• Title/Summary/Keyword: Text-type

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Transference from learning block type programming to learning text type programming (블록형 프로그래밍 학습에서 텍스트형 프로그래밍 학습으로의 전이)

  • So, MiHyun;Kim, JaMee
    • The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.55-68
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    • 2016
  • Informatics curriculum revised 2015 proposed the use of block type and text type of programming language by organizing problem solving and the programming unit in a spiral. The purpose of this study is to find out whether the algorithms helps programming learning and whether there is a positive transition effect in block type programming learning to text type programming trailing learning. For 15 elementary school students was conducted block type and text type programming learning. As a result of the research, it is confirmed that writing the algorithm in a limited way can interfere with the learner's expression of thinking, but the block type programming learning has a positive transition to the text type programming learning. This study is meaningful that it suggested a plan for the programming education which is sequential from elementary school.

Extending TextAE for annotation of non-contiguous entities

  • Lever, Jake;Altman, Russ;Kim, Jin-Dong
    • Genomics & Informatics
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.15.1-15.6
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    • 2020
  • Named entity recognition tools are used to identify mentions of biomedical entities in free text and are essential components of high-quality information retrieval and extraction systems. Without good entity recognition, methods will mislabel searched text and will miss important information or identify spurious text that will frustrate users. Most tools do not capture non-contiguous entities which are separate spans of text that together refer to an entity, e.g., the entity "type 1 diabetes" in the phrase "type 1 and type 2 diabetes." This type is commonly found in biomedical texts, especially in lists, where multiple biomedical entities are named in shortened form to avoid repeating words. Most text annotation systems, that enable users to view and edit entity annotations, do not support non-contiguous entities. Therefore, experts cannot even visualize non-contiguous entities, let alone annotate them to build valuable datasets for machine learning methods. To combat this problem and as part of the BLAH6 hackathon, we extended the TextAE platform to allow visualization and annotation of non-contiguous entities. This enables users to add new subspans to existing entities by selecting additional text. We integrate this new functionality with TextAE's existing editing functionality to allow easy changes to entity annotation and editing of relation annotations involving non-contiguous entities, with importing and exporting to the PubAnnotation format. Finally, we roughly quantify the problem across the entire accessible biomedical literature to highlight that there are a substantial number of non-contiguous entities that appear in lists that would be missed by most text mining systems.

The Effect of e-Learning Contents' Information Presentation Method on Teaching Presence and Academic Achievement (e-러닝 콘텐츠의 정보제시방식이 교수실재감 및 학업성취도에 미치는 효과)

  • Kim, Jinha;Kim, Kyunghee;Lee, Seongju
    • The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.79-87
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    • 2019
  • This study examined the effect of e-learning contents with different dual-coding, media-richness, and cognitive-load degree on learning. To do so, after dividing summary and explanation presentation methods in e-learning contents according to information's quantity and kind, the effects on teaching presence and academic achievement were examined. The summary presentation method was produced as text type and text+illustration type and the explanation presentation method as audio type and audio+video type. The results of this study are as follows. First, in the summary method, the text+illustration type had significantly higher teaching presence than text type. Second, in the explanation method, the audio type was found to be significantly higher than the audio+video type. Third, the interaction between the summary method and explanation method was found to be significant in teaching presence and academic achievement.

Effects of Dopants Introduced into the Poly-Si on the Formation of Ti-Silicides (Poly-Si에 첨가한 도펀트가 Titanium Silicides 형성에 미치는 영향 Ⅱ)

  • Ryu, Yeon-Soo;Choi, Jin-Seog;Paek, Su-Hyon
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.73-80
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    • 1990
  • The formation of Ti-silicides with the type of substrate, the species and the concentration of dopant, and the annealing temperature was investigated with sheet resistance and thickness measurement, elemental depth profilling, and microstructure. It was directly affected by the type of substrate, the species and the concentration of dopant, and the annealing temperature. For the amorphous Si substrate, the smothness of $TiSi_2/Si$ interface was increased. Above concentr-ation of $1{\times}10^{16}ions/cm^2$, the rate of $TiSi_2/Si$ formation was decreased and the sheet resistance was increased. The initial profile of dopant according to the implantation energy was one of the factors influencing the out-diffusion of dopant. In $POCI_3$ process, this was less than in ion implantation process.

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Legibility evaluation of the safety and health information used in pesticides (농약 표시 글자 크기 가이드라인 설정을 위한 가독성 평가)

  • Lim, Chang-Wook;Hwang, Rae-Young;Song, Young-Woong
    • Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.29-35
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    • 2011
  • Safety and health related information for the proper use and handling of pesticides is usually printed on the surface of the pesticide products (bottle type or bag type) in the form of texts. But, the guidelines or standards for the appropriate presentation of the texts for the pesticide products are most vague or not practical. Thus, this study aimed to provide the preliminary guidelines for the text sizes based on the legibility experiments. Total twenty subjects from two age groups (young: n=10, old: n=10, five males and five females in each group) participated in the experiment. First, subjects read the text cards presented in the distance of 50cm from the eyes of the subjects. Eight different text card sets were prepared for different font type(thick gothic-type and fine gothic-type), thickness of font(plain and bold), and number of syllables (2 and 3 syllables). When subjects read the cards, the correctness of reading (correct or wrong) was recorded and the degree of discomfort (from 1: no discomfort at all to 4: can't read at all) was also evaluated for all the text sizes. Results showed that the character size should be 4 pt or larger for the young subjects to read at least one word correctly in all the text conditions. For the old subjects to read at least one word correctly, the character size should be five pt or larder. The average of the minimum character sizes for 100% correct answer is 6.1 pt for young subjects and 10.5 pt for old subjects, respectively.

