• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.38-47
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• 2024

PURPOSE. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of different shade selection techniques and determine the matching success of crown restorations fabricated using digital shade selection techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Teeth numbers 11 and 21 were prepared on a typodont model. For the #11 tooth, six different crowns were fabricated with randomly selected colors and set as the target crowns. The following four test groups were established: Group C, where the visual shade selection was performed using the Vita 3D Master Shade Guide and the group served as the control; Group Ph, where the shade selection was performed under the guidance of dental photography; Group S, where the shade selection was performed by measuring the target tooth color using a spectrophotometer; and Group I, where the shade selection was performed by scanning the test specimens and target crowns using an intraoral scanner. Based on the test groups, 24 crowns were fabricated using different shade selection techniques. The ΔE values were calculated according to the CIEDE2000 (2:1:1) formula. The collected data were analyzed by means of a one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS. For the four test groups (Groups C, Ph, S, and I), the following mean ΔE values were obtained: 2.74, 3.62, 2.13, and 3.5, respectively. No significant differences were found among the test groups. CONCLUSION. Although there was no statistically significant difference among the shade selection techniques, Group S had relatively lower ΔE values. Moreover, according to the test results, the spectrophotometer shade selection technique may provide more successful clinical results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Statistical Society Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.89-94
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• 2001

In this study we focus on variable selection in decision tree growing structure. Some of the splitting rules and variable selection algorithms are discussed. We propose a competitive variable selection method based on Kruskal-Wallis test, which is a nonparametric version of ANOVA F-test. Through a Monte Carlo study we note that CART has serious bias in variable selection towards categorical variables having many values, and also QUEST using F-test is not so powerful to select informative variables under heavy tailed distributions.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.235-252
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• 2010

Regression testing is a very costly process performed primarily as a software maintenance activity. It is the process of retesting the modified parts of the software and ensuring that no new errors have been introduced into previously tested source code due to these modifications. A regression test selection technique selects an appropriate number of test cases from a test suite that might expose a fault in the modified program. In this paper, we propose both a regression test selection and prioritization technique. We implemented our regression test selection technique and demonstrated in two case studies that our technique is effective regarding selecting and prioritizing test cases. The results show that our technique may significantly reduce the number of test cases and thus the cost and resources for performing regression testing on modified software.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.5D
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• pp.703-708
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• 2006

In the United States and Japan ITS device performance test-beds have been widely developed to enhance the reliability of traffic information and to expedite the standardization of components for securing the compatibility of device. In this study the selection criteria for developing ITS device performance test-bed are investigated by analyzing the cases and studies of overseas. Based on the criteria, a test-bed is developed and test-run. The importance of developing ITS device performance test-bed was identified as the result of reviewing the test run of each selection.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.99-113
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• 2015

The purpose of the study was to explore differences in perceived importance among factors of motives for participating in outdoor sports, product selection criteria of outdoor sportswear and store selection criteria, and in buying frequencies among store types and store locations. Another purpose was to find differences in importance of product selection criteria of outdoor sportswear and store selection criteria and in buying frequencies according to store types and store locations among groups according to motives for participation in outdoor sports. The questionnaire was developed by the researcher and was collected by 221 women aged between 40 and 59. The questionnaire was composed of four parts including participation motives, store selection criteria, and product selection criteria measured by Likert type scale, and demographic characteristics measured by nominal scale. Data were analyzed by frequency test, factor analysis, repeated measure ANOVA, Bonferroni adjusted t-test, cluster analysis by Ward method, ANOVA and Tukey's test as a post-hoc test. The results of the study showed that middle-aged women rated health improvement motive as the most important factor for participating in outdoor sports. Among product selection criteria, comfort was the most important, and among store selection, personal selling was the most important. Among store types, buying frequency in off-price store was the highest and among store locations, buying frequency in stores in a residential area was the highest. Moreover, three groups were classified according to motives for participation in outdoor sports: the health improvement motive group, the conspicuous/sociable motive group, the lower motive group The health improvement motive group rated comfort as the most important factor for product selection criteria, and showed the highest buying frequency in downtown stores. Conspicuous/sociable motive groups valued design and utilization for an everyday wear and shopped more frequently in specialty store and/or in downtown stores.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 1983

