• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.303-309
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• 2000

The relationship between air temperature and sea surface temperature and studied using the daily air temperature and sea surface temperature data for 25 years (1970~1994) at 9 coastal stations in Korea. Seasonal variations of air temperature have larger amplitudes than those of sea surface temperature. The seasonal variations of air temperature leads those of sea surface temperature by 2 to 3 weeks. The anomalies of sea surface temperature and air temperature with time scales more than 1 month are more ghighly correlated than those of short term, with time scales less than 1 month. Accumulated monthly anomalies of sea surface temperature and air temperature for 6 months shwoed higher correlation than the anomailes of each month. The magnitudes of sea surface temperature and air temperature anomalies are related with the duration of anomalies. Their magnitudes are large when the durations of anomalies are long.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.907-918
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• 2008

In order to monitor the impact of high temperature which is seen frequently with climate change, we investigated the monthly change in globe temperature, air temperature, mean radiant temperature and effective radiant heat flow, because the four well reflect thermal radiation from bio-meteorological aspect. Both globe temperature and air temperature showed an increasing trend every month. Compared to air temperature, globe temperature had a wider range of temperature change and was more influenced by meteorological element such as precipitation. Diurnal trends of air temperature, globe temperature and the difference between their temperature had the lowest value before the sunrise and the highest around $1300{\sim}1500$ LST, showing the typical diurnal trends. Globe temperature and the difference between their temperature had a sharp increase around $1000{\sim}1100$ LST, maintained high value until 1700 LST and then reclined, though varied by month. The difference between globe temperature and air temperature was highly dependent on the amount of precipitation and clouds. The duration in which globe temperature was higher than air temperature was the lowest in July. Therefore the amount of precipitation was the most affecting, followed by the amount of clouds and wind. In order to find out the diurnal trends of temperature in city center and city outskirts, we assumed the roof of a concrete build ing as a city center, and the grass-covered observatory of the Gimhae International Airport as city outskirts. The diurnal trends of temperature in the two sites showed a strong correlation. The highest and lowest temperature also had the same trend.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.47-52
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• 2002

In this study, in order to find out relationship of green space distribution and lower air temperature effect, observed air temperature distribution in and out green space in the cloudy. On basis of the result, we are analyzed relationship of air temperature distribution in and out green space, of green space distribution and air temperature of, lower air temperature effect and the urban in between the green space by using regression analysis. According to the result, the higher temperature zone formed around urban, and the lower temperature zone was similar to shape of green space. In case of the green space, higher temperature zone is formed around paved surface and barren ground, lower temperature zone is done forest and water area. To compare air temperature of windward and leeward around green space, the windward formed the lower temperature zone and although the wind direction is not the leeward to the green space, air temperature formed lower temperature zone to the urban in between the green space.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.62-67
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• 2003

In this Paper, the dynamic temperature sensitivity and mu. temperature measurement errors of oil and air sensor in oil cooler are evaluated to predict design validity of sensors under special oil and atmosphere temperature changes. The temperature tracking of oil sensors for periodic temperature changes is simulated by obtaining thermal response coefficient from experiment. By this method, it is possible to design the optimal sensors with the admitted temperature measurement errors.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.593-604
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• 2020

Temperature may have more significant influences on structural responses than operational loads or structural damage. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of temperature distributions has great significance for proper design and maintenance of bridges. In this study, the temperature distribution of the steel box girder is systematically investigated based on the structural health monitoring system (SHMS) of the Sutong Cable-stayed Bridge. Specifically, the characteristics of the temperature and temperature difference between different measurement points are studied based on field temperature measurements. Accordingly, the probability density distributions of the temperature and temperature difference are calculated statistically, which are further described by the general formulas. The results indicate that: (1) the temperature and temperature difference exhibit distinct seasonal characteristics and strong periodicity, and the temperature and temperature difference among different measurement points are strongly correlated, respectively; (2) the probability density of the temperature difference distribution presents strong non-Gaussian characteristics; (3) the probability density function of temperature can be described by the weighted sum of four Normal distributions. Meanwhile, the temperature difference can be described by the weighted sum of Weibull distribution and Normal distribution.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.121-129
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• 2001

