• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.24-29
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• 2010

본고에서는 모바일 웹 플랫폼과 관련된 기술의 표준화 동향 및 향후 전망에 대하여 알아본다. 최근 웹 어플리케이션을 위젯 형태로 제공할 수 있는 기반기술의 표준화 작업이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이와 관련하여 표준화 단체인 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)와 Open Mobile Terminal Platform (OMTP)에서는 위젯과 디바이스 Application Programming Interface (API)에 대한 규격 표준화 작업을 진행 중이다. 이러한 기술은 모바일 웹 어플리케이션이 Native 언어로 개발된 어플리케이션과 동등한 수준의 기능을 제공할 수 있도록 한다. 표준 위젯 규격에 기반한 웹 어플리케이션을 어플리케이션 스토어 유통 환경으로 확대하기 위한 산업 표준 단체로서 최근 Joint Innovation Lab (JIL)과 Wholesale Applications Community (WAC)이 설립되었다. JIL과 WAC은 다수의 이동통신사의 연합체로 구성되어 개발자와 이용자, 단말에서 네트웍에 이르는 광범위한 영역에 걸쳐 관련 표준 규격을 정의하고 인프라를 구축하고 있다. 특히 WAC은 기존 산업 표준의 적극적 채용, 신속한 상용서비스 도입 등을 통해 산업과 소비자의 필요를 충족시키려 함으로써 성공 가능성을 높이고 있다.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.105-115
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the mechanical characteristics of lower extremity joint movements at different walking speeds in obese people and suggest the very suitable exercise for obese person's own body weight and basic data for clinical application leading to medical treatment of obesity. This experimental subjects are all males between the ages of 20 and 30, who are classified into two groups according to Body Mass Index(BMI): one group is 15 people with normal body weight and the other 15 obese people. Walking speed is analysed at 3 different speeds ($1.5^m/s$, $1.8^m/s$, $2.1^m/s$) which is increased by $0.3^m/s$ from the standard speed of $1.5^m/s$. We calculated joint moments of lower extremity during stance phase through video recording and platform force measurement.Two-way ANOVA(Analysis of Variance, Mix) is applied to get the difference of moments according to walking speeds between normal and obese groups. Pearson's Correlation Analysis is applied to look into correlation between walking speeds and joint moments in both groups. Significance level of each experiment is set as ${\alpha}=.05$. As walking speed increases maximum ankle plantar flexion moment in the stance phase is smaller in obese group than in normal group, which is suggestive of weak toe push-off during terminal stance in obese group, and the highest maximum ankle plantar flexion moment in obese group during the middle speed walking($1.8^m/s.$). Maximum ankle dorsal flexion moment in obese group is relatively higher than in normal group and this is regarded as a kind of compensatory mechanism to decrease the impact on ankle when heel contacts the floor. Maximum knee flexion and extension moments are both higher in normal group with an increase tendency proportional to walking speed and maximum hip flexion and extension moments higher in obese group. In summary, maximum ankle plantar flexion moment between groups(p<.025), maximum knee moment not in flexion but in extension(p<.001) within each group according to increasing walking speed, and maximum hip flexion and extension moment(p<.001 and p<.004, respectively according to increasing walking speed are statistically significant but knee and hip moments between groups are not. Pearson correlation are different: high correlation coefficients in maximum knee flexion and extension moments, in maximum hip extension moment but not hip flexion, and in maximum ankle dorsal flexion moment but not ankle plantar flexion, in each group. We suspect that equilibrium imbalance develops when the subject increases walking speed and the time is around which he takes his foot off the floor.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.83-91
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• 1982

