that he visited showed him various characteristics, including traditional, colonial, or semi-colonial cities. The modern cities of Japan and China in the late 1920s were transformed into various aspects under the influence of tradition, spontaneous modernization, colonial or anti-colonial modernization. How did Toynbee look at cities in East Asia? How did he recognize the relationship between tradition, modernization and colonization while visiting this area? Toynbee emphasizes the weight and influence of tradition especially in the development of modern cities in Japan and China. So, are modern European cities born out of their own traditions? Modern cities everywhere in the East and West were newly developed under the influence of tradition. Toynbee's attitude, which emphasizes especially its tradition in the modern cities of East Asia, seems to reflect his Orientalistic view.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2019

Jeon Suk-hee worked as permanent licensed Uisaeng (medical cadet) in Dalseong the Japanese occupation. The his newly discovered medical records were analyzed for the actual medical aspects of local Uisaeng. This article examined the medical view and treatment method of Jeon Suk-hee through the analysis of medical records, reveals facts which include : 1) The medical treatment was based on korean medical classification and treatment. This, along with the case of Cheongkang Kim Young-hoon, is an example of the preservation of traditional Korean medicine during the Japanese colonial period. 2) There is little effect of Shanghanlun (Treatise on Cold Damage). One side of Joseon medicine, which had a weak tradition of Shanghan, is revealed. 3) It did not simply follow the existing prescription of korean medicine's book. Examples include use of Cheongsin-san and Jeongjin-tang, which cannot be found in existing prescriptions.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.41-55
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• 2005

Most of researches in Korea by far on Sekino Tadashi were mainly focused on his historical view only. The main observations of this study, instead, are that; (1) his methodology of studying architectural history was closely related to his previous experiences with the conservation of the architectural heritages in Japan, and (2) his earlier activities in Korea made a significant Influence on the conservation of the architectural heritages in Korea. Sekino started his carrier after the graduation from the university by participating in the restoration sites of the architectural heritages in Japan, and his experiences at that time had founded the basis of his methodology of studying architectural history. Later, his on-site experiences were also adapted into the conservation of the architectural heritages in Korea when Korea was about to be colonized by Japan. In other words, Sekino's study on the Korean traditional architectures started from 1902 had a meaning of not only the starting point of the study on the Korean architectural history but also the starting point of the conservation of the Korean architectural heritages. Especially, Sekino's study during 1909 1912 prioritized the conservation of the architectural heritages as the main purpose of the study, and the influences of the study spanned over the entire colonial period by Japan. The influences were that; (1) Sekino's studies in 1909 1912 had outlined the colonial government's policy of the conservation of the architectural heritages, and (2) many restorations were made based on those studies.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.49-62
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• 2023

This research aims to investigate Park Kilyong's architectural theory and critique of Gyeongseong (Seoul) buildings, expressed in his 'Overview of Modern Buildings in Gyeongseong' and 'Critique of Gyeongseong Buildings' (Samcheolli, Sept. and Oct. 1935); and 'Architectural Form of the 100% Function' and 'The Modern and Architecture (1)-(4)' (Dong-A Daily, 28 Jul. to 1 Aug. 1936). As a result, it is confirmed that Park had the functionalist theory of modern architecture, which suggests that Korean architects of the Japanese colonial period were accommodating the contemporary trend of world architecture. However, Park shows his fundamental limitations in the fact that the main content of his articles was a verbatim translation of two Japanese references (Kurata, 1927; Ishihara, 1929) without proper indications. Despite the limitations, his texts are still meaningful since he formed his own architectural theory on the basis of what he translated; and indeed his critique of Gyeongseong buildings, however simple, was based on the theory. This research makes a critical analysis of Park's functionalist theory from both the 1930s' and present points of view and compares his commentaries on Gyeongseong architecture with those by Ko Yu-seop (1932) and Hong Yunsick (1937), illustrating how Korea perceived architecture and modernism in 1930s.