The semi-adiabatic temperature rise and the losses of temperature of cement paste, mortar and concrete were measured by an apparatus of semi-adiabatic temperature. Heat of hydration was measured by a conduction calorimeter and adiabatic temperature rise of concrete was measured by an adiabatic calorimeter. The derived equation which can assume the adiabatic temperature was proposed by measuring the semi-adiabatic temperature of concrete. The maximum adiabatic temperature rise of concrete obtained by the derived equation of adiabatic temperature, $T_{ad}(t)=T_{sad}(t)+T_{dis}(t)$, showed $55^{\circ}C$ approximately and it had good relation with the other one obtained by the heat of hydration of cement paste and with maximum value which was measured by the adiabatic calorimeter. The adiabatic temperature rise obtained by derived equation was a different information in comparison with the value obtained by adiabatic temperature rise equations by Hell and et. al. in early age, but it showed similar tendencies with the other one according to elapsed time. Adiabatic temperature rise of lich mix concrete with highly cement content was predicted. The adiabatic temperature rise of cement paste and mortar obtained by derived equation from us showed comparatively matching results to compared with that of obtained by adiabatic temperature equation from concrete standard specification.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.2 no.5
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• pp.423-429
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• 2000

This study was conducted to find out the relationship between skin temperature and clothing temperature in body parts. Four different kinds of fabrics were used in this experiment. These fabrics were a (Ny/Spun, 81.8/18.2%), b (Wool/Poly/span, 50/45/5%), (Wool/Ny/Span70/25/5) and d (Wool/Poly/Span 45/45/10%). The subjects skated at indoor ice rink where the length was 111.12 m, the temperature was $11{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and the humidity was $70{\pm}10%$. The four an male professional skaters speed was $17{\pm}1$ seclm/lap. Physiological parameters were skin temperature at 4 body points (chest, upper arm, thigh, leg) and clothing temperature at chest was measured every 15 second. Experiment protocol was as follows: resting before skating (5 min.), skating (5 min.), and resting after skating (10 min.). The results were as follows; The mean skin temperature by fabrics shows b > a > d > c. The mean skin temperature began to decline little by little as soon as the subjects entered the indoor ice rink. After they rested for five minutes, they started skating and the mean skin temperature declined widely. After skating, the mean skin temperature increased step by step. It maintained the similar temperature. The value of skin temperature at body points shows Leg > Chest > Upper arm > Thigh. Because of the characteristics of skating uniforms, the skin temperature of the leg is the highest. The skating uniform was designed to have a protective portion in the leg. The chest produces the highest temperature in the body. The comparison of difference values in skin temperature show Thigh > Upper arm > Chest > Leg. While skating in a cold atmosphere, the largest difference value is clothing temperature. The clothing temperature is lower than the skin temperature during skating. The difference value of clothing temperature is larger than the skin temperature of the chest.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.70-74
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• 2004

Pressure and temperature in the cavity of injection molding have been investigated. Special injection mold was designed to install pressure and temperature sensors. The sensors were supplied by KISTLER and the pressure and temperature were measured for various operational conditions, such as injection pressure, holding pressure, cooling time, mold temperature, and injection temperature. As injection pressure increased cavity pressure and temperature increase. There were no big differences in temperatures according to the holding pressures. As mold temperature increased pressure and temperature in the cavity increase. The flowability of resin increases as mold temperature increases subsequently the pressure in the cavity increases since the pressure loss is less in the low viscous medium than high ciscous medium. The cavity temperature highly depends upon mold temperature.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.214-221
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• 2015

This study considers mean skin temperature to calculate expected temperature using the new heat balance model because the skin temperature is the most important element affecting the heat balance outdoors. For this, we measured the skin temperature in high temperature condition of Korea and applied it to calculate the expected temperature. The calculated expected temperature is compared with the result calculated using previous models which use the estimated mean skin temperature by considering metabolic rate only. Results show that the expected temperatures are higher when measured mean skin temperature is applied to the model, compared to the expected temperature calculated by applying mean skin temperature data calculated using metabolic rate like previous models. The observed mean skin temperature was more suitable for outside conditions and expected temperature is underestimated when mean skin temperature calculated by the equation using metabolic rate is used. The model proposed in this study has a few limitations yet, but it can be applied in various ways to facilitate practical responses to extreme heat.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 2003

In this study, woodceramics were made from MDF with various resin impregnation rate. To investigate the change of surface temperature of woodceramics, the impregnated MDF was burned at the temp. 600, 800, 1,000, 1,200℃. Surface temperature of woodceramics was increased as impregnation rate and burning temperature was increased. The specimen burned at 800℃ was lower than others. Change of temperature under given temperature increased as time passed and it showed more increased in temperature at burning temperature of 1,200℃. Change of surface temperature increased when floor temperature increased and the temperature was 49.2℃ at 70℃ in floor temperature of 1,200℃ specimen. The decent in surface temperature of woodceramics was the fastest decrease at the burning temperature of 800℃ specimen.