Comparative Study of Text Entry Speed and Accuracy Using the Three Different Keyboard Type in Students with Cerebral Palsy: Case Study (키보드 유형에 따른 뇌성마비 학생의 문자입력 속도 및 정확도 비교: 사례연구)

  • Jeong, Dong-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.23-35
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    • 2015
  • PURPOSE: People with physical disabilities such as cerebral palsy usually experience obstacles when interacting with computer through conventional keyboard because of their motor disabilities. The purpose of this study is empirically compare of text entry(alphabet and word) speed and accuracy using the three different keyboard type on four students(male 2 and female 2) with cerebral palsy. METHODS: This research design used a replicated single-case experimental approach to compare the individual performance. An alternating treatments design was used to examine the effectiveness of standard QWERTY keyboard and alternative keyboard(mini and big keyboard) on computer access for students with cerebral palsy. To avoid changes in posture that influence a keyboard character entry training and evaluation was carried out using his sitting in a wheelchair. Compass software program used in this study as an assessment tool to measure speed and accuracy when performance of text entry(alphabet and word). This was repeated until the stable status of reaction time. RESULTS: As a result, the alternative keyboard seems to be the most effective device for students with cerebral palsy to perform text entry. But various factors such as peculiarity of motor disabilities, experience and preferences of the user are heavily related. CONCLUSION: Thus, we must perform the objective and systematic assessment for computer access and if sustained training is accomplished, it could to improve speed and accuracy of text entry(alphabet and word).

- For the Development of Inquiring, integrated Science Curricular Materials - The Comparison and Analysis of Inquiry Activity between "The FAST Program" and "The Secondary Science Books" (탐구적 통합 과학 교재 개발을 위한, "FAST program"과 "중등 과학 교과서"의 탐구 활동 비교 분석)

  • Son, Yeon-A;Lee, Hack-Dong
    • Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.45-57
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    • 1994
  • The purpose of this study is to verify whether the FAST program is the Inquiry Science Curricular Materials, through the Comparison and Analysis of Inquiry Activities between the FAST program and our Secondary Science Books. The results of this study are as follows ; 1. FAST has 226 tasks of the Inquiry Activities, which is analyzed over two times than our text. 2. In level one, FAST holds the parts of Synthesizing Results and Evaluation, Hypothesizing and Designing an Experiment but u.ese aren't found in our text. 3. In level two, our text is analyzed No Discussion 72.2%, Demonstrating or Verifying the Content of the Text 82%, but FAST has Discussion Guided 81.8%, and isn't found any tesk of Demonstrating or Verifying the Content of the text. 4. In level three, our text is exposed a typical type I and analyzed Inquiry Index 15-25 ( Middle ), but FAST is found type IV, excepting Manipulating Apparatus and Observation and analyzed Inquiry Index over 35 ( Very - High ). Therefore, FAST Program is proved to be the desirable Inquiry Science Curricular Materials. In future, this worker is to arrange the results of the following paper as follows ; 1. The verification of the FAST Program by means of the Integrated Science Curricular Materials. 2. The development of the Inquiring, Integrated Science Curricular Materials through the results of the preceding study.

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Deriving TrueType Features for Letter Recognition in Word Images (워드이미지로부터 영문인식을 위한 트루타입 특성 추출)

  • SeongAh CHIN
    • Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.35-48
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    • 2002
  • In the work presented here, we describe a method to extract TrueType features for supporting letter recognition. Even if variously existing document processing techniques have been challenged, almost few methods are capable of recognize a letter associated with its TrueType features supporting OCR free, which boost up fast processing time for image text retrieval. By reviewing the mechanism generating digital fonts and birth of TrueType, we realize that each TrueType is drawn by its contour of the glyph table. Hence, we are capable of deriving the segment with density for a letter with a specific TrueType, defined by the number of occurrence over a segment width. A certain number of occurrence appears frequently often due to the fixed segment width. We utilize letter recognition by comparing TrueType feature library of a letter with that from input word images. Experiments have been carried out to justify robustness of the proposed method showing acceptable results.

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Construction of Full-text Database by SGML (문서기술언어 SGML에 의한 전문 데이터베이스의 구축)

  • Kim, Chang-Bong
    • Journal of Information Management
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.35-56
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    • 1996
  • SGML(Standard Generalized Markup Language) and its application to full-text database including a table, a figure and a picture are explained. A structure of SGML based full-text database Is defined by DTD(document type definition) written in SGML, and full-text itself is described with generalized markup depending on DTD. This article explains how to represent a document structure : a hierarchical structure like a chapter, a section, or a paragraph, or non-hierarchical(referencial) structure like a note, a table, a figure or a picture. Merits of SGML, electronic publishing, a retrieval system or hypertext and SGML tools are also described.

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Text Classification with Heterogeneous Data Using Multiple Self-Training Classifiers

  • William Xiu Shun Wong;Donghoon Lee;Namgyu Kim
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.789-816
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    • 2019
  • Text classification is a challenging task, especially when dealing with a huge amount of text data. The performance of a classification model can be varied depending on what type of words contained in the document corpus and what type of features generated for classification. Aside from proposing a new modified version of the existing algorithm or creating a new algorithm, we attempt to modify the use of data. The classifier performance is usually affected by the quality of learning data as the classifier is built based on these training data. We assume that the data from different domains might have different characteristics of noise, which can be utilized in the process of learning the classifier. Therefore, we attempt to enhance the robustness of the classifier by injecting the heterogeneous data artificially into the learning process in order to improve the classification accuracy. Semi-supervised approach was applied for utilizing the heterogeneous data in the process of learning the document classifier. However, the performance of document classifier might be degraded by the unlabeled data. Therefore, we further proposed an algorithm to extract only the documents that contribute to the accuracy improvement of the classifier.