• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.49-49
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• 2021

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.691-694
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• 2022

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.43-55
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• 2015

Objectives : This study analyzed the managerial efficiency of hospitals and identified the productivity trends for three years. Methods : Data were collected from 44 tertiary hospitals and 32 university hospitals from 2009 to 2011. Efficiency scores and productivity trends were evaluated with the DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) method. The input variables were the numbers of beds, doctors, nurses, and health personnel, and the medical costs. The output variables were the numbers of outpatients, and inpatients, and the medical revenues. Along with the traditional input-oriented DEA analysis, the Malmquist Productivity Index(MPI) was calculated. Results : First, the mean values of the study variables showed gradual increases in all the variables for all the study years. Second, technical efficiency scores varied depending on the study year. Third, MPI decreased from 2009 to 2010 (MPI=0.986), and then increased from 2010 to 2011(MPI=1.011). The contributions of the Efficiency Change Index and Technical Change Index on the MPI varied depending on the study year. Conclusions : This study provides information to hospital managers about changes in hospital performances. External environments had more influence on hospital performances, and hospital managers will need to manage these influences from factors surrounding the hospitals.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.51-63
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• 1982

볼리비아국(國)의 우라늄광상(鑛床)은 주(主)로 Altiplano와 Cordillera Oriental에서 발견(發見)된다. Altiplano에서는 주(主)로 제3기(第三紀) 미색층(未色層)과 화산암(火山岩)에서 많은 방사능(放射能) 이상대(異常帶)가 발견(發見)되고 있으며 Cordillera Oriental에서는 고생대(古生代), 중생대(中生代) 및 제3기(第三紀)의 퇴적암류(堆積岩類)와 그리고 제3기(第三紀)의 열수광맥(熱水鑛脈) 및 섬장암질암(閃長岩質岩)에 중요(重要)한 이상대(異常帶)가 나타난다. 본리바아국(國)에서 산출(産出)되는 우라늄광상(鑛床)에 대(對)한 체계적(體系的)인 분류(分類)가 시도(施圖)되었으며 동시(同時)에 이들 상(鑛床)의 잠재성에 관(關)하여 검토(檢討)되었다. 볼리비아국(國)에서의 우라늄광상(鑛床)의 광범(廣範)한 분포(分布)와 함께 성인적(成因的) 다양성(多樣性)은 학술적(學術的) 및 경제적(經濟的)인 견지(見地)에서 지질학자(地質學者)들의 관심(關心)을 끌고 있다. 중요(重要)한 우라늄광상(鑛床)에 대(對)한 연구(硏究)는 별도논문(別途論文)으로 발표(發表)될 예정(豫定)이다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.565-577
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to propose an improvement in the Nursing Fee Differentiation Policy to alleviate polarization of nursing staffing level among hospitals and to rectify the confusion of legally mandated standards between the Korean Medical Law and National Health Insurance Act. Methods: The policy regulation was reconstructed related to nurse staffing standards and nurse-to-patients ratios. Data on nurse staffing grades were obtained from database of the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service (HIRA) for the third quarter of 2010 for 44 tertiary hospitals, 274 general hospitals, and 1,262 hospitals. A break-even analysis was used to estimate financial burden of the revised policy improvement proposal. An industrial engineering method was used to calculate Nurse-to-Patients ratios per shift. Results: Twelve tertiary hospitals were downgraded. 74 general hospitals and 102 hospitals were upgraded after application of the regulation. Finances for total hospitalization expenditures changed from -3.55% to +3.14%. Conclusion: The results indicate that the proposed policy would decrease polarization between tertiary hospitals and small hospitals, and would not put a major strain on the finances of the Korean National Health Insurance. Therefore, it is suggested that government stake-holders and many interest groups consider this policy proposal and build a consensus.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3541-3547
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• 2013