• 영어영문학
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.103-133
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to make a critique of racial aspects of Caribbean literature more ethical through a constant concern with history and political philosophy. The first step I take for this purpose is a comparative reading of C. L. R. James's view of Toussaint L'Ouverture's position and Frantz Fanon's view of race and class in the historical context of the Caribbean power-relations. In so doing, I examine how Toussaint's and Fanon's wills to negotiation were thwarted in the New World history. To elaborate upon this ethico-political approach, I have recourse to the so-called later Derrida, focusing on his books, such as The Politics of Friendship, Of Hospitality, On Cosmopolitanism and Forgiveness, etc. Taking an up-close look at Derrida's thought, I argue that his political contemplation of ethics is as effective as his deconstruction of "otherness" in dealing with the nature of ethnic clashes in both the real world and minority literature. In the second half of my paper, I reexamine the issues of race, gender, and class in the three novels of Jamaica Kincaid - Annie John, Lucy, and The Autobiography of My Mother. It is conceivable that from the feminist perspective Kincaid's fiction has been read as a postcolonial Bildungsroman. In my supplementary attempts to this criticism, I reveal that the teenage narrator's precocious awareness is still under the colonial influence in the Annie John section. My analysis of Lucy contends that the reasons why the white woman fails to make friends with the young black woman should be sought in the long history of the U.S. racial politics. In the section of The Autobiography of My Mother, I discuss how difficult it is for a minority woman to liberate from the spell of history insofar as she is engaged in the issue of identity. In closing, I pose a need of consolation that literature may grant us by becoming able to produce a different interpretation on all the bleaker reality.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2016

이 논문은 창경원을 근대적 도시 공원으로 보고, 창경원의 공간적 성격과 그곳에서 창출된 공원 문화의 특징을 파악하고자 했다. 먼저 창경원 성립의 배경을 파악했으며, 이를 바탕으로 세 가지 측면에서 근대 도시 공원으로서 창경원의 성격을 제시했다. 첫째, 대외적 선전과 과시의 장으로서 창경원의 성격, 특히 개원 초기 해외 사절과 고위 인사들의 방문에 주목했다. 특히 애초에 이곳을 근대적 공원으로 만들고자 계획했던 내용에 바탕을 두고, 근대 도시 공원으로서의 성격을 살펴보았다. 둘째, 계몽과 교화의 장으로서 1920년대 창경원 이용이 보다 대중화 경향을 띠기 시작했다는 점을 파악하고, 여성과 아동을 위한 행사와 새로운 시설의 등장에 주목했다. 셋째, 창경원을 공원으로 인식하고 이용했던 당대의 기록을 조사하여 그 문화적 특징을 파악했다.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제47권
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• pp.50-73
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• 2009

전통적으로 한국 언론사 논의는 언론을 수동적 존재로 파악하는 태도를 견지해왔다. 특히 해방 전후 언론 연구에서 그런 경향은 더욱 짙다. 언론을 수동적으로 대한다 함은 언론을 수단 혹은 도구로 보는 태도를 말한다. 언론사 논의는 그 같은 경향 내에서 언론을 민족 해방, 민족국가수립에 기여했는지 혹은 아닌지로 분류하고 평가하려 했다. 민족언론, 친일언론 등과 같은 친근한 구분법은 그로부터 나왔다. 최근 들어 그 같은 경향을 벗어난 연구들이 등장하고는 있다. 그러나 대체적으로 그 같은 민족주의적 시각으로부터 자유스럽지 않다. 덕택에 언론의 독자적문화, 민중들의 언론 습관, 일상 속의 언론 논의는 소홀히 다루어졌다. 이 글은 민족주의적 관점으로 언론현상을 논의할 경우 해방당시를 섬세하게 설명할 방도가 없어진다는 점에 주목하고 있다. 민족주의적 관점을 넘어선 국면 분석을 통해 새로운 언론사 분석의 가능성을 제시하고자 했다. 1945년 8월 15일이라는 해방 국면에서의 언론 상황을 점검하고 그를 통해 새롭게 대안적으로 포착해야 할 언론 단면들을 드러내고자 했다. 그 점검을 통해 해방 국면에서 제한된 형태이긴 하지만 언론이 해방의 의미를 나누었고 민중들은 그 같은 의미를 언론을 통해 받아들이는 습관을 나름으로 형성한 식민지적 공공성을 지니고 있었음을 밝히고자 했다. 그 공공성은 왜곡되고 식민지적인 것일 수밖게 없었지만 하루하루를 살아가는 당시 민중들에게는 감정적 구조를 전달해주고 있었으며 삶의 지침이 되기도 하는 영역이었다. 식민지 근대화론자들이 말하는 것처럼 일제에 의해 선사된 근대성의 공간도 아니고 민족주의자들의 주장대로 식민화된 공간만도 아닌 그 둘이 혼효된 공간이었다. 그리고 그 공간은 이후 한국 언론 문화, 관습, 언론을 받아들이는 습관 등 언론규율로 연장되었을 것이다. 혹은 새롭게 등장하는 서구적 근대성과 조우하면서 전혀 새로운 형태로 변해갔을 수도 있다. 지금의 언론 문화를 정리해내는 데 있어 식민지적 공공성에 대한 관심은 더 늦출 수 없는 중요한 지점이 아닐 수 없다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.99-120
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• 2010

