• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.515-535
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• 2020

Essential oils (EOs) have gained a renewed interest in many disciplines such as plant disease control and medicine. This review discusses the components of ginger EOs, their mode of action, and their potential nanotechnology applications in controlling tropical plant diseases. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography, and headspace procedures are commonly used to detect and profile their chemical compositions EOs in ginger. The ginger EOs are composed of monoterpenes (transcaryophyllene, camphene, geranial, eucalyptol, and neral) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (α-zingiberene, ar-curcumene, β-bisabolene, and β-sesquiphellandrene). GC-MS analysis of the EOs revealed many compounds but few compounds were revealed using the headspace approach. The EOs have a wide range of activities against many phytopathogens. EOs mode of action affects both the pathogen cell's external envelope and internal structures. The problems associated with solubility and stability of EOs had prompted the use nanotechnology such as nanoemulsions. The use of nanoemulsion to increase efficiency and supply of EOs to control plant diseases control was discussed in this present paper. The findings of this review paper may accelerate the effective use of ginger EOs in controlling tropical plant diseases.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2004

E-Learning is another way of teaching and learning. E-learning is a networked phenomenon allowing for instant revisions and distribution, and goes beyond training and instruction to the delivery of information and tools to improve performance. The benefits of e-learning are many, including cost-effectiveness, enhanced responsiveness to change, consistency, timely content, flexible accessibility, and providing customer value. The proponents of e-learning stress the importance of using communities of interest to support and enhance the learning process. They also emphasizes that people learn more effectively when they interact and are involved with other people participating in similar endeavors. Although the role of e-learning in higher education has significantly increased, the resistance to new technology by professors and lecturers in university and colleges worldwide remains high. The purpose of this study is to identify the determinants of attitude and planned behavior toward e-learning class in universities. A survey methodology was used to investigate a proposed model of influence, and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the results. The hypothesized model was largely supported by this analysis, and the overall results indicate that attitude toward e-learning systems is mostly influenced by the perceived ease of use as well as the level of perceived usefulness, where both factors are influenced by years of experiences in using cyber system and the technical support level. As in other TAM related research, it can be concluded that the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness contribute to the future use of e-learning system.

• 멤브레인
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.24-44
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• 2013

MBR 기술은 지난 20여 년 동안 처리성능과 효율성 그리고 비용절감 측면에서 빠른 속도로 발전하고 있다. 또한 안정적인 하수처리와 하수재이용관점에서 핵심기술로 널리 인식되고 있다. 본고에서는 MBR 기술의 개발과 상업적 응용에 관한 발전과정을 재조명하고 세계 시장의 전망을 제시하고자 한다. 주요 적용기술에 대해 다음 5가지 측면에서 검토하여 제시하였는데 1) MBR 기술의 진화, 2) MRBs의 상업용 기술, 3) 대용량 MBR 플랜트 설치 사례, 4) MBR 시장의 성장, 5) 기술의 발전방향 순으로 제시하였다. 마지막으로 MBRs에 대한 경제적, 환경적, 그리고 기술적 측면에서 향후 발전방향을 1) 초기투자비, 2) 처리 수질, 3) 분리막 소재/모듈, 4) MBR 장비와 공정, 5) 운영비용, 향후 6) 혐기성 MBRs 공정과 같은 차세대 기술 분야로 나누어 제시하였다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.525-532
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• 1999

