• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2016년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.210-212
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• 2016

오늘날 게임분야에서 3D 소프트웨어들을 이용해서 만든 게임들이 대부분을 차지하는 가장 큰 이유는, 제작의 편의성이 훨씬 뛰어난데다가 2D 디자인 게임 제작에 비해 적은 가격으로 훨씬 더 뛰어난 효과를 낼 수 있는 장점 때문이다. 3D 게임에서 최적화를 위해 캐릭터 및 배경에 사용되는 폴리곤 개수를 조절하는 것이 매우 중요한데 그 동안 기술의 발전을 통해 적은 폴리곤 개수로 최대 효과를 내는 것이 가능해 졌다. 이런 기술은 현재도 계속 발전해 오고 있는데, 2012년 Pixar에서 Open subdivision이라는 새로운 기술을 발표하고 오픈소스로 배포하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 현재 까지 이런 기술들 중, Mesh smooth, Turbo smooth, Open Subdivision을 중심으로 각 명령어의 장단점을 비교 분석하여 어떤 방법이 game개발에 있어서 가장 효율적인지 알아보도록 하겠다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.423-436
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of the study was to explore nurses' experience of person-centered relational care in the context of critical care. Methods: Key interview questions were developed based on the human-to-human relationship model suggested by Travelbee. Data were collected through indepth interviews with a purposive sample of 11 nurses having more than 2 years of working experience in intensive care units. An interpretative phenomenological analysis was conducted to analyze the data. Results: Four super-ordinate and nine sub-ordinate themes were identified. Emerged super-ordinate themes were as follows: (1) encountering a live person via patient monitoring systems; (2) deep empathic connection; (3) humanistic and compassionate care, and (4) accompanying the journey to the end. Study findings revealed that nurses in intensive care units experienced 'balancing emotions' and 'authenticity' in caring when entering human-to-human relationships with dying patients. The phenomenon of person-centered relational care in intensive care units was found to subsume intrinsic attributes of empathy, compassion, and trust, similar to the central concepts of Travelbee's theory. Conclusion: The interpretative findings in this study provide deeper understanding of Travelbee's human-to-human relationship model. The technological environment in intensive care units did not hinder experienced nurses from forming human-to-human relationships. These themes need to be emphasized in critical care nursing education as well as in nursing management. The results of this study will contribute to understanding nurse-patient caring relationships in depth, and help improve the quality of nursing care in intensive care units.

• 실천공학교육논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2019

도로포장공사는 시방규정에 맞는 재료를 포설하고 다짐장비를 가동하여 이를 적절한 강도를 가질 수 있도록 다짐하는 공정이 큰 부분을 차지한다. 지난 15년간 유럽 및 미국에서 도로포장공사용 다짐장비 및 시공법의 비약적인 발전이 있었다. GPS 및 각종 센서가 부착된 지능형 다짐 장비가 가동하면서 지반/포장 구조체의 반응 및 다짐장비의 위치 등을 실시간으로 구할 수 있게 되어, 이를 공사품질관리에 이용할 수 있게 된 것이다. 국내에서도 이러한 시공체계를 도입하기 위한 기초연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구를 통하여 증강현실기반의아스팔트 포장 다짐공사 지원체계를 제안하고 이를 공사담당자가 적절히 활용할 수 있는 교육과정 및 내용을 제안하였다. 세계적으로 아직 시도된 바 없는 AR환경에서의 IC 다짐장비 시공관리를 통하여 아스팔트 포장 다짐공사의 시공품질을 극대화할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2019

