• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.273-282
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• 2022

구성가능한 소프트웨어 제품라인 시험은 모든 멤버제품들에 포함되는 공통 부분과 일부 또는 단일 제품에 포함되는 가변 부분을 고려해야 하기 때문에 단일 제품 시험 방법들을 그대로 적용하기 어렵다. 소프트웨어 시스템 시험에서 시험 커버리지는 수행된 시험의 적절성을 측정하는 척도이다. 구성가능한 소프트웨어 제품라인으로부터 생성될 수 있는 멤버제품들은 수백 개에 이를 수 있기 때문에 시험 커버리지 측정은 소프트웨어 제품라인 수준에서 시험의 적절성을 평가하기 위해 중요하다. 이 논문은 구성가능한 소프트웨어 제품라인 시험에서 제품라인 수준의 코드 커버리지 측정 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법은 피처 집합의 포함 관계를 기준으로 제품들을 계층화한 후 제품라인의 멤버제품들을 시험하고, 시험으로부터 얻어진 각 제품의 시험 커버리지들을 종합하여 SPL 시험 커버리지를 정량화한다. 제안한 방법을 11개의 구성가능한 소프트웨어 제품라인 사례에 적용하여 검증한 결과, 제안한 방법은 SPL 시험이 얼마나 철저하게 수행되었는지를 정량적으로 기술하여 SPL 시험의 적정성을 확인할 수 있도록 도왔다. 또한, 새로 추가된 SPL 멤버제품의 시험이 이전 멤버제품 시험 대비 커버리지를 증가시키는 방향인지 확인할 수 있어 새로운 시험케이스들이 멤버제품들 간의 차이를 커버하는 방향으로 시험이 이루어지고 있는지 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.688-699
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• 2017

Model-based test, a well-known method of the black box tests, is consisted of the following four steps : model construction using requirement, test case generation from the model, execution of a SUT (software under test) and detection failures. Among models constructed in the first step, state-based models such as UML standard State Machine are commonly used to design event-based embedded systems (e.g., weapon control systems). To generate test cases from state-based models in the next step, coverage-based techniques such as state coverage and transition coverage are used. Round-trip path coverage technique using W-Method, one of coverage-based techniques, is known as more effective method than others. However it has a limitation of low failure observability because the W-Method technique terminates a testing process when arrivals meet states already visited and it is hard to decide the current state is completely same or not with the previous in the case like the GUI environment. In other words, there can exist unrevealed faults. Therefore, this study suggests a Extended W-Method. The Extended W-Method extends the round-trip path to a final state to improve failure observability. In this paper, we compare effectiveness and efficiency with requirement-item-based technique, W-Method and our Extended W-Method. The result shows that our technique can detect five and two more faults respectively and has the performance of 28 % and 42 % higher failure detection probability than the requirement-item-based and W-Method techniques, respectively.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.449-455
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• 2015

Built-In-Test(이하: BIT)는 항공기 비행안전을 위해 반드시 필요한 기능으로 항공전자 장비의 경우 95% 이상의 높은 고장 진단능력을 요구하고 있다. BIT가 요구도에 명시된 고장 진단능력을 만족시키는지 확인하기 위해 BIT 성능분석이 필요하다. BIT 성능분석을 위해 FMECA (Failure Mode Effect Critical Analysis)에 기술된 고장모드를 활용하는 방법이 많이 사용되고 있으나, 본 논문에서는 분석 오류를 최소화할 수 있는 전자부품 기반의 BIT 성능분석 방법론을 소개한다. 또한, BIT 성능분석에서 제외될 수 있는 비행안전에 영향을 미치지 않는 전자부품 및 전자부품의 고장모드를 실제 개발사례에 적용하여 불필요한 BIT 기능 구현을 방지하고 정확한 BIT 성능분석을 수행할 수 있도록 하였다. BIT Demo를 수행하여 BIT 성능분석 결과와 실제 BIT 성능이 일치함을 확인하였다.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2003