한국형 차세대 원자로는 ABB-CE사의 System 80+의 설계개념을 근간으로 하여 표준화된 원자로의 계통설계를 추진하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 차세대 원자로 정지냉각계통의 운전시 요구되는 인허가 요건등제반 조건을 충족시킬 수 있는지를 해석하였다. 또한 운전시 필요한 열교환기의 유효면적과 원자로 기기냉각수 유량등 기본적인 설계자료를 산출하여 차후 차세대 원자로 정지냉각계통의 상세설계 업부를 수행하는데 필요한 기초자료를 제시하여 핵증기공급계통 (NSSS)의 기술개발을 이루는데 목적이있다. 차세대 원자로는 울진 3, 4호기 열출력 2.825MWth 에 비해 열출력이 4,000MWth 로 증가되어 정지냉각계통의 관련서례자료를 새로 산출해야하므로 정지냉각계통의 냉각능력을 평가하는 KDESCENT 전산코드를 이용하여 원자로 노심의 잔열과 정지냉각계통의 현열을 제거할 수 있는 최소 유량을 제시하였으며 주요 구성기기인 열교환기, 펌프, 밸브 및 기타 기기의 기능 및 정지냉각계통의 운전절차를 고찰하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제34권6A호
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• pp.445-457
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• 2009

본 논문은 펨토셀이 도입된 IEEE 802.16e 시스템에서 효율적인 핸드오버를 위한 이웃 기지국 관리 기법을 제안하고 컴퓨터 모의 실험을 통해 성능을 평가한다. 제안하는 방식에서는 두 가지 기법을 사용하여 단말이 핸드오버를 위해 스캐닝 해야 하는 펨토셀의 수를 줄이고 이를 통해 빠르고 효율적인 핸드오버를 가능하도록 한다. 첫 번째 기법에서 매크로 기지국은 매크로셀을 다수의 구역으로 나누고 각 구역에 속한 펨토셀 정보를 구분하여 방송한다. 이를 수신한 단발은 자신이 속한 구역의 펨토셀만을 대상으로 스캐닝을 수행함으로써 핸드오버 소모 시간 및 전력을 줄일 수 있다. 두 번째 기법에서는 각 펨토셀이 자신으로부터 일정한 거리 내에 존재하는 주변 펨토셀들의 핸드오버 관련 정보를 직접 수집하고 방송함으로써 단말이 스캐닝할 펨토셀의 수를 줄일 수 있다. 컴퓨터 모의 실험 결과는 스캐닝 시 소모 시간 및 사용 전력, 그리고 스캐닝 효율 측면에서 제안한 방식이 기존 방식에 비해 상당한 성능개선이 있음을 보여준다.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제48권12호
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• pp.1047-1055
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• 2010

The objective of this study is to investigate the ballistic properties of Zr-based amorphous alloy surface composites fabricated by high-energy electron-beam irradiation. The mixture of Zr-based amorphous powders and $LiF+MgF_2$ flux powders was deposited on a pure Ti substrate, and then an electron beam irradiated this powder mixture to fabricate a one-layer surface composite. A four-layer surface composite, in which the composite layer thickness was larger than 3 mm, was also fabricated by irradiating the deposited powder mixture by an electron beam three times on the one-layer surface composite. The microstructural analysis results indicated that a small amount of fine crystalline particles were homogeneously distributed in the amorphous matrix of the surface composite layer. According to the ballistic impact test results, the surface composite layers effectively blocked a fast traveling projectile, while many cracks were formed at the composite layers, and thus the surface composite plates were not perforated. The surface composite layer containing ductile ${\beta}$ dendritic phases showed a better ballistic performance than the one without dendrites because dendritic phases hindered the propagation of shear bands or cracks.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.90-100
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• 2019

접촉 점화 추진제 특성을 활용한 추력기는 간단한 시스템 구조와 높은 점화 신뢰성을 기반으로 고고도, 우주 환경에서 적용되어 왔다. 미국을 위시한 선진국의 경우 사산화질소/아민 계열의 추진제의 충돌 혼합 특성에 대하여 1960년대 이후로 심도 깊은 연구를 진행하고 있으며, 최근 차세대 접촉 점화 추력기 역시 고성능화, 경량화 측면에서 활발한 연구 개발을 수행하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 접촉 점화성 추진제의 충돌형 혼합 특성과 반응성 유동 분리(Reactive Separation Flow), 간헐적 폭발(Popping)의 충돌 혼합 시 발생할 수 있는 연소 불안정성에 대한 연구 사례를 조사하고 요약하였다.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.239-246
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• 2019

