• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2010.10a
• /
• pp.57-58
• /
• 2010

This aims to independent operation system for ATC which works for a yard in a container terminal automatically. Many intelligent algorithms have been developed and studied for TOS - Terminal Operation System - in existing container terminals. So, TOS has been getting overloaded for development, maintenance, and repair. Moreover, if new equipment are introduced for container terminal, the TOS for container terminal would be renewed whole system. Despite of its necessity, studies have been introduced insufficiently. As a result, this paper represents the concept of independent which connects between TOS and equipments so that it can perform planning, indicating, monitoring, control and etc.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.285-291
• /
• 2004

The productivity of container terminal is determined by its various operation methods. This paper aims at finding out the factors to enhance the productivity of container handling of quay crane, using simulation technique. Three levels of decision making in terminal operation, strategy, and tactics and operation are selected for defining parameters of simulation The result of the simulation and test shows that the significant factors to improve the productivity are the stack height of container, block dispersion and the distance in yard planning for shipment. Decision making in the operation level, however, is of significance in the mixed condition of strategic and tactical level. The result shows meaningful guidelines in decision making under strategic, tactical and operation level.

• IE interfaces
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.233-241
• /
• 2004

The main subject to become a hub port is automation. The automated container terminal has already operated in advanced ports and it has been planned for the basic planning and operation design in domestic case. The key of automated container terminal is effective operation of both ATC(automated transfer crane) and AGV(automated guided vehicle) which is automated handling equipments. This is essential to productivity of automated container terminal. This study suggests the most optimal method of equipment operation in order to minimize loading time using each three types of effective ATC operation methods and AGV dispatching rules in automated container terminals. As the automated equipment operation causes unexpected deadlocks or interferences, it should be proceeded on event-based real time. Therefore we propose the most effective ATC operation methods and AGV dispatching rules in this paper. The various states occurred in real automated container terminals are simulated to evaluate these methods. This experiment will show the most robust automated equipment operation method on various parameters(the degree of yard re-marshaling, the number of containers and AGV)

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.31 no.7
• /
• pp.605-611
• /
• 2007

In order to become a mega hub port, major ports all over the world are making every effort to enhance their productivity through efficiency of internal operation. Accordingly, in order to enhance the competitiveness of a container terminal, an automated container terminal is considered as the best alternative. An automated container terminal is using such automated handling equipment as AGV(Automated Guided Vehicles) and ATC(Automated Transfer Crane). The efficient equipment operation plays a critical role in enhancing the productivity of an automated container terminal. In an automated container terminal, the most important equipments are AGV and ATC. Each block of containers with a vertical layout is generally operating two ATCs. The two ATCs can be crossed or not at each block. In the case of operating crossover ATC, it has an advantage of high flexibility that ATC work is possible at both TP(Transfer Point) of each block. But it has also a disadvantage that the yard has to be operated at a low storage level of containers in the terminal yard. Recently, for automated container terminals, which are being prepared for opening in Korea, they plan to use uncrossed twin ATC in order to make the storage level of their yards high at a low cost. Therefore, studies have to be made in order to increase the efficiency of twin ATC system based on the flexibility that the crossover ATC system has. This research aims to suggest an operation strategy to improve efficiency of twin ATC at each storage block in a yard.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 1998.10a
• /
• pp.241-253
• /
• 1998

By the rapid expansion of containerization and intermodel transportation in international shipping since the 1970's, the larger containerships have emerged and concentrated their calls at a limitted number of ports. Moreover, large-scale container terminals have been built to accommodate the ever-larger containerships, and the mordernization of terminal facilities and many developments in information technology etc. have been brought out. Thus, unlimited competition has been imposed on every terminal with neighbouring ports in Japan, Singapore, Hongkong and Taiwan etc. The purpose of this study is invested to suggest how the container terminal operators cope with unlimited competition between local or foreign terminals. The results are suggested as follows : First, transshipment cargoes, which the added value is high, is to be induced. Second, the function of storage is given on On-Dock Yard. Third. Berth Pool Operation System is introduced, especially in Gamman Container Terminal and Kwangyang Container Terminal. Fourth, the cargo handling charges is decided by terminal operator.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.35 no.7
• /
• pp.589-596
• /
• 2011

Terminal market has rapidly crashed and market rates have taken a sharp plunge. The substantial throughput decrease resulted from the world economic downturn has been a finishing blow to the terminal operators in Busan. Every terminal operator is taking cost saving as its first priority and accelerating structural reform and downsizing. Under the desperate situation, the need of effective cost analysis would be highly required to effectively control operation cost and to develop new services to satisfy the different needs of the customers. Furthermore, terminal operators could reduce unnecessary activities and concentrate their resource on the more cost-effective process through the operation cost analysis. In order to suggest a new framework of the cost control of container terminals, this paper seeks to analyze terminal costs based on ABC approach by processing actual data.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.346-354
• /
• 2007

Recently, the efficient planning and operations of container terminals have become essential problems to develop the evaluation method with operational rules. Container terminals are required to have enough berths and container yards as well as various equipments and facilities, but in reality there are many differences in their resources owing to the circumstances of each terminal. This study introduces a simulation model for evaluating various operation rules for improving the performance of transshipment container terminal operations. This model can analysis various factors (throughputs, utilizations etc) and shows operational alternative considering design factors of transshipment container terminal with the related circumstances.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2004.04a
• /
• pp.393-397
• /
• 2004

In these days, a scale of system is more and more complex and large. The centralized system has the operation management method to be limited in the large scale system. In this paper, we proposed ACOS(Autonomous decentralized Container terminal Operating System). It is applied to container terminal using by autonomous decentralized system which can solve the problem of the centralized operation system. Also, we can defined a function of the ACOS's sub-system and showed a flowchart on operation method for the ACOS.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.32 no.9
• /
• pp.737-742
• /
• 2008

In this paper, we deal with an allocation model of vertical type container yard for minimizing the total ATC (Automated Transfer Crane) working time and the equivalence of ATC working load in each block on automated container terminal. Firstly, a layout of automated container terminal yard is shown The characteristic of equipment which work in the terminal and its basic assumption are given Next, an allocation model which concerns with minimizing the total working time and the equivalence of working load is proposed for effectiveness of ATC working in automated container terminal. Also, a weight values on critical function are suggested to adjust the critical values by evaluating the obtained allocation plan. For ATC allocation algorithm, we suggest a simple repeat algorithm for on-line terminal operation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 1998.10a
• /
• pp.125-135
• /
• 1998

This paper aims to propose a design for simulation systems for container terminal operation evaluation. The systems cover both terminal design simulation for medium and long tern decision making and terminal operations simulation for day to day decision making. And both systems include the container terminal operation components, quay, yard and gate operations. For the flexible and efficient application of the systems, we designed the systems with three modules such as "Define Module"."Simulation Module" and "Animation Module". "Animation Module".ule&".ot;.