• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.239-257
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to show that the topology is closely related to some subjects learned in school mathematics and then to give motivations for learning of the topology. To do this, it is showed that the topology is an abstracted device that deal with structure of limit and continuity introduced in school mathematics. This study took a literature study. The results of this study are as follows. First, the formal definition of general topology to structure open sets was examined. The nearness relation together with the closure operation was introduced and used to characterize for construction of general topology. Second, as definitions for continuity of function, we considered the intuitive definition, definition, structured definitions using open intervals and definition using open sets and then we investigated their roles. We also examined equivalent definition using the nearness relation which is helpful to understand continuity of function. Third, the sequence and its limit are treated in terms of continuous functions having the set of natural numbers and its extended set as domains. From these, it can be concluded that the convergence of sequence and the continuity of function are identified as functions that preserve the nearness relation and that the topology is a specialized tool for dealing with convergence and continuity.

• 대기
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2016

In this paper, I studied about historical seasonal subdivision system and a theory of traditional monthly order, which was used for so long from Koryo dynasty to the late of Choseon dynasty in Korean histoy. Especially, I took note of the fact that there used the table of solar terms and meteorological observation what we called the table of Kihoo-pyo in the historical Sunmyung-calendar and the Soosi-calendar during the Koryo dynasty. This table of Kihoo was developed for explaining meteorological change during a year at that time. Here are largely four elements related meteorological nature : the first is the list of 24 solar terms, and the second is 12 monthly seasonal terms and 12 monthly central terms, the third is about four right hexagon based I-ching, the fourth is 72 meteorological observations called 72-hoo. Among them, the 72-hoo system is important to know how premodern people observed natural materials including animals and plants, weather, climate about meteorological phenomena according to the seasonal change or solar terms' change during a year. I argued in this article to need developing modern new table of Kihoo system like that, in order to show common people to recognize annual meteorological change more easy and clear. I also argued to need a distinct definition of meteorological seasons from a view point of modern meteorology.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.122-130
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• 2009

A systems biology approach for the identification of perturbed molecular functions is required to understand the complex progressive disease such as breast cancer. In this study, we analyze the microarray data with Gene Ontology terms of molecular functions to select perturbed molecular functional modules in breast cancer tissues based on the definition of Gene ontology Functional Code. The Gene Ontology is three structured vocabularies describing genes and its products in terms of their associated biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions. The Gene Ontology is hierarchically classified as a directed acyclic graph. However, it is difficult to visualize Gene Ontology as a directed tree since a Gene Ontology term may have more than one parent by providing multiple paths from the root. Therefore, we applied the definition of Gene Ontology codes by defining one or more GO code(s) to each GO term to visualize the hierarchical classification of GO terms as a network. The selected molecular functions could be considered as perturbed molecular functional modules that putatively contributes to the progression of disease. We evaluated the method by analyzing microarray dataset of breast cancer tissues; i.e., normal and invasive breast cancer tissues. Based on the integration approach, we selected several interesting perturbed molecular functions that are implicated in the progression of breast cancers. Moreover, these selected molecular functions include several known breast cancer-related genes. It is concluded from this study that the present strategy is capable of selecting perturbed molecular functions that putatively play roles in the progression of diseases and provides an improved interpretability of GO terms based on the definition of Gene Ontology codes.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.565-586
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• 1998

Like many other school subjects, terminology is a starting point of mathematical thinking, and plays a key role in mathematics learning. Among several areas in mathematics, geometry is the area in which students usually have the difficulty of learning, and the new terms are frequently appeared. This is why we started to investigate geometric terms first. The purpose of this study is to investigate geometric terminology in school mathematics. To do this, we traced the historical transition of geometric terminology from the first revised mathematics curriculum to the 7th revised one, and compared the geometric terminology of korean, english, Japanese, and North Korean. Based on this investigation, we could find and structuralize the following four issues. The first issue is that there are two different perspectives regarding the definitions of geometric terminology: inclusion perspective and partition perspective. For example, a trapezoid is usually defined in terms of inclusion perspective in asian countries while the definition of trapezoid in western countries are mostly based on partition perspective. This is also the case of the relation of congruent figures and similar figures. The second issue is that sometimes there are discrepancies between the definitions of geometric figures and what the name of geometric figures itself implies. For instance, a isosceles trapezoid itself means the trapezoid with congruent legs, however the definition of isosceles trapezoid is the trapezoid with two congruent angles. Thus the definition of the geometric figure and what the term of the geometric figure itself implies are not consistent. We also found this kind of discrepancy in triangle. The third issue is that geometric terms which borrow the name of things are not desirable. For example, Ma-Rum-Mo(rhombus) in Korean borrows the name from plants, and Sa-Da-Ri-Gol(trapezoid) in Korean implies the figure which resembles ladder. These terms have the chance of causing students' misconception. The fourth issue is that whether we should Koreanize geometric terminology or use Chinese expression. In fact, many geometric terms are made of Chinese characters. It's very hard for students to perceive the ideas existing in terms which are made of chines characters. In this sense, it is necessary to Koreanize geometric terms. However, Koreanized terms always work. Therefore, we should find the optimal point between Chines expression and Korean expression. In conclusion, when we name geometric figures, we should consider the ideas behind geometric figures. The names of geometric figures which can reveal the key ideas related to those geometric figures are the most desirable terms.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.65-81
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• 2012