Substitution of natural fine aggregates with industrial by-products like precious slag balls (PS Balls) offers various advantages like technical, economic and environmental which are very important in the present era of sustainability in construction industry. PS balls are manufactured by subjecting steel slag to slag atomizing Technology (SAT) which imparts them the desirable characteristics of fine aggregates. The main objective of this research paper is to assess the feasibility of producing good quality concrete by using PS balls, to identify the potential benefits by their incorporation and to provide solution for increasing their utilization in concrete applications. The study investigates the effect of PS balls as partial replacement of fine aggregates in various percentages (20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%) on mechanical properties of concrete such as compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength. The optimum mix was found to be at 40% replacement of PS balls with maximum strength of 62.89 MPa at 28 days curing. Permeability of concrete was performed and it resulted in a more durable concrete with replacement of PS balls at 40% and 100% as fine aggregates. These two specific values were considered as optimum replacement is 40% and also the maximum possible replacement is 100%. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis was done and it was found that the PS balls in concrete were unaffected and with optimum percentage of PS balls as fine aggregates in concrete resulted in good strength and less cracks. Hence, it is possible to produce good workable concrete with low water to cement ratio and higher strength concrete by incorporating PS balls.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.244-244
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• 2015

Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) in the form of Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) systems are being applied for numerous water augmentation projects both in developed and developing countries. Given the onset of Climate Change and its influence on weather patterns and land use, it has been acknowledged the utilization of this technology will be ever increasing. This technique like all others does have its drawbacks or disadvantages, whereby to overcome these drawbacks or disadvantages it is recommended that logical planning process be followed. In this study, we developed a decision framework known as "Decision framework for the planning, designing, construction/testing and implementation of subsurface water storage system" to further standardize the planning and design process of subsurface water storage system to increase the probability of having a successful ASR/ASTR project. The formulation of this framework was based on earlier frameworks, guidelines, published papers and technical reports which were compiled into a data collection database. The database of which consider both qualitative and quantitative aspect for example recharge objectives, site location, water chemistry of the native, source and recovered water, aquifer characteristics(hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, porosity), injection/pumping rate, ecological constraints, societal restrictions, regulatory restrictions etc. The assimilation of these factors into a singular framework will benefit the broad spectrum of stakeholder as it maps the chronological order under which ASR project should be undertaken highlighting at each stage the feasibility of the project. The final stage of which should result in fully operational ASR system. The framework was applied to two case studies and through the application of a modified ASR site selection suitability index (Brown et al., 2005) a score was derived to identify the performance of each site. A high score of which meant a maximize chance of success given the reduce presence of project constraints.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.380-386
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• 2008

The development of a new railway vehicle is under progress through the Next Generation High-Speed Rail Development Project in Korea. Its aim is to develope fundamental technology of the vehicle that can run over 400km/h. The new distributed traction bogie system, 'HEMU'(High-speed Electric Multiple Unit), will be used and is different from that of previously developed high speed railway vehicles. Previous vehicles adopted push-pull type system, which means one traction-car drives rest all of the vehicle. Due to the difference, investigation on dynamic behavior and its safety evaluation are necessary, as a part of verification of the design specification. In the paper, current progresses of researches are presented. And the High-Speed Railway vehicle system is evaluated for a dynamic characteristic simulation. Proper dynamic models including air-suspension system, wheel-rail, bogie and car-body is developed according to the vehicle simulation scenario. The basic platform for the development of dynamic solver is prepared using nodal, modal coordinate system and wheel-rail contact module. Operating scenario is prepared using commercial dynamic analysis program and used for development of dynamic model, which contains many parts such as carbodies, bogies and suspension systems. Furthermore, international safety standard is applied for final verification of the system. Finally, the reliability of the dynamic model will be verified with test results in the further researches. This research will propose a better solution when test results shows a problem in the parts and elements. Finally, the vehicle that has excellent performance will be developed, promoting academic achievement and technical development.