• Medical Lasers
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.153-160
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• 2021

Background and Objectives This study was conducted to investigate the change of total work and total work ratio for each set, peak heart rate during exercise, and blood lactate for each set during the 5-set bench press exercise at 75% one repetition maximum test (1-RM). Materials and Methods Seven men in their 20s with more than 6 months of experience doing resistance exercises were selected as subjects, and their 1-RM bench press was measured two weeks before the experiment and 75% 1-RM was measured one week before the experiment. In this study, total work was measured for each set, and heart rate was measured during rest and set-by-set exercise. Blood lactate was measured during rest time after each set. The raw data were analyzed by repeated one-way ANOVA. Results Total work and total work ratio decreased from 1 set to 4 sets (p < .05), p < .001), heart rate increased from stable at the start of exercise (p < .001) and decreased between 3 sets and 4 sets (p < .05). Blood lactate increased continuously up to 2 sets (p < .001, p < .01). Conclusion In conclusion, total work and heart rate decreased with muscle fatigue during exercise, and blood lactate continuously increased. The results of this study are expected to be useful references for constructing resistance exercise programs in the future.

• Architectural research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2023

This study aims to derive key construction supervision work that can be digitalized among construction supervision work. The scope of the study includes domestic construction sites to which the Building Act of South Korea is applied. First, the construction supervision process was identified through extensive consultation of construction expert witnesses. Afterwards, the key construction supervision works for digitization were derived through survey results construction expert witnesses. Among the 24 supervision works throughout the pre-construction, construction, and post-construction stages, the proportion of supervision work manpower or cost, the type of data generated by supervision work and the urgency of introducing digital technology, and the impact on productivity and safety of supervision work were evaluated on a 5-point scale from "very low" to "very high" was investigated. The survey was conducted by t-test analysis, and as a result, it was possible to derive that the level of digitization was higher than average in "quality management," "safety management," and "collection and cooperation of maintenance instructions." It can be interpreted that digitization has been introduced on a pilot testing basis or has already been completed according to the needs of the site. On the other hand, it can be interpreted that the work that are obtained below the average score are considered to be realistically constrained at the construction site and that it is inevitable for the supervisor to proceed manually. Future studies include analyzing the quantitative impact of the key construction supervision work once digitalization is fully applied.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.73-93
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of work-family conciliation strategies on work-family conflict and enrichment in dual-earner couples who live in Daegu with children. The subjects of this study were 176 dual-earner couples, who have under 16 youngest children and work over 15 hours each week. The research tool was questionnaires. For data analysis, factor analysis, Cronbach ${\alpha}$, paired t-test and multiple regression were performed. The main results of this study were as following. First, there were significant differences in management and planning skill strategy, work-family conflict and enrichment according to gender. Second, positive attitudes strategy toward multiple responsibilities, wives use, had an influence on work${\rightarrow}$family conflict in wives. Also, partner coping, management and planning skill, and positive attitudes strategy, wives use, and management and planning skill strategy, husbands use, had an influence on family${\rightarrow}$work conflict in wives. And management and planning skill and professional adjustment strategy, husbands use, had an influence on family${\rightarrow}$work conflict in husbands. work-family conciliation strategies had no influence on work${\rightarrow}$family conflict. Third, positive attitudes strategy toward multiple responsibilities, wives use, had an influence on work${\rightarrow}$family enrichment in wives. Also, partner coping strategy, wives use, and management and planning skill strategy, husbands use, had an influence on family${\rightarrow}$work enrichment in wives. And positive attitudes strategy toward multiple responsibilities, husbands use, had an influence on work${\rightarrow}$family enrichment in husbands. Also management and planning skill strategy, wives use, and partner coping, professional adjustment and management and planning skill strategy had an influence on family${\rightarrow}$work enrichment in husbands.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 2014

Objectives : Shift work disorder occurs when you have difficulties adjusting to a work schedule that takes place during a time which most people sleep. Some people may have diverse psychosomatic symptoms, such as sleep problems, depression, anxiety, and headaches even after the shift work schedule ends. The aims of this study are to compare difference of psychosomatic symptoms between rotating shift and daytime working nurse groups. Methods : Volunteer nurses working in a general hospital were recruited in a general hospital. We collected sociodemographic data. We used questionnaires for headache type, headache frequency, and VAS(Visual Analog Scale) for headache intensity, BDI(Beck depression Inventory) and GSAQ(Global Sleep Assessment Questionnaire). We used Mann-Whitney test and Chi-square test for hypothesis testing. Results : Data collected from 84 women nurses. Rotating shift(N=37) working nurses showed younger, more unmarried, and shorter work periods than daytime working nurses (N=47). Also rotating shift group showed more problems of headache, insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, depression and anxiety than daytime group. The above results were statistically significant. Conclusions : The rotating shift work women nurses produced more headache, insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, depression, and anxiety than daytime working ones.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.793-810
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• 2022