Key frame extraction has been recognized as one of tile important research issues in video information retrieval. Although progress has been made in key frame extraction, the existing approaches do not evaluate the importance of extracted frame Quantitatively, and Dey are computationally expensive or ineffective. In this Paper, we introduce a new 미해rithm for key frame extraction using shot coverage and distortion. The algorithm finds significant key frames from candidate key frames. When selecting the candidate frames, the coverage rate to the total frames from each frame is computed by using the difference between the adjacent frames in tile shot. The frames within 10$\%$ from the top are selected as the candidates. Then, by comfuting the distortion rate of the candidates against all frames, pick the frames which arc most representative are selected. The performance of the proposed algorithm has been verified by a statistical test. Experiments show that more than 13-50$\%$ improvement has been obtained by the proposed algorithm compared to the existing methods.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2016

Defense Acquisition Program Administration's weapon system software development and management guideline specifies the criteria of software reliability tests including static and dynamic tests mainly on C/C++ languages. Recently, Defense Acquisition Program Administration expanded the scope of software reliability test for the various languages including C#, java etc. but specific criteria for them are not established. This study suggests the reliability test procedures and standards on C# programming software in weapon system. For the static test, considering the nature of the C# which depends on .NET framework, this paper introduces applying coding rules recommended by Microsoft Corp. Visual Studio 2012. Block coverage provided by Visual Studio is applied on dynamic tests and the achievement objectives for block coverage according to the software levels(A, B, C) are suggested. Also, the software reliability test procedures and standards proposed by this paper are properly verified through the case study. The result of this study can be used for establishing the specific criteria of the software reliability test for C# programming software in weapon system.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2007

소프트웨어 제품의 정확한 인도시기를 예측하거나 효용성 및 신뢰성을 예측하기 위해서는 소프트웨어 테스팅 과정에서 중요한 요소인 테스트 커버리지를 이용하면 보다 효율적인 테스팅 작업을 할 수 있다. 이런 모형을 ENHPP모형이라고 한다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 소프트웨어 신뢰성 모형인 지수 커버리지 모형과 S-커버리지 모형을 재조명하고 이 분야에 적용될 수 있는 Burr 분포에 기초한 Burr 커버리지 모형을 제안하였다. 고장 간격 시간으로 구성된 자료를 이용한 모수추정 방법은 최우추정법 과 일반적인 수치해석 방법인 이분법을 사용하여 모수 추정을 실시하고 효율적인 모형 선택은 편차자승합(SSE) 및 콜모고로프 거리를 적용하여 모형들에 대한 효율적인 모형선택도 시도하였다. NTDS 자료를 사용한 임무시간 비교 분석한 결과 Burr 커버리지 모형 시행이 지수나 S-형 모형보다 우수함을 보이고 있다. 이 자료들에서 기존의 모형과 Burr 커버리지 모형의 비교를 위하여 산술적 및 라플라스 검정, 편의 검정등을 이용하였다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.132-140
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• 2002

This paper presents an ARM-based SOC bus transaction verification IP and the usage experiences in SOC designs. The verification IP is an AMBA AHB protocol checker, which captures legal AHB transactions in FSM-style signal sequence checking routines. This checker can be considered as a reusable verification IP since it does not change unless the bus protocol changes. Our AHB protocol checker is designed to be scalable to any number of AHB masters and reusable for various AMBA-based SOC designs. The keys to the scalability and the reusability are Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), virtual port, and bind operation. This paper describes how OOP, virtual port, and bind features are used to implement AHB protocol checker. Using the AHB protocol checker, an AHB simulation monitor is constructed. The monitor checks the legal bus arbitration and detects the first cycle of an AHB transaction. Then it calls AHB protocol checker to check the expected AHB signal sequences. We integrate the AHB bus monitor into Verilog simulation environment to replace time-consuming visual waveform inspection, and it allows us to find design bugs quickly. This paper also discusses AMBA AHB bus transaction coverage metrics and AHB transaction coverage analysis. Test programs for five AHB masters of an SOC, four channel DMAs and a host interface unit are executed and transaction coverage for DMA verification is collected during simulation. These coverage results can be used to determine the weak point of test programs in terms of the number of bus transactions occurred and guide to improve the quality of the test programs. Also, the coverage results can be used to obtain bus utilization statistics since the bus cycles occupied by each AHB master can be obtained.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5464-5488
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• 2019

