• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2018

Lysozyme is present in tears and has the ability to inhibit bacterial growth. In addition, it acts as a physiological scavenger for harmful substances. In the present study, sixteen tear samples from people of different ages were evaluated for their antibacterial spectrum against selected bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica Typhi). A radial diffusion assay was used to evaluate the antibacterial potential of tear samples. To correlate the antibacterial activities of these tear samples, the concentration of lysozyme in the tear samples was also determined. Ampicillin was used as a standard drug. The zone of inhibition (mm) was used to measure the antibacterial property of the tears. All samples showed good antibacterial activities. The tear samples of children showed antibacterial activities in the range of 4.40~5.00 mm inhibition zones against the selected bacterial strains. The tear samples from the young and adults showed good antibacterial potential with a zone of inhibition in the range of 3.20~4.00 and 4.00~5.50 mm, respectively. The tear samples from the old age group showed inhibition zones from 1.50~5 mm. The adult tear samples showed the maximum inhibition against the selected bacterial strains among all groups. The lysozyme concentration was 1.7 mg/mL, 1.95 mg/mL, 2.13 mg/mL, and 1.76 mg/mL for children, young, adults, and elderly, respectively. In conclusion, the tears from adults have the high inhibition potential. In addition, this data also showed that the lysozyme contents in the tear sample increased with age until 40~42 years.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.193-199
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• 2002

죽류의 편의 식품화 및 전통죽의 개발일환으로써 영양적으로 우수한 율무를 이용하여 율무죽을 개발하고자 특성을 조사하였다. 즉, 죽 제조시 쌀가루와 율무가루의 배합비율, 입자크기 및 수침시간에 따른 amylograph 특성을 Brabender visco-amylograph로 측정하였으며, 또한 관능적 특성 및 저장기간동안 율무죽의 품질특성변화를 연구하였다. 쌀가루 및 율무가루의 배합비율에 따른 율무죽의 amylograph 특성을 보면 호화개시온도 및 최고점도는 율무가루의 첨가량이 증가될수록 낮아졌다. 쌀가루 및 율무가루의 입자크기에 따른 amylograph 특성을 보면 호화개시온도는 입자의 크기가 미세할수록 낮았으나 최고점도 및 consistency는 입자의 크기가 미세할수록 높았다. 쌀가루 및 율무가루의 수침시간에 따라서 호화개시온도는 수침시간이 길어짐에 따라 약간 낮아졌으며 5$0^{\circ}C$의 냉각점도 및 consistency도 수침하지 않은 시료가 가장 높았고 수침시간이 길어짐에 따라 낮았다. 쌀가루와 율무가루의 배합비율에 따른 율무죽의 관능검사 결과 율무가루의 첨가량이 많을수록 색의 기호도는 저하되었으나 구수한 맛은 높게 평가되었고 전반적인 기호도는 쌀가루와 율무가루의 배합비율이 50:50인 경우 가장 높게 평가되었다. 율무죽을 제조한 다음 4$^{\circ}C$ 온도에서 14일 저장하는 동안 율무죽의 pH 및 점도 변화는 쌀가루와 율무가루 배합비율, 입자크기 및 수침시간에 따라 저장 초기에서 저장 6일까지 약간 증가하는 현상을 나타내었으나 저장 6일 후에는 감소하는 현상을 나타내었다. 이상의 실험결과로 쌀가루와 율무가루를 이용한 죽의 제조시 고려되어야 할 배합비율, 입자크기, 수침시간에 따른 특성, 관능적 특성 및 저장성을 살펴보았으며 추후 산업화를 위한 기초자료로 이용할수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.13-16
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• 2001

Object: To determine the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of an empty can test for diagnosing supraspinatus tendon tear. Methods: We reviewed 146 patients who have shoulder pain with limited active range of motion. We evaluated patients according to empty can test. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for supraspinatus test was estimated using arthroscopic evaluation. Results: A hundred and twenty-four of 127 cases with positive empty can test had supraspinatus tendon tear. Of 19 samples with negative empty can test, 15 had no supraspinatus tear. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for the empty can test were 97.6%, 83.3%, 97.6%, and 78.9%, respectively. Conclusions: Empty can test was found to have a high sensitivity and good positive predictive value in identifying the tear of rotator cuff tendon. We concluded that empty can test of the shoulder is a reliable diagnostic method which could be used for the diagnosis of rotator cuff tear.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.367-372
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• 2001

Five kinds of commercial ramie and hemp fabrics were treated with cellulase under different concentrations. Samples were mercerized before enzyme treatment to investigate the effect of mercerization on cellulase enzyme treatment. Physical characteristics(weight loss, tear strength retention, wrinkle recovery, drape stiffness, dyeability) of cellulase enzyme treated and untreated samples were measured and compared. X-ray diffractions were examined to verify if there were any changes in their crystallinity of enzyme treated fabrics. Weight loss, wrinkle recovery and degree of crystallinity increased as the concentration of cellulase enzyme increased. In the meanwhile, tear strength retention and drape stiffness and dyeability decreased. Enzyme activity was more effective on mercerized samples. Particularly, there was distinct tendency to increase weight loss and flexibility.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2015