The mandibular movement during mastication has been studied, however there is still much controversy, therefore the purpose of this study was to establish the fundamental data in order to provide the functional occlusion and information in prosthodontic treatment, and the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint disorder. The author analyzed the characteristics of the border and masticatory movements using the Mandibular Kinesiograph. The value, direction, deviation angulation of the border and masticatory movements were studied on the sagittal and frontal planes in 24 male subjects age of 22-28 without orofacial problems. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The values of border movement on the sagittal plane were an average of $25.81{\pm}5.14mm$ in vertical component and $24.37{\pm}3.76mm$ in ant-post component, and the posterior terminal hinge movement, $9.31{\pm}3.62mm$ in vertical component and $7.59{\pm}2.65mm$ in ant-post. component. 2. The distribution range of the masticatory movement within the border movement was an average of $19.2{\pm}12.81%$ of maximum ant-post, values and $55.5{\pm}16.1%$ of maximum values of border movement, and the movement path, for the most part, was directed to posterior deviation and ranged from 0.98 to 12.00mm, on an average of $5.15{\pm}3.49mm$. 3. On the frontal plane, a number of left and right deviation in 24 subjects was same, however, the right deviation was an average of $2.51{\pm}1.67mm$ compared with the left deviation. 4. On the frontal plane, the point of maximum lateral deviation was an average of $49.7{\pm}11.0%$ of maximum opening values. 5. The angulation between the terminal hinge movement path and the masticatory path was an average of $24.00{\pm}4.65$.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.132-138
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to compare the results between conventional and accelerated rehabilitation program following ACL reconstruction using bone-patellar tendon-bone. Conventional rehabilitation focused on protecting the new ligament by blocking terminal extension and avoiding active quadriceps function in the terminal degrees of extension. But there is current trend toward early postoperative mobilization and intensive. so called 'accelerated', rehabilitation stressing hyperextension of the knee. The results of intraarticular ACL reconstruction with conventional and accelerated rehabilitation were prospectively compared for one year postoperatively in a series of 27 patients. Range of motion and thigh circumference were checked preoperatively, and weekly up to 8 weeks, 3 months. 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. Stress radiologic test, KT-1000 arthrometer. Cybex II dynamometer were checked in preoperatively, and 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. There were no differences of objective stability and restoration of muscle power. But the accelerated group had a low incidence of extension loss. excellent range of motion, and less difference of thigh circumference. We concluded that accelerated rehabilitation program is recommendable due to superiority in terms of range of motion, especially less extension loss without increasing laxity of knee joint.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.257-260
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• 2006

In Video streaming environment, we must consider terminal and network characteristics, such as display resolution, frame rate, computational resource, network bandwidth, etc. The JVT (Joint Video Team) by ISO/IEC MPEG and ITU-TVCEG is currently standardizing Scalable Video Coding (SVC). This can represent video bitstreams in different sealable layers for flexible adaptation to terminal and network characteristics. This characteristic is very useful in video streaming applications. One fully scalable video can be extracted with specific target spatial resolution, temporal frame rate and quality level to match the requirements of terminals and networks. Besides, the extraction process is fast and consumes little computational resource, so it is possible to extract the partial video bitstream online to accommodate with changing network conditions etc. With all the advantages of SVC, we design and implement a network-adaptive SVC streaming system with an SVC extractor and a streamer to extract appropriate amounts of bitstreams to meet the required target bitrates and spatial resolutions. The proposed SVC extraction is designed to allow for flexible switching from layer to layer in SVC bitstreams online to cope with the change in network bandwidth. The extraction is made in every GOP unit. We present the implementation of our SVC streaming system with experimental results.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.197-206
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate end-of-life care preferences of employees working in a university hospital. Methods: Of 650 eligible employees that were approached, 607 employees (386 nurses, 93 physicians, and 128 general staff) completed the Korean version of Preferences for Care Near the End of Life (PCEOL-K). Results: Among 5 dimensions of the PECOL-K, "Pain" was the most preferred care dimension and "Decision making by health care professional" was the least preferred care dimension. The item that received the highest mean score was "I want to let nature guide my dying and I do not want my life to be artificially prolonged in any way", and the lowest item was "I want health care providers to make all decisions about my care". As preferred care near the end of life, nurses gave lower scores to the life sustaining treatment and decision making by health care profession than physicians and general staff. Compared to physicians and nurses, general staff preferred the decision making by health care professional and by family. Conclusion: The results show that adequate pain relief is the most preferred care at the end of life among hospital employees and non-medical personnel preferred decision making by others.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.497-505
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• 2000

