• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2011

The first medical text in which detailed treatments of diseases by combinations of materia medica are mentioned is the "Shanghanzabinglun(傷寒雜病論)". True meaning of the combinations of materia medica used in this text lies in the fact that the efficacy of a prescription transcends that of the linear sum of each materia medica. This kind of concept regarding the composition of a prescription has come to contribute to the formation of theories in prescriptionology; However, it is difficult to analyze and interpret the meaning of each prescription separately because of differences in interpreting methods, points of view, and terminologies used by members of different academical branches. Therefore, it is desirable that one should understand a prescription as having been modified from a basic prescription, and then bring the interactions of ingredients into the picture, finally understanding the efficacy and chief virtues of the targeted prescription. Nevertheless, with the massive information of prescriptions, which exist in the format of texts, it is impossible to efficiently take advantage of prescription analyzing methods, and therefore the range of analysis extremely restricted. In order to overcomes these weaknesses, this paper suggests that object-oriented prescription database be constructed and that a search program for education and research that could facilitate an efficient access to the database be developed as well.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.224-236
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• 2003

본 연구는 '지역'이라는 현대지리학용어가 도입되기 이전에 국내에서 동일한 의미로 사용된 용어를 ‘지방'이라는 코드명을 통해 고찰한 것이다. 지역의 개념으로 사용된 용어를 삼국사기 단계에서 1956년까지의 각종문헌을 통하여 분석해 보고, 그 용어들이 과거에는 어떻게 표현되었으며, 근대지리학이 도입되면서 어떻게 바뀌었는지 살펴보았다. 그 결과 과거 우리나라에서는 외. 방, 외방, 지. 지면 등이 지역과 지방의 개념으로 사용되었음이 밝혀졌다. 이러한 용어들은 '지방'이 내포하고 있는 여러 가지 의미에 따라 다르게 표현되었으며, 또한 시대에 따라 상이하게 사용되었다. 그리고 현대지리학적 개념의 지방과 지역은 근대지리학이 도입되면서 사용되었다는 것을 확인하였다. 지리학용어에 대한 이러한 구체적인 연구결과는 지리학 기초용어의 오용과 남용을 줄이고. 지리학 발전의 토대를 마련하는데 이바지 할 것으로 기대된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.358-362
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• 2005

Directional words like 'ascending(升, sheng)', 'descending(降, jiang)', 'floating(浮, fu)', 'sinking(沈, chen) are technical terminologies of Oriental Medicine to express the directions of material medica functioning-at the phase of Qi-superiorly, inferiorly, exteriorly, and interiorly in human body, and are constituting one of the major principles in prescribing medicines. Lacking the objective methodology to measure or, at least determine Qi, However, we can not expect to secure meaningful data to verify those directional terms. This problematic situation caused chaotic discrepancy between theory and practice of Oriental Medicine. Thus, adopting the method of dynamic meditation 'Hanalmomjit' of Lux Vitae meditation society, by which various state of Qi-sensational movements can be expressed, we compared its moves with the directional terms of traditional canons in Oriental Medicine. In this thesis, the experiment of expressing materia medica via 'Hanalmomjit' is resulted out and compared with the terms, confirmed to have a certain meaningfulness. The new method showed these results below: Herba Menthae, described to have the disposition of ascending and floating, showed 60% of ascending movements in 'Hanalmomjit' experiment. Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata, described to have the disposition of descending and sinking, showed 50% of descending movements. Radix Glycyrrhizae, described to have plain disposition, showed 60% of central movements. Rhizoma Atractylodis and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, described to have the disposition of ascending and floating, showed also ascending movements. Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis, described to have the disposition of descending and sinking, showed also descending movements. In conclusion, qi-sensational movement of 'Hanalmomjit' for materia medica showed sufficient relations described in classics, proving itself to be useful method for objective demonstration of material medica.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