Background: The purposes of the study were to examine rotator cuff tendon degeneration with respect to harvesting location, to determine a rationale for debridement of the torn end, and thus, to determine adequate debridement extent. Methods: Twenty-four patients with a full-thickness rotator cuff tear were included in the study. Tendon specimens were harvested during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair from three locations; from torn ends after minimal regularization of fraying (native end group, NE group), from torn ends after complete freshening of the frayed end (freshened end group, FE group), and from the macroscopically intact portion just distal to the musculotendinous junction (musculotendinous junction group, MTJ group). Control samples were harvested from patients admitted for surgery for proximal humerus fracture. Harvested samples were evaluated using a semi-quantitative grading scale. Results: Mean total degeneration scores in the NE group ($13.3{\pm}3.21$), the FE group ($12.5{\pm}2.30$), and in the MTJ group ($10.8{\pm}3.10$) were significantly higher than those in the normal control group ($5.0{\pm}2.87$; all p<0.001). Mean total degeneration score in the NE group was significantly higher than that in the MTJ group (p=0.012), but was not from that of the FE group. Mean total degeneration score in the FE group was not significantly different from that of the MTJ group. Conclusions: Tendon degeneration exists throughout the entire tendon to the macroscopically intact portion of full-thickness rotator cuff tear. Therefore, aggressive debridement to grossly normal appearing, bleeding tendon is unnecessary for enhancing healing after repair.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.197-201
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• 2016

Background: The purpose of the study was to compare the degree of degeneration of the articular and bursal layers of delaminated supraspinatus tendons based on histological examination. Methods: Fifty-four patients with a full-thickness rotator cuff tear were included in the study. Tendon specimens were harvested during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair from the lateral torn edges of the articular and bursal layers of the delaminated tear. Harvested samples were stained with H&E dye and evaluated based on a semi-quantitative grading scale. Results: There were no significant differences in the seven histological characteristics of tendon degeneration: fiber structure, fiber arrangement, round nuclei, regional variations in cellularity, vascularity, collagen stainability, and hyalinization between the articular and bursal layers of the delaminated rotator cuff tear (all p>0.05). Total degeneration scores of articular and bursal sides were $13.1{\pm}3.85$ points and $13.2{\pm}3.42$ points, respectively, and were not significantly different (p=0.958). Conclusions: The study demonstrates that tendon degeneration was similar in the articular and bursal sides of the delaminated full-thickness rotator cuff tear, suggesting that degeneration would be a main etiology for the rotator cuff tear not only in the articular side but also in the bursal side. Considering potential disadvantages of subacromial decompression, this study tentatively suggests routine use of subacromial decompression as well as the need for halting or recovery from rotator cuff degeneration for better rotator cuff repair.

• 공업화학
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.787-793
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• 1996

본 논문은 옵셋 잉크가 국내 신문고지의 탈묵에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 국내신문 옵셋잉크의 조성분과, 그들 잉크로 옵셋 인쇄된 시료를 10, 30, 90, 180일 동안 열화시킨 후, 이들의 탈묵성을 비교하였다. 인쇄잉크의 조성분을 다르게 하여 인쇄한 시료는 열화기간이 증가될 수록 수율과 백색도가 감소되었다. 특히 아마인유의 첨가량이 많은 시료의 경우, 열화기간에 따라 많은 수율의 감소와 백색도의 저하를가져왔다. 따라서 아마인유의 첨가량은 탈묵에 결정적인 역할을 한다는 결론을 얻었다. 또한 로진변성페놀수지와 길소나이트가 포함된 시료는 열화과정을 통해 상대적으로 백색도의 감소가 있었다. 강도 측면에서 볼 경우, 열화기간에 따라 대체로 인장지수와 파열지수는 감소하였고, 인열지수는 증가했다. 그러나 아마인유만을 비이클 성분으로 사용한 시료의 경우 다른 시료에 비해 모든 강도가 낮았는데, 이것은 잉크와 섬유간의 강한 가교결합이 형성되어 초지 시 해리가 어렵기 때문이다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.770-776
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to determine the optimum addition amount of Job's tears flour, in place of rice flour, in the preparation of Yulmoo Jeolpyon (Job's tears rice cake). The moisture contents of the Jeolpyon samples with added Job's tears flour were 43-45%. With increasing additions of Job's tears flour, the L-value decreased, whereas the a- and b-values increased. In the mechanical evaluation of the Job's tears Jeolpyon, hardness decreased with increasing amounts of Job's tears flour. Cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess and chewiness were lower in the Jeolpyon samples with added Job's tears flour with more than 0% Job's tears flour, respectively. The adhesiveness did not differ significantly with the addition of Job's tears flour. In the sensory evaluation, overall acceptability was highest at the 20% level of Job's tear flour. In conclusion the Jeolpyon made with 20% Job's tear flour to rice flour was found to be the best formulation, in terms of its overall acceptability and textural qualities.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1998

Lubricating softner(SOS-2) for permanent press(PP) finish was prepared by blending water, beef tallow hardened oil for improving softness, and the emulsion which was synthesized from N-hexadecanoyl-N,N'-bis(2-hexadecamidoethyl)amine as a softening component and silicone oil KF-96 as a lubricating component. The prepared SOS-2 and the PP finishing resin were applied to PP finishing cotton broad cloth and P/C gingham samples using one bath method. The properties such as tear strength, crease recovery, bending resistance test were tested. The samples treated with SOS-2 and PP finishing resin have improved properties, compared with nontreated samples, those treated only with PP finishing resin, those treated with commercial PP finishing softners and PP finishing resin.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.26-29
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• 2006

Samples of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) grown in Malaysia were examined to determine the kraft pulp and paper-making properties of their bast (or bark) fibers. Using kraft pulping process showed that bast fibers were relatively easy to cook resulting good pulp yields in the range of 45-51 %. The bast pulp produced sheets with great density, tear index and dry zero-span breaking length. Kenaf bast fiber is considered promising for production of high-grade printing, writing and specialty papers.