• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.229-234
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• 2017

Photoperiod is one of the factors affecting productivity of cucumber plant by inducing ethylene hormone production and so triggering flower sex differentiation into female flower. However, only few studies have been perfomed in order to reveal the effect of photoperiod in molecular level in relation to the flower differentiation. Therefore, in this study, Mercy cultivar of cucumber (andromonoecious) was treated with photoperiod of 8, 12, 16 hours of light, while control received no treatment of additional light. Photoperiod of 8 hours was achieved by blocking the sunlight with shade net and 16 hours by giving longer light exposure using white LEDs. Cucumber's flowers were quantified and the apical and lateral shoots were extracted to evaluate the gene profile related to the photoperiod, ethylene production, and female flower differentiation, which were CsACS2, CsETR1, CsCaN, and CsPIF4 using PCR method. Photoperiod of 8 hours affected the production of female flower with average number of 6.7 flowers in main stem and 8.0 flowers in lateral stem, compared to photoperiod of 12 and 16 hours which produced 3.7 and 2.0 flowers in main stem with 7.0 and 11.3 in lateral stem, respectively. In silico studies in this experiment resulted in proposed model of signal transduction that showed the connection between ethylene production and flower differentiation. PCR analysis confirmed the expression of CsACS2, CsETR1, and CsCaN, that was positively correlated with numbers of female flowers in cucumber, but the expression of CsPIF4 that represent photoperiod haven't been confirmed correlated with the ethylene production and flower differentiation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1708-1714
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• 2005

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) functions in epithelial growth and differentiation in many tissues and organs. KGF is expressed in the uterine endometrial epithelial cells during the estrous cycle and pregnancy in pigs, and receptors for KGF (KGFR) are expressed by conceptus trophectoderm and endometrial epithelia. KGF has been shown to stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of conceptus trophectoderm. However, the role of KGF on the endometrial epithelial cells has not been determined. Therefore, this study determined the effect of KGF on proliferation and differentiation of endometrial epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo using an immortalized porcine luminal epithelial (pLE) cell line and KGF infusion into the uterine lumen of pigs between Days 9 and 12 of estrous cycle. Results showed that KGF did not stimulate proliferation of uterine endometrial epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo determined by the $^3$H]thymidine incorporation assay and the proliferating cell nuclear antigen staining, respectively. Effects of KGF on expression of several markers for epithelial cell differentiation, including integrin receptor subunits $\alpha$4, $\alpha$5 and $\beta$1, plasmin/trypsin inhibitor, uteroferrin and retinol-binding protein were determined by RT-PCR, Northern and slot blot analyses, and immunohistochemisty, and KGF did not affect epithelial cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo. These results show that KGF does not induce epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation, suggesting that KGF produced by endometrial epithelial cells acts on conceptus trophectoderm in a paracrine manner rather than on endometrial epithelial cells in an autocrine manner.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 2010

The current study was undertaken to determine the effects of sex steroid hormones (estrogen, testosterone and 19-nortestosterone) on proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes of female and male pigs. The preadipocytes were isolated from the backfat of new-born female and male pigs by collagenase digestion and cultured in the $CO_2$ incubator. The concentration of $10^{-7}M$ and 10-6M sex steroid hormones were treated to the cultured preadipocytes. Regarding the effects on preadipocytes proliferation, high concentration ($10^{-6}M$) of all the three hormones increased proliferation of female preadipocytes,and only estrogen and testosterone increased proliferation of male preadipocytes. Regarding the effects on preadipocyte differentiation, all the three hormones increased differentiation of pig preadipocytes, regardless of hormone concentrations and sex of preadipocytes. The degree of stimulation of cell differentiation by sex steroid hormones was greater than that of cell proliferation.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.43 no.12
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• pp.1011-1022
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• 2020

Cell type specification is a delicate biological event in which every step is under tight regulation. From a molecular point of view, cell fate commitment begins with chromatin alteration, which kickstarts lineage-determining factors to initiate a series of genes required for cell specification. Several important neuronal differentiation factors have been identified from ectopic over-expression studies. However, there is scarce information on which DNA regions are modified during induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) to neuronal progenitor cell (NPC) differentiation, the cis regulatory factors that attach to these accessible regions, or the genes that are initially expressed. In this study, we identified the DNA accessible regions of iPSCs and NPCs via the Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq). We identified which chromatin regions were modified after neuronal differentiation and found that the enhancer regions had more active histone modification changes than the promoters. Through motif enrichment analysis, we found that NEUROD1 controls iPSC differentiation to NPC by binding to the accessible regions of enhancers in cooperation with other factors such as the Hox proteins. Finally, by using Hi-C data, we categorized the genes that directly interacted with the enhancers under the control of NEUROD1 during iPSC to NPC differentiation.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.191-203
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• 2005