Eating behaviour disorder during early childhood is a common pediatric problem. Many terminologies have been used interchangeably to describe this condition, hindering implementation of therapy and confusing a common problem. The definition suggests an eating behaviour which has consequences for family harmony and growth. The recent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition does not cover the entire spectrum seen by pediatricians. Publications are substantive but level of evidence is most of the time low. This purpose of this review is to clarify terminology of eating behaviour problems during early childhood; including benign picky eating, limited diets, sensory food aversion, selective eating, food avoidance emotional disorder, pervasive refusal syndrome, tactile defensiveness, functional dysphagia, neophobia and toddler anorexia. This tool is proposed only to ease the clinical management for child care providers. Diagnostic criteria are set and management tools are suggested. The role of dietary counselling and, where necessary, behavioural therapy is clarified. It is hoped that the condition will make its way into mainstream pediatrics to allow these children, and their families, to receive the help they deserve.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.125-148
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• 2010

This study was to find the perception of mathematical & scientific learning of North Korean students who lived in Korea. To understand their perception, three groups as the focus group for clinical interview, consisting of North Korean students, their teaches and their parents, were investigated through narrative description of qualitative method, North Korean students experienced the gap between what they had learned and what they learned in Korea, due to visiting the 3rd country before they came to Korea. So they were in need of well developed instructional instruments based on a precise diagnosis of language ability to help them get over their difficulties. Second, they have difficulties in math & science classes due to differences between curricular and to the differences between the ways of expression of terminologies used in two countries. They expressed that the group work in learning and a great deal of number of problems could be helpful for their needs. Third, the community-service center should be operated in a systematic way to compensate their lack of getting a private education. Fourth, they thought that the supplemental materials should provide some sources that might help them to get over the language barrier and difficulties from the differences, because they depended on them.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.141-157
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• 2008

이 연구에서는 KDC 제4판 언어류와 문학류의 분류항목들을 개선하기 위해, 언어류와 문학류의 본표 항목과 조기표 항목을 분석하여 개선을 위한 구체적인 방안을 제시하였다. 그 개선방안은 한국문학과 영미문학의 시대구분을 위한 새로운 분류항목의 설정, 불합리하게 설정된 언어정책 및 언어행정의 해당언어의 역사 아래로의 이치, 각국 언어 및 문학의 부적합한 명칭표기의 조정, 표준구분의 적용과 의미파악에 어려움이 있는 주기에 대한 추가주기의 설정 및 보완, 2개국어사전의 분류규정의 변경, 한국 현대소설의 주제세분을 비롯해 영국문학과 미국문학의 구분을 위한 선택조항의 적용, 그리고 기타 아시아 제어 아래의 드라비다어와 기타 제어 아래의 켈트어, 셈어족, 함어족 하위 분류항목 등 세분전개가 불필요한 항목의 주기화 등으로 요약할 수 있다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2020