The multi-population genetic algorithm in multi-target paths coverage has become a top choice for many test engineers. Also, information sharing strategy can improve the efficiency of multi-population genetic algorithm to generate multi-target test data; however, there is still space for some improvements in several aspects, which will affect the effectiveness of covering the target path set. Therefore, a multi-target paths coverage strategy is proposed by improving multi-population genetic algorithm based on individual information sharing among populations. It primarily contains three aspects. Firstly, the behavior of the sub-population covering corresponding target path is improved, so that it can continue to try to cover other sub-paths after covering the current target path, so as to take full advantage of population resources; Secondly, the populations initialized are prioritized according to the matching process, so that those sub-populations with better path coverage rate are executed firstly. Thirdly, for difficultly-covered paths, the individual chromosome features which can cover the difficultly-covered paths are extracted by utilizing the data generated, so as to screen those individuals who can cover the difficultly-covered paths. In the experiments, several benchmark programs were employed to verify the accuracy of the method from different aspects and also compare with similar methods. The experimental results show that it takes less time to cover target paths by our approach than the similar ones, and achieves more efficient test case generation process. Finally, a plug-in prototype is given to implement the approach proposed.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.388-395
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• 2013

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to estimate the effects of occlusal stability to identify action mechanisms of mouthguards, known to have a modulatory effect on limb muscle function. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This study included 20 male subjects to perform the isokinetic muscle tests and the Wingate anaerobic power test on both knee joints under five closed-mouth conditions: without or with 4 types of mouthguards with thickness of 2 mm based on premolar area: (1) full-coverage, (2) anterior partial-coverage, (3) right posterior partial-coverage, and (4) left posterior partial-coverage. The obtained results were subjected to One-way ANOVA with repeated measures, followed by post hoc test of the contrast method (${\alpha}$=.05). RESULTS. There was no significant difference between the closed position with and without a full-coverage mouthguard in all variables. However, significant differences were observed between with and without a partial-coverage mouthguard in muscular endurance during extension of the left knee, muscular power and endurance during flexion of the right knee. Additionally, significant differences were found between occlusal states with full- and partial-coverage mouthguards in muscular power and endurance during extension of the left knee. CONCLUSION. These findings indicate the elevation of vertical dimension by 2 mm or the inducement of occlusal stability had little effect on isokinetic muscle strength and anaerobic performance, while uneven distribution of occlusal force might have some positive effects.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.443-454
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• 2020

자바스크립트 엔진은 주로 웹 브라우저에 적재되어 웹 페이지를 표시하는 여러 기능 중 자바스크립트 코드를 입력으로 받아 처리하는 모듈이다. 자바스크립트 엔진 내 취약점은 종단 사용자의 시스템 보안을 위협할 수 있어 많은 퍼징 테스트 연구가 수행되었다. 그중 일부 연구는 자바스크립트 엔진 내 테스트 커버리지를 유도하는 방식으로 퍼징 효율을 높였으나, 최적화되어 동적으로 생성된 기계어 코드에 대한 커버리지 유도 퍼징은 시도되지 않았다. 최적화된 자바스크립트 코드는 예외적인 흐름 발생 시 코드를 해제하는 런타임 가드의 기능으로 인해 퍼징을 통한 충분한 반복 테스트가 어렵다. 본 논문은 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 최적화 해제를 회피하여 최적화된 기계어 코드에 대해 퍼징 테스트를 수행하는 방법을 제안한다. 또한, 동적 바이너리 계측 방식으로 수행된 런타임 가드의 커버리지를 계측하고 커버리지 증가를 유도하는 방식을 제안한다. 실험을 통해, 본 연구가 제안하는 방식이 런타임 가드 커버리지, 시간당 테스트 횟수의 두가지 척도에서 기존의 방식보다 뛰어남을 보인다.