The surveyed area is mainly distributed by the sedimentary rocks, tuffs, and esites in Cretaceous age and acidic and basic dikes are intruded in these rocks. The principle discontinuities are represented by beddings, joints and faults. The trends of the beddings of sedimentary rocks develop as E-W direction in the start area. However, they are gradually bending and finally their trends are N-S direction in terminal area. In the sedimentary rocks the 3∼4 joint sets are distributed and in dikes joints are more scattered. The majority of joints are highly dipped. Sampo fault which has NE-SW trend makes a valley and NW trending normal faults are well developed at 50k+600 to 51k+000 area. During the construction of tunnel the orientation of discontinuities will not significantly influence on the stability of excavation. Since the rock mass is extensively jointed, the overbreak in tunnel wall may be placed.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.5A
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• pp.473-484
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• 2011

In this paper, we analyze and propose the Joint Call Admission Control(JCAC) scheme to combine network selection scheme and radio resource reservation based Call Admission Control(CAC) in LTE-WLAN heterogeneous networks. First, We propose the JCAC system that uses network decision rate to select a network for terminal and radio resource reservation scheme in overlaying LTE-WLAN network environment. And we analyze the performance of a proposed system using markov chain model. The performance is presented in terms of the new call blocking probability, handoff call dropping probability, and channel utilization of each network. As a performance result of the our research, the system using JCAC is better than the system using non-JCAC. We found a suitable resource reservation rate that is 10% in the system using JCAC. Our work may be useful as a guideline of resource reservation rate to introduce JCAC system using resource reservation scheme in overlaying LTE-WLAN network environment.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.361-367
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• 2014

This paper is related to a new solar power conditioner for a built-in step-up chopper function. In the first step-up chopper proposed solar PV power conditioner for mutually connected in series with the input voltage of the bypass diodes are respectively connected to the positive terminal should install the mutual boosting chopper diode connected in series with the boost chopper switching element between the two power supply and at the same time the first and the second was connected to a second diode and a resonance inductor and a snubber capacitor in series with each other. And the common connection point between the bypass diode and the step-up chopper and the step-up chopper diode common connection point of the switching elements of the input voltage was set to the boost inductor for storing energy. In addition, between the step-up chopper and the step-up chopper diode and a switching element of a joint connection point of the first auxiliary diode and the second common connection point of the auxiliary diode was provided, the resonance capacitor. Between the step-up chopper and the step-up chopper diode and a switching element of a joint connection point and the common connection point of the resonance inductor snubber capacitor and connecting the third secondary diode, between two power supply lines is characterized by configuring the DC link capacitor bus lines in parallel. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the switching loss through, DC link bus lines, as well as there could seek miniaturization and weight reduction of the power conditioner itself by using a common capacitor of the non-polar non-polar electrolytic capacitor having a capacitor, the service life of the circuit can be extended and it is possible to greatly reduce the loss can be greatly improve the reliability of the product and the operation of the product itself.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.542-554
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• 2007

Seamless streaming of multimedia content via heterogeneous networks to viewers using a variety of devices has been a desire for many multimedia services, for which the multimedia contents should be adapted to usage environments such as network characteristics, terminal capabilities, and user preferences. Scalability in video coding is one of attractive features to meet dynamically changing requirements of heterogeneous networks. Currently a new scalable video coding (SVC) is standardizing in the Joint Video Team (JVT) of the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) and the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG), which will be released as Extension 3 of H.264/MPEG-4 AVC. In this paper, we introduce new technologies of SVC and evaluate performance of it especially regarding on overhead bit-rate and coding efficiency to support spatial, temporal, and quality scalability.