Background : Mutual understanding between North and South Korea is essential for the engagement of Inter-Korean exchange and cooperation. However, the two Koreas have been divided for 70 years where Korean evolved differently within the two countries. This created a gap in the most basic foundation for mutual understanding, language. Fostering exchange and cooperation in the traditional medicine field requires a higher understanding of the specialized traditional medicine terminologies. Objectives : The purpose of this study is to formulate a future management plan for the "Comparative Terminology of Korean Medicine in South and North Korea," providing a foundation for standardizing Korean medicine terminology of the two Koreas. Methods : The study collected case studies of Korean medicine terminology management and standardization from government and international organization websites and documents. It provided future terminology management strategies based on this data. Results : The project for the standardization of Korean medicine terminology between North and South Korea can be divided into 4 stages according to the level of exchange and cooperation. The first step is to "establish a foundation for terminology standardization." The second step is "term comparison." If the exchanges and cooperation between North and South Korea, the third step will be to promote the "terminology standardization" project through Inter-Korean dialogue. Finally, after incorporating discussion on terminology standardization, the Inter-Korean Medicine Terminology can be published. Conclusions : This requires a system to support and facilitate Inter-Korean medicine exchange and cooperation. It is important to provide a support system that can provide results in a timely fashion by training relevant experts, collecting data and information, communicating with experts in the industry, academia and research institutes. This system will be able to ensure the continuity of the terminology standardization project.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to review the current states of new sports imported from foreign countries and to discuss strategic insights for promoting new sports which has been invented in Korea. Research design, data, and methodology: This study employed the qualitative approach, in which reviewed a related literature. First, the study selected flying disc, sports stacking, and T-ball as sample cases. This is because these new sports were recognized the prominent sports frequently played in physical education classes in Korea. Second, the study reviewed prior studies in the field of distribution and marketing in order to determine the criteria of analysis and variables that frequently examined in distribution and marketing studies. Finally, the study confirmed such terminologies as research variables including new sport name, organization name, background of the invented sports, distributional channel, promotional activities and so forth. To collect data, the study search literature via academic search engine including DBpia, KISS, RISS, ScienceDirect, SAGE Journals, SpringerLink, and Taylor & Francis. Results: It was found that all of the imported new sports organized association and its nationwide branches to deliver their sprots to local schools and recreational markets. second, they targeted schools and sought to broaden their markets to recreational communities. Conclusions: In order to promote new sport invented in Korea, associations need to be systematically organized and mission should be clearly stated. In addition, creative methods for promotion need to be developed. Future directions were discussed.

• Acta Via Serica
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.117-140
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• 2021

At the beginning of the Roman imperial period, moralizing authors criticized a material from the East that quickly gained popularity among the elites: silk. During Late Antiquity, the trade, production, and use of purple-dyed silks increasingly became the privilege of the emperors. While literature, court poetry, and laws give insights into the discourses surrounding silk, they are rather unspecific concerning silk qualities. This contribution analyzes the scattered descriptions of silks in Greek and Latin texts in a diachronic perspective, with a focus on the 1^st cent. BCE to the 4th cent. CE, paying particular attention to the terminology, products, origins, and qualities of silk. The aim is to build a framework for comparisons with archaeological silk finds and other textile terminologies along the Silk Roads. Here, the silk finds from the oasis city of Palmyra/Tadmor in modern-day Syria, dating from the 1st cent. BCE to the 2nd cent. CE, will be used as a case study for the early imperial period. Taking these silk finds as a comparison, it will be shown that Greek and Latin terminology does not match the variety of silks known in the Mediterranean. Rather, linguistic differentiations focus on the forms in which silk reached the Mediterranean, as skeins, yarns, and fabrics, as well as on the different kinds of silks that were produced in the West, namely pure silk and half-silken fabrics, checkered "scutlata" damasks, purple-dyed, and gold-embellished silks. In contrast, silks from the East were subsumed under the term for "silks from the silk people" or simply "silks". Moreover, ancient authors do not use the terms in the same way. These findings show the limitations of Western silk terminology and the importance of combining archaeological and written sources.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제84권1호
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• pp.3-14
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• 2023

유방영상 판독과 자료 체계(Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System; 이하 BI-RADS)는 유방영상 판독의 표준화 및 판독 질 관리를 위해 유방 병변의 특성을 기술하는 용어 사전(lexicon), 평가 범주(assessment category) 및 처치(management)를 위한 권고들을 제시한 시스템이다. 판독의는 BI-RADS에서 권장하는 표준화된 용어를 이용하여 검사 결과를 임상의에게 간결하고 재현 가능하게 전달할 수 있고, 평가 범주 판정을 통하여 검사에서 발견된 병변이 악성일 가능성을 추정된 확률로 제공하고 이에 따른 처치를 권고할 수 있다. 현재 사용 중인 BI-RADS 5판이 가지는 한계는 표준화된 용어 사전이 정립되지 않은 일부 영역들이 존재한다는 것과 MRI 판정 범주 3-4의 평가 기준이 유방촬영술이나 초음파의 기준에 비해 모호하다는 점이다. BI-RADS의 다음 개정판에는 이러한 한계들을 극복하기 위한 개선안이 포함될 것으로 예상한다.