Background: This cross-sectional observational study was undertaken to establish clinico-pathological characteristics of patients with gynecological malignancies, focusing mainly on symptoms, histological type and stage of the disease at presentation, in a tertiary care setting in Eastern India. Materials and Methods: In the gynecology out-patient clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata, India, the patients with suggestive symptoms of gynecological malignancies were screened. Their diagnoses were confirmed by histopathology. One hundred thirteen patients with histopathologically confirmed gynecological malignancies were interviewed. Results: The most frequently reported symptoms by the patients with histopathologically confirmed gynecological malignancies were excessive, offensive with or without blood stained vaginal discharge (69.0%), irregular, heavy or prolonged vaginal bleeding (36.3%) and postmenopausal bleeding (31.9%). The majority of the patients (61.0%) had squamous cell carcinoma on histopathological examination, followed by adenocarcinoma (30.1%). Nearly half of the patients (48.7%) were suffering from the Federation Internationale des Gynaecologistes et Obstetristes (FIGO) stage III, followed by stage II (40.7%) malignancy. Conclusions: This study highlights that most of the patients with gynecological malignancies present late at an appropriate health care facility. Ovarian cancer may often have non-specific or misleading symptomatic presentation, whereas cervical cancer often presents with some specific symptoms. These observations point to the need for increasing awareness about gynecological malignancies in the community and providing easily accessible adequate facilities for early detection and treatment of the disease by optimal use of available resources, i.e. strengthening the primary health care system.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.281-292
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the validity and applicability of the Clinical Ladder System(CLS) Model for nurses and to suggest a model for nurses in general hospitals as well as tertiary hospitals. Methods: After refining questionnaires through focus group participation, a survey was carried out with 50 nurse managers and 500 staff nurses from 6 tertiary hospitals and 4 general hospitals. S-CVI and i-CVI for validity and applicability were calculated. Differences in validity and applicability by the type of hospitals and characteristics of respondents were analyzed using t-test and ANOVA. Results: S-CVI for validity and applicability of the CLS model were over 0.8 in two types of hospitals and the validity and applicability of the CLS model were confirmed. No differences were found in the total score for validity between the 2 types of hospitals, but in applicability, general hospitals had significantly lower applicability than tertiary hospitals. Some items showed difference according to characteristics of the respondents. CLS models were postulated based on the study results. Conclusion: The CLS model refined through this study can be used for nurses. In application, modifications are needed according to the conditions of each hospital.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2016

본 연구는 G대학에서 214명 대학생들을 대상으로 네 강좌로 나누어 일주일에 2시간씩 16주 동안 대학기초수학을 수업하는 과정에서 스마트폰을 활용한 비주얼 교육이 수학의 기본 개념 이해와 학업성취도에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 또한 스마트폰의 SNS를 통한 즉각적 피드백이 학습자의 학업에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 공학도구의 활용에 관하여 수업 전 사전테스트와 수업 후 사후테스트를 통해 총 30문항의 태도 검사를 실시하였다. 중간고사와 기말고사 결과를 분석하여 수업 중의 학습자의 수학개념에 대한 이해도와의 차이를 분석하였다. 연구결과로는 기존의 지필 풀이에만 의존했던 방식과 달리 공학 도구를 사용함으로써 시각적인 이해 방법으로 그래프와 수학의 개념적 연결고리가 형성되어 학습자의 개념적인 전이가능성을 보여주었다. 스마트폰을 비롯한 공학도구의 사용이 개념의 이해를 더 쉽도록 지원하였고 학생들의 자발적인 참여를 유도할 수 있었으며, 수학에 대한 흥미유발과 긍정적 태도를 촉진할 수 있다는 긍정적인 성과를 얻게 되었다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.35-48
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide fundamental data to develop an educational program for the development of nurses' core competences, and to improve the curriculum in nursing education institutions. Methods: This study, based on a descriptive survey, was conducted with 1,019 nurses working in a tertiary hospital in Seoul. Among 47 core nursing practice items, core nursing practices as perceived by the participants and relevant educational requirements were measured on a four-point scale. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for the mean and standard deviation, one way ANOVA, and Duncan test as post-hoc test. Results: Regarding the core nursing practice perceived as by the nurses, there were statistically significant differences in 43 out of 47 items according to nursing unit, and in 15 items according to clinical career. Regarding the educational requirements for core nursing practice, there were also statistically significant difference for the same items as perception differences according to nursing unit and clinical career. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest further study on the development of educational programs to advance the clinical expertise of nurses and for the development of curriculum reflecting the actual conditions and requirements in clinical nursing practice fields.

• 천문학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.237-240
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• 2005

We present images of L1551 IRS5 at angular resolutions as high as ${\~}$30 mas, corresponding to a spatial resolution of ${\~}$5 AU, made at 7 mm with the VLA. Previously known to be a binary protostellar system, we show that L1551 IRS5 is likely a triple protostellar system. The primary and secondary components have a projected separation of ${\~}$46 AU, whereas the tertiary component has a projected separation of ${\~}$11 AU from the primary component. The circumstellar dust disks of the primary and secondary components have dimensions of ${\~}$15 AU, whereas that of the tertiary component has a dimension of ${\~}$10 AU. Their major axes are closely, but not perfectly, aligned with each other, as well as the major axis of the surrounding flattened, rotating, and contracting molecular condensation (pseudodisk). Furthermore, the orbital motion of the primary and secondary components is in the same direction as the rotational motion of this pseudodisk. We suggest that all three protostellar components formed as a result of the fragmentation of the central region of the molecular pseudo disk. The primary and secondary components, but apparently not the tertiary component, each exhibits a bipolar ionized jet that is centered on and which emergers perpendicular to its associated dust disk. Neither jets are resolved along their base, implying that they are driven within a radial distance of ${\~}$2.5 AU from their central protostars. Finally, we show evidence for what may be dusty matter streams feeding the two main protostellar components.