디지털 영상 분야의 디지털 테크놀로지 발전은 다양한 형태의 미디어 환경을 만들어 내며 급격하게 변모하고 있다. 이러한 영상분야는 멀티미디어 테크놀로지의 급격한 발전을 통해 방송 영상 처리 기술 분야에서는 보다 실감나는 영상을 제공하기 위해 지속적인 발전을 하고 있으며 평면 화질 향상의 요구는 거의 충족되어 기술적 포화상태에 이르게 되었다. 현재 평면 화질에서는 3D 입체 영상 화질에서 충족시킬 수 없는 시각피로 분야에 대한 자유성 및 대중성을 갖고 있다는 장점을 보유하고 있으며 보완 작업 기술 분야로는 평면 화질에서의 입체감 향상 기술이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 평면 디스플레이에서 제공되는 그래픽 영상을 대상으로 색채 속성과의 연관성을 알아보고자 입체감 관련 실험을 진행하고 이를 분석하였다. 실험에 사용된 색채 속성으로는 색상, 밝기, 채도를 차등적으로 그래픽 영상에 적용하여 입체감이 가장 큰 요인에 대해 분석하고 아노바 분산분석을 통해 교호작용을 검증하였다. 본 연구에서 진행된 실험결과를 분석하여 입체감과 관련 있는 색채 요인의 유의미 여부를 정의하고 그래픽 영상 처리 시 입체감 향상을 위한 색채 조절 방안을 제시한다.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.68-77
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• 2020

VR (Virtual Reality) contents make the audience perceive virtual space as real through the virtual Z axis which creates a space that could not be created in 2D due to the space between the eyes of the audience. This visual change has led to the need for technological changes to sound and sound sources inserted into VR contents. However, studies to increase immersion in VR contents are still more focused on scientific and visual fields. This is because composing and producing VR sounds require professional views in two areas: sound-based engineering and computer-based interactive sound engineering. Sound-based engineering is difficult to reflect changes in user interaction or time and space by directing the sound effects, script sound, and background music according to the storyboard organized by the director. However, it has the advantage of producing the sound effects, script sound, and background music in one track and not having to go through the coding phase. Computer-based interactive sound engineering, on the other hand, is produced in different files, including the sound effects, script sound, and background music. It can increase immersion by reflecting user interaction or time and space, but it can also suffer from noise cancelling and sound collisions. Therefore in this study, the following methods were devised and utilized to produce sound for VR contents called "A Midsummer Night" so as to take advantage of each sound-making technology. First, the storyboard is analyzed according to the user's interaction. It is to analyze sound effects, script sound, and background music which is required according to user interaction. Second, the sounds are classified and analyzed as 'simultaneous sound' and 'individual sound'. Thirdly, work on interaction coding for sound effects, script sound, and background music that were produced from the simultaneous sound and individual time sound categories is done. Then, the contents are completed by applying the sound to the video. By going through the process, sound quality inhibitors such as noise cancelling can be removed while allowing sound production that fits to user interaction and time and space.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.5-24
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• 2021

이 연구는 국립중앙도서관의 근대문학자료 서비스를 중기 및 장기적으로 링크드 데이터 기반으로 전환하여 서비스하는 방안을 제시하였다. 이는 근대문학자료 서비스를 단순히 현재의 기술적 트렌드인 링크드 데이터로 전환하기 위한 것이 아니라 장기적으로 외부의 다양한 데이터, 정보원과 지속적인 연결관계를 갖고 자동화된 기계처리가 가능한 고품질의 원천데이터를 만들고자 하는 데 있다. 이를 위해서 본 논문에서는 근대문학자료의 서비스 활성화와 유관기관과의 효율적인 데이터 연계를 해결하기 위해서 링크드 데이터를 채택한 해외의 다양한 도서관 및 서지 서비스 사례들을 먼저 검토하여 시사점을 도출하였다. 그리고 검토한 시사점을 기반으로 데이터 관리, 시스템관리, 이용자서비스 관점에서 근대문학자료 서비스의 개편 방안을 구체적으로 제안하였다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.301-311
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• 2021

The technological advancements of the last two decades directed the era of the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT enables billions of devices to connect through the internet and share their information and resources on a global level. These devices can be anything, from smartphones to embedded sensors. The main purpose of IoT is to make devices capable of achieving the desired goal with minimal to no human intervention. Although it hascome as a social and economic blessing, it still brought forward many security risks. This paper focuses on providing a survey of the most commonly used application layer protocols in the IoT domain, namely, Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP), Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT), Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP), and Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP). MQTT, AMQP, and XMPP use TCP for device-to-device communication, while CoAP utilizes UDP to achieve this purpose. MQTT and AMQP are based on a publish/subscribe model, CoAP uses the request/reply model for its structuring. In addition to this, the quality of service provision of MQTT, AMQP, and CoAP is not very high, especially when the deliverance of messages is concerned. The selection of protocols for each application is very a tedious task.This survey discusses the architectures, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of each of these protocols. The main contribution of this work is to describe each of the aforementioned application protocols in detail as well as providing their thorough comparative analysis. This survey will be helpful to the developers in selecting the protocol ideal for their system and/or application.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.333-338
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• 2022