According to it, a final goal of this study sets up 'Renovation of the Red brick architecture' and development of theoretical foundation and substantial conservation about Red brick architecture through historical records must be settled without delay. Firstly, it analyzes related terminology and adjusts brick architecture's history and features for architectural authenticity about Red brick architecture. It would study production and construction process of brick in korea. From analysis of records, brick of traditional meaning is 'Jeondol' and western brick of modern meaning is 'Red brick'. 'Brick' defines a common designation. This study shows definition of words based on documents published until 19th century and a korean language and architecture terms dictionary. In view of this results, the meaning of brick which combines different types extensively uses 'Chu', 'Jeon', 'Byeok' according to the purpose of use and the current of the times. In case of 'Jeon', it uses jointly different types such as '塼', '磚', '甎'. but '塼' is frequently used. Even though these words like 'byeok' used individual or combination types until the late 19th century, there is no use because of japanese terms in japanese colonial. After liberation, it was the term of the traditional brick. Brick is generally used through modern times. In an unabridged Korean language dictionary, it defines this term as orthodox korean '壁乭' and '?乭'. At that time of japanese colonial, 'Yeonwa(煉瓦)' used in combination with brick. Due to influence it, it partly uses until now but it is not in common use. Also, a Korean language dictionary contains transcription of 'Yeonwa' with same definition as 'Byeokdol'. In the other side, it results from translating japanese into Korean. It would make exact definition of 'Yeonwa'.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제23권
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• pp.33-55
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• 2011

In the late Japanese colonial period, from the Sino-Japanese War until the Pacific War, critical discourses on the modern were prevalent in Japan and the Joseon. Despite the absence of a consensus about the specific definition of the modern, most thinkers agreed that the modern was something to be overcome. While some regarded naturalism and capitalism of the West as the essence of the modern, some others named scientism and humanism as the nature of the western modernity. Additionally, some criticized the temporal concept of historicism and brought new meanings of 'tradition' into relief, and some others advocated overcoming 'the West inherent in us'. This study is to consider the temporality of the theory of overcoming the modern focusing on the following three notions-world history, tradition, and emergency-, and examines the antinomy of them. The first notion to consider is 'world history'. The theorists of overcoming the modern, including the Kyoto school, discarded the progressive ideology that had led the Western modern history, and instead introduced 'world history' as a new notion. Although this resulted from the imperialistic embracement of the theories of Ranke, a major positivist historian from Germany, it contained antinomy of remaining in 'history' which was the modern temporal view. The second notion is 'tradition'. While the critical mind of 'world history' brought 'time of world' into question in the context of temporal realization, the notion of 'tradition' was to understand 'time of history' itself as the modern and overcome it. The critical mind of the notion involves the attempts to criticize regarding history as a 'progressive' process and to discover tradition as 'the present past' or 'the eternal present'. However, it also contained antinomy; the 'tradition' here was a notion that was created in the modern times, not passed down from ancient times. The third notion to consider is 'emergency', which was a method to define the present time as a transition period toward a new era, relating to states of war. However, the theorists of overcoming the modern did not regard 'emergency' as a particular time that strayed from normal states, instead they thought is as 'a regularized exceptional state', namely 'a state in which exceptions have become regulations'. However, the notion also contained antinomy since the word 'emergency' connotes abnormality.