Purpose: As improving the search performance of aviation security equipment is considered essential, this study proposes the need for research on how to find an optimized test sequence that can reduce test time and operator power during the search function test of explosive detection systems. We derive the weights and work difficulty adjustment factor required to find the optimized test order. Methods: First, after setting the test factors, the time of each test and the difficulty scale determined by the worker who performed the test directly were used to derive weights. Second, the work difficulty adjustment coefficient was determined by combining the basic weight adjustment factor and corresponding to the body part used by the test using objective rating. Then the final standard time was derived by calculating the additional weights for the changeability of the test factors. Results: The order in which the final standard time is minimized when 50 tests are performed was defined as the optimized order. 50 tests should be conducted without duplication and the optimal order of tests was obtained when compared to previously numbered tests. As a result of minimizing the total standard time by using Excel's solver parameters, it was reduced by 379.14 seconds, about 6.32 minutes. Conclusion: We tried to express it in mathematical formulas to propose a method for setting an optimized test sequence even when testing is performed on other aviation security equipment. As a result, the optimal test order was derived from the operator's point of view, and it was demonstrated by minimizing the total standard time.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.308-313
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• 2004

SP test has been confirmed the availability, however the application of SP test is hampered because the relation of stress-strain and load-displacement is not determined definitely. This study suggested an evaluation technique of plastic flow characteristic for X20CrMoV121 steel weldment through inverse analysis using SP test and finite element analysis(FEA). From the result, good agreement was found in load-displacement curves obtained from SP test and FEA. Also, The behavior of load-displacement curve from FEA show a rule that load is increase with increasing K(strength coefficient) and displacement is increase with increasing n(work hardening index). From the inverse analysis, true stress-strain curve could be obtained for each local structure of weldment. And the CGHAZ and WM, which showed lower load- displacement behavior, have smaller work hardening index, while FGHAZ have the largest index.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.61-66
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• 2012

Conventional method to transform vehicle driving condition to engine operation mode is to use vehicle road load under neutral gear and mechanical efficiency of drivetrain. But this method requires additional measurement of efficiency of drivetrain on a test rig. And this measurement is normally done at fixed speed and thus estimated accuracy of engine operation mode is not considered to be high enough. This study suggests new method to calculate engine operation mode for prescribed driving mode such as NEDC using vehicle coastdown test under gear engaged condition without measurement of mechanical efficiency of drivetrain. Coastdown test was done under neutral and gear engaged condition for comparison and also trial to extract mechanical loss of drivetrain was carried out. Calculated engine torque by conventional and newly suggested method was compared with actually measured torque of a vehicle on a chassis dynamometer during NEDC. Newly suggested method showed slightly higher accuracy of accumulated brake work during NEDC.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.184-191
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• 2015

Chemical mutagenicity is a major hazard that is important to workers' health. Despite the use of large amounts of allyl chloride, the available mutagenicity data for this chemical remains controversial. To clarify the mutagenicity of allyl chloride and because a micronucleus (MN) test had not yet been conducted, we screened for MN induction by using male ICR mice bone marrow cells. The test results indicated that this chemical is not mutagenic under the test conditions. In this paper, the regulatory test battery and several assay combinations used to determine the genotoxic potential of chemicals in the workplace have been described. Further application of these assays may prove useful in future development strategies of hazard evaluations of industrial chemicals. This study also should help to improve the testing of this chemical by commonly used mutagenicity testing methods and investigations on the underlying mechanisms and could be applicable for workers' health.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.153-171
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• 2003

The scores of TOEFL, TOEIC, and TEPS have been increasingly used for many purposes in Korea. In particular, these test scores are being used as a predictor for determining readiness for and success in college work, or as a measure of the testees' overall English proficiency. Nonetheless, studies have rarely proposed that the validity of the test scores is used for either purpose. As a preliminary step to explore the predictive validity of the test scores, we collected the scores of TOEFL, TOEIC, and TEPS from thirty students of a university as well as their cumulative grade point averages (GPAs). The correlations between the test scores and GPAs show that TOEFL will be most likely to have the highest validity coefficient as a predictor for determining success in college work as well as a measure of overall English proficiency. Although this study has a few limitations such as the small number of participants, their homogeneousness as a group, etc., it provides some insight into the use of the three tests for college admissions and measurement of overall English proficiency and suggests need for conducting further validation studies in these areas.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2023

We investigated the work-life balance of clinical professors in charge of patient care, research, and education at medical schools and the demand for work-life balance support according to position (professor, associate professor, or assistant professor). In total, 163 clinical professors completed the consent form and participated in the study. They filled out an online survey consisting of questions about essential characteristics, a work-life balance test, stress, burnout, work-life satisfaction, and work-life balance support needs. We analyzed the results by analysis of variance and cross-tabulation using IBM SPSS ver. 23.0. Differences were found in work-life balance, stress, burnout, and satisfaction with life and work by position. The requirements for support for work-life balance also varied by professional status. Professors had a higher balance between life and work than associate professors or assistant professors. The specific requirements for work-life balance support were also slightly different for each position. Overall, there was a high demand for work process simplification and efficiency for work support, flexible working hours and sabbatical years for family and leisure, and career management consulting and training support for growth. Assistant professors and associate professors had a lower level of work-life balance than professors, as well as higher levels of stress and burnout. Professors' job satisfaction was also higher than that of the other groups. Based on the results of this study, we hope that a healthy work environment can be established through work-life balance support suitable for clinical professors' positions.