Planning activity is complex process assuming the term "complexity" as a group of elements interconnected each other. The common knowledge about city planning underlines its main aim as: figuring the present, imaging the future, governing every day the territory and the way people use and live it at different scales. When considering the strength of technological opportunities and the spreading of ICT and IoT devices within everyday life, that mean within the life of cities, the complex nature of the urban system increases with the intensification of information and their connections. Recent orientations about urban and regional planning try to carry the discipline to a more flexible approach in respect to the hyperdeterminant role of direct technical applications. This passage is a fundamental aspect considering the faster and faster modifications of social and economic assets at the global and local scale. At the same time, the "environment question" became more and more relevant at the worldwide scale within the 2015 UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Another relevant aspect about the recent urban planning orientations regards the role of the different subjects that are part of the planning process. Approaching the government of smart cities means to define how every subject, with different roles (public or private), could enrich the knowledge of the functioning of the "urban machine" and the awareness of participation of people and city users in the quality of urban life. In the paper author starts defining recent approaches in urban planning, then the nature of the city as a complex system is analyzed from the point of view of planners and of the different subjects that act in the city. Then the smart city is introduced as a further level of complexity and finally author propose the basic element of a Planning Support System.

• 공업화학
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.538-544
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• 2022

One of the most exciting areas for the development of alternative fuels is the production of biodiesel. To reduce the cost of biodiesel production, in situ trans-esterification has been introduced to simplify the production process by enabling extraction and trans-esterification to occur at a single stage in the presence of a catalyst. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of using non-corrosive and environmentally receptive flying jet plasma as an alternative catalytic route for in situ tran-sesterification of castor bean seeds (CBS). Upon optimizing the reaction conditions, it is elucidated that applying a low ratio of methanol to seeds (≤6:1) has resulted in hindering the in situ trans-esterification and leading to insignificant conversion. The yield of esters has increased from 80.5% to 91.7% as the molar ratio rose from 9:1 to 12:1. Excess alcohol beyond the ratio of 15:1 was shown to have a negative impact on the yield of the produced esters, attributed to an increase in the biodiesel portion prone to dissolving in the co-product (glycerol). An increase in the reaction bulk temperature from 40 to 55 ℃ led to a higher ester content by 50%. Further increases in the bulk temperature beyond 55 ℃ did not affect yields. Regarding the reaction period, the results have shown that 3 h of reaction is adequate for a higher biodiesel yield. The quality of the biodiesel obtained has demonstrated that all physicochemical properties meet the ASTM D6751 specifications.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.95-110
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• 2021

Purpose - This paper intends to conduct theoretical analysis and empirical test on the action mechanism of South Korea-China trade and South Korea's FDI to China on green total factor productivity, so as to provide a new perspective and ideas for the improvement of China's green total factor productivity and promote the high-quality development of China's economy Design/methodology - This paper uses the data of 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China from 2004 to 2017 as the research sample, adopts the GML index method of SBM Directional Distance Function to measure GTFP, and analyzes the influence of South Korea-China trade and FDI from South Korea on China's GTFP. Findings - Trade is conducive to promoting technological progress, which has a significant promotion effect on China's green total factor productivity. While FDI has a significant inhibitory effect on China's green total factor productivity, which verifies the "pollution haven" hypothesis. In addition, such influence has certain regional overall heterogeneity. Trade has a more significant promoting effect on GTFP in eastern coastal areas, while FDI has a more significant inhibitory effect on GTFP in central and western inland areas. The interaction between trade and FDI is conducive to the improvement of green total factor productivity, indicating that the benign mechanism of trade and FDI has been formed. Urbanization, industrial structure, human resource level and investment in science and technology are all conducive to the improvement of GTFP. Originality/value - Through theoretical analysis and empirical test on the action mechanism of South Korea-China trade and South Korea's FDI on green total factor productivity, this paper provides a solid theoretical foundation for the further development of China-South Korea economic and trade cooperation in the future.