In the present paper we first establish some basic results for a substantially more general class of functions defined below. The results include simple differentiation and fractional calculus operators(integration and differentiation of arbitrary orders) for this class of functions. These results are then invoked in determining similar properties for the generalized Wright's hypergeometric functions. Further, norm estimate of a certain class of integral operators whose kernel involves the generalized Wright's hypergeometric function, and its composition(and other related properties) with the fractional calculus operators are also investigated.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.255-260
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• 2007

Bone marrow (BM) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are pluripotent cells which can differentiate into osteogenic, adipogenic and other lineages. In spite of the broad interest, the information about the changes in BM cell composition, in particularly about the variation of MSC number and their properties in relation to the age of the donor is still controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the age associated changes in variations of BM cell composition, phenotype and differentiation capacities of MSC using a rat model. Cell populations were characterized by flow cytometry using light scattering parameters, DNA content and a set of monoclonal antibodies. Single cell analysis was performed by conventional fluorescent microscopy. In vitro culture of MSC was established and their phenotype and capability for in vitro differentiation into osteogenic and adipogenic cells was shown. Age related changes in tibiae and femurs, amount of BM tissue, BM cell composition, proportions of separated MSC and yield of MSC in 2 weeks of in vitro culture were found. At the same time, neither change in phenotype no in differentiation capacities of MSC was registered. Age-related changes of the number of MSC should be taken into account whenever MSC are intended to be used for investigations.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.997-1004
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• 2005

In bone remodeling imbalances that are caused by increased bone resorption over bone formation lead to adult skeletal diseases. Thus, we have screened various natural products for their ability to regulate the differentiation of osteoclasts to propose candidates for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Zizyphus Jujuba Miller var. extracts of 140 natural products inhibited the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into osteoclast, as showed by the reduced number of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells and decreased TRAP activity.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.316.3-317
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• 2002

In previous reports, we exhibited that acteoside showed significant cytotoxicity against various cancer cells. In this study we investigated that acteoside is capable of inducing differentiation in HL -60 human leukemia cell line. After being treated with acteoside, the growth curve was decreased remakably in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and cell doubling time was delayed. Exposure of cells to 20 $\mu\textrm{g}$/m$\ell$ acteoside induced differentiation of HL-60 cells to monocyte/macrophage-like cells by cell surface antigen expression. The percentage of NBT reducing activity was increased in a time-dependent manner. In addition. the protein lever of p21 and p16 increased and ppRb decreased in western biot analysis. Theas results suggest that acleoside possess the activity of inducing differentiation in HL-60 cells.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.441-448
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the cell proliferation and expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) during the differentiation of murine odontoblast-like cells (MDPC-23) by Cimicifuga rhizoma extract. Cimicifuga rhizoma extract was prepared using 70% ethanol. Then, the cells were treated with 25, 50, 100, 150, and $200{\mu}g$ of Cimicifuga rhizoma extract. Methods: We determined the Cimicifuga rhizoma effects of MDPC-23 using WST-1 (water soluble tetrazolium salt-1) assay, ALP activity assay and histochemical staining. Results: $25-200{\mu}g$ of Cimicifuga rhizoma extract did not inhibit the growth of MDPC-23 cells; $100{\pm}0$, $100{\pm}3.29$, $99{\pm}4.86$, $98{\pm}3.80$, $98{\pm}1.73$, $99{\pm}5.05%$ (p<0.794). $50{\mu}g$ of Cimicifuga rhizoma extract stimulated ALP activity on MDPC-23; $5.1{\pm}0.20units/{\mu}{\ell}$ (p<0.001). Conclusions: It was proven that Cimicifuga rhizoma promoted differentiation of MDPC- 23 cells.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.93-96
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• 2001

Design sensitivity is calculated in the sheet metal forming process with an elasto-plastic finite element analysis and a direct differentiation method The sensitivity analysis is concerned with the time integration the constitutive relation considering planar anisotropy, shell elements and the contact scheme. The present result is compared with the result obtained with the finite difference approach in deep drawing processes. The obtained sensitivity information is applied to the simple optimization process for the sheet metal forming process.