This is a study concerning about the definition of the concept of industrial heritage being mentioned often lately, and considering the term's origin and changing process aiming at clarifying and improving its undertone and understanding. Especially, it's a basic study to make people understand fundamentally what industrial heritage means and differences in Korea in where any innovative affair such as industrial revolution has never occurred. Looking into the origin and changing process of the industrial archaeology & industrial heritage terms, their concepts appear ambiguously defined due to their generational, phenomenal and terminological reason. but it's detectable that their subjects and timing range have been extended. Korea, China and Japan, the Asian nations also have gone through mainly phenomenal and terminological mess in accepting the terms. Korean industrial heritage can define from the definition of industrial heritage in Nyzni Tagil charter. It, however, have to redefine about period of industrialization. This study suggest the 4 steps of modern industrialization in Korea and insist that we have to conserve industrial heritages not only in colonial period but also in 1960-80 industrialization in korea.

• Journal of Ubiquitous Convergence Technology
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2008

The definition of the program control is introduced on the theory of the basis of the first integrals SDE system. That definition allows constructing the program control gives opportunity to stochastic system to remain on the given dynamic variety. The program control is considered in terms of dynamically invariant for stochastic process.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디지털정책학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.195-204
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• 2004

Due to growth of diversified media, content screening is the definite procedures. The procedures of screening varies from country by country in various reasons. Therefore, reason of conducting such study is to compare & contrast screening process by countries. In order to clarify definition of terms that measures screening, "censorship" means "legislative filtering process prior to public appearance". In contrary "Rating and/or Classification" is defined opposite of it. After defining these terms, Screening is dignified into two distinctive measures, which are "legislative intereference" and "voluntary notification". Those two measures are again sub-categorized into eight distinctive operational definition. Utilizing those distinctive measures, our study has concluded as US, Japan and some laissez-faire countries use "voluntary notification" systems but in contrast China and Brunei use "legislative filtering" system.? Korea and Australia uses unique combination of both system. In order for Korea to adopt "voluntary notification system", legislative intereference must be weaken and develop strong "voluntary notification" system.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.119-130
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• 1995

I study the extension of the definition of the analytic operator-valued Feynman integral to potentials given by a class of signed measures described in terms of additive functionals associated with regular Dirichlet forms.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2019년도 춘계학술논문요약집
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• pp.195-196
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• 2019

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.245-261
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• 2007

This paper deals with the possible problems which may arise when students learn the names of elementary geometric figures in the languages of Korean, Chinese, English. The names of some simple geometric figures in these languages are analyzed, and a specially designed test was administered to some grade eight students from the three language groups to explore the possible influence of the characteristics of the languages on students' capability in identifying the figures, the way students define the figures, and students' understanding of the inclusive relationship among figures. It was found that the usage of the terms to describe geometric figures may indeed have affected students' understanding of the figures. The names of geometric figures borrowed from those of everyday life objects may cause students to fix on some attributes of the objects which may not be consistent with the definition of the figures. Even when the names of the geometric figures depict the features of the figures, the words used in the naming of the figures may still affect students' understanding of the inclusive relations. If there is discrepancy between the definition of a geometric figure and the features that the name depicts, it may affect students' understanding of the definition of the figure, and if there is inconsistency in the classification of figures, it may affect students' understanding of the inclusive relationship involving those figures. Some implications of the study are then discussed.