The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between needs and factors of clothing Selection. 400 women students from 4 universities and colleges in Seoul were selected and tested. And Hwang Jeongkyu's Needs inventory test sheets for need inventory test and the questionnaire based on Lee Eunju's study for factors of clothing selection were given to the sample. The test data was computerized to get the relationship. The results are as follows: (I) Behavior of clothing selection according to expression of individuality correlated significantly with achievement, aggression, dominance, emotionality, exhibitionism, sex, and autonomy at the .01 level. (2) Behavior of clothing selection according to utility correlated significantly with abasement, and affiliation at the .01 level. and with emotionality at the .05 level, (3) Behavior of clothing selection according to economy correlated significantly with abasement, affiliation, dominance, emotionality, and exhibitionism at the .05 level, and with achievement at the .01 level. (4) Behavior of clothing selection according to modesty correlated significantly with abasement, exhibitionism, and sex at the .01 level. (5) Behavior of clothing selection according to conformity correlated significantly with abasement, emotionality, and autonomy at the .01 level, and with dominance at the .05 level.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.397-405
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• 1998

We develop parametric bootstrap model selection criteria in an example to fit a random sample to either a general normal distribution or a normal distribution with prespecified mean. We apply the bootstrap methods in two ways; one considers the direct substitution of estimated parameter for the unknown parameter, and the other focuses on the bias correction. These bootstrap model selection criteria are compared with AIC. We illustrate that all the selection rules reduce to the one sample t-test, where the cutoff points converge to some certain points as the sample size increases.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to develop a test of a creative problem solving (CPS) for the selection of gifted science students in elementary school. For this, the methods and procedures of the selection of gifted science students was investigated through the internet homepages 23 gifted science education centers of universities and 16 city. province offices of education. The results of this study were as follows: Most of the gifted science students were selected through a multi-step examination process. They were selected on the basis of their records by recommendation of a principal or a classroom teacher in their school, by operation of standardized tests (ex. intelligence quotient score, achievements in science and mathematics, interest and attitude/aptitude for science as well as through other means), as well as through intensive observation of those gifted science students who are selected by interview and oral tests. The selection of gifted students was not evaluated through creativity testing; giftedness in city. province office of education. Testing of CPS was found to be especially lacking in these organizations. For the development of the test items of CPS in science, the five elements were extracted through the framework for the content analysis of the CPS: problem exploration, problem statement, solution thinking, experiment design, and assesment. In addition, suggestions were made regarding an appropriate scoring system for the test of the CPS. As the result of the developed test was applied to the 4th grade of the gifted and general student, we found that gifted students were superior to general students. In conclusion, it was that the CPS test developed in this study should be used to evaluate the CPS for the selection of gifted students.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.193-207
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• 2001

When designing a test set, we need to consider constraints on items that are deemed important by item developers or test specialists. The constraints are essentially on the components of the test domain or abilities relevant to a given test set. And so if the test domain could be represented in a more refined form, test construction would be made in a more efficient way. We assume that relationships among task abilities are representable by a causal model and that the item response theory (IRT) is not fully available for them. In such a case we can not apply traditional item selection methods that are based on the IRT. In this paper, we use entropy as an uncertainty measure for making inferences on task abilities and developed an optimal item selection algorithm which reduces most the entropy of task abilities when items are selected from an item pool.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.2 s.161
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• pp.206-216
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in the cosmetic purchasing behavior influenced by make-up preference images, and the orders of importance in the cosmetic store selection. The questionnaires were given to female residents in the ages between $20{\sim}45$ in Seoul and Kyung-gi province. 322 questionnaires were used for data analysis. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS 10.0 software with various techniques such as Frequency analysis, Factor analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ reliability analysis, Paired t-test, ANOVA test and Duncan test. The results of this study were as follows: 1. After investigating how the make-up preference image influences the selection of the off-line cosmetic store, it was found out that the personal service, shopping convenience, and product composition had significant differences. 2. After investigating how the make-up preference image influences the selection of the on-line cosmetic store, it was found out that only the product composition had significant difference. 3. After studying the factors that influence the off-line cosmetic store selection, it was found that the personal service was considered most important. After studying the factors that influence the on-line cosmetic store selection, it was found that the price was considered most important.