• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.867-875
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• 2016

Archaea substantially contribute to global geochemical cycling and energy cycling and are impacted by land-use change. However, the response of archaeal communities to a change from upland field to paddy field has been poorly characterized. Here, soil samples were collected at two depths (0-20 cm and 20-40 cm) from one upland field and six paddy fields that were established on former upland fields at different times (1, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 years before the study). Barcoded pyrosequencing was employed to assess the archaeal communities from the samples at taxonomic resolutions from phylum to genus levels. The total archaeal operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness showed a significant positive correlation with the land-use change duration. Two phyla, Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota, were recorded throughout the study. Both the relative abundance and OTU richness of Euryarchaeota increased at both depths but increased more steadily at the subsurface rather than at the surface. However, these data of Crenarchaeota were the opposite. Additionally, the archaeal composition exhibited a significant relationship with C/N ratios, total phosphorus, soil pH, Olsen phosphorus, and the land-use change duration at several taxonomic resolutions. Our results emphasize that after a change from upland fields to paddy fields, the archaeal diversity and composition changed, and the duration is an important factor in addition to the soil chemical properties.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.299-302
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• 2001

A taxonomic study of the family Antedonidae is presented. The specimens were collected in the coastal seas of Korea from 1970 to 1994 and deposited in the Natural History Museum of Ewha Womans University. Four species, Heliometra glacialis maxima, Antedon serrata, Antedon parviflora and Andrometra psyche of the subfamilies Heliometrinae and Antedoninae were identified, of which 3 species, Antedon serrata, Antedon parviflora and Andrometra psyche in the subfamily Antedoninae are new to Korea. The subfamily Antedoninae is reported for the first time in Korea.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.123-127
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• 2014

Parabrachiella bera (Yamaguti, 1939) is redescribed based on newly collected material from multicolorfin rainbowfish, Parajulis poecilopterus, landed at Wando fishery port on the southern coast of Korea. Although some differences were observed between the original description and the specimens examined in this study, these differences do not warrant a change in the taxonomic status of this species. Parabrachiella bera bears some resemblance to Parabrachiella incurva Shiino, 1956, but differs from it in details of the trunk and genital processes.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2022

We collected a total of four butterfly ray specimens (Gymnura japonica, 213.4-695.0 mm in total length) in Korea from 2016 to 2021 and investigated their morphological and molecular characteristics in order to clarify their taxonomic status. These features are summarized as follows. Disc lozenge-shaped, 1.8-2.0 times broader than long. Tail very short, post-cloaca length 23.9-28.2% in disc width. Snout short, no rostral cartilage. Clasper short, no hook. Dorsal surface uniform yellow or brownish grey, with or without rounded light yellow spots. An analysis of 434 base-pair sequences of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I showed that all four specimens corresponded to G. japonica from Japan (Kimura-2-parameter distance = 0-0.2%), suggesting that the color patterns found may be due to intraspecific color variation. G. japonica resembles Gymnura poecilura but differs in that it has a shorter tail length to disc width (23.9-28.2% in G. japonica vs. 40.1-48.3% in G. poecilura). This study revealed that G. japonica occurred in areas affected by the Tsushima Warm Current, tentatively suggesting that G. japonica may be an indicator species for monitoring marine ecosystem changes due to climate change.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.157-177
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• 1995

Monthly changes in communities of benthic macroinvertebrates collected in the Suyong and Soktae stream of the Suyong river were investigated from September 1993 to August 1994. The total number of species collected during the study period ranged from seven to seventy six species according to pollution levels at the study sites. Monthly changes in species richness appeared differently in different taxonomic assemblages. In chironomids differences in species richness responding to different levels of saprobity were shown consistently as time proceeded. In Ephemeroptera species richness at the relatively clean sites responded sensitively to slight enrichment. In connection with species richness the monthly changes in densities in taxonomic assemblages also appeared to effectively represent environmental impacts. Species diversity generally represented the pollution status also, however the monthly variations at the study sites appeared to be relatively high. The clustering analysis showed that the communities collected at polluted sites were grouped closely, and the communities collected at the relatively clean sites were clustered to the same stream although the degree of community association was low, Through the Principal Component Analysis, the impact of Pollution was reflected in a great degree in overall community variations.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.615-623
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• 2016

Bird species (BS) of the Nakdong River estuary (NRE) were selected to suggest conservation and management strategies, taking habitats and major threats into consideration. Five BS (Cygnus spp., Calidris alpina, Sterna albifrons, Fulica atra, and Anser fabalis) were selected following analysis of their dominance, national importance, seasonality, taxonomic group, and distribution within the NRE. The BS comprise two winter birds, one summer, one passage bird, and one resident bird. They can also be classified into four taxonomic groups: two under ducks and geese (Anatidae), and one each under gulls (Laridae), shorebirds (Scolopacidae), and diving birds (Rallidae). The results show that BS could be a useful tool in guiding estuary management because their habitats are clearly distinct, and include important areas of the NRE. A reduction of feeding and resting places-such as tidal flats, Scirpus planiculmis habitat, and agricultural farmland-and climate change are major threats to BS, therefore countermeasures to such threats should be considered in future estuary management plans.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.219-227
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• 2023

The US National Science Foundation's National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) is a continental-scale program intended to provide open data, samples, and infrastructure to understand changing ecosystems for a period of 30 years. NEON collects co-located measurements of drivers of environmental change and biological responses, using standardized methods at 81 field sites to systematically sample variability and trends to enable inferences at regional to continental scales. Alongside key atmospheric and environmental variables, NEON measures the biodiversity of many taxa, including microbes, plants, and animals, and collects samples from these organisms for long-term archiving and research use. Here we review the composition and use of NEON resources to date as a whole and specific to biodiversity as an exemplar of the potential of national research infrastructure to contribute to globally relevant outcomes. Since NEON initiated full operations in 2019, NEON has produced, on average, 1.4 M records and over 32 TB of data per year across more than 180 data products, with 85 products that include taxonomic or other organismal information relevant to biodiversity science. NEON has also collected and curated more than 503,000 samples and specimens spanning all taxonomic domains of life, with up to 100,000 more to be added annually. Various metrics of use, including web portal visitation, data download and sample use requests, and scientific publications, reveal substantial interest from the global community in NEON. More than 47,000 unique IP addresses from around the world visit NEON's web portals each month, requesting on average 1.8 TB of data, and over 200 researchers have engaged in sample use requests from the NEON Biorepository. Through its many global partnerships, particularly with the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, NEON resources have been used in more than 900 scientific publications to date, with many using biodiversity data and samples. These outcomes demonstrate that the data and samples provided by NEON, situated in a broader network of national research infrastructures, are critical to scientists, conservation practitioners, and policy makers. They enable effective approaches to meeting global targets, such as those captured in the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.365-374
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• 2016

고위도에서의 온도 상승은 $0.6^{\circ}C$/10 년으로, 이는 토양 유기 탄소에 대한 미생물의 분해 활성 증가를 유도한다. 게다가, 분해된 토양 유기 탄소는 이산화탄소 또는 메탄 같은 온실가스로 전환, 방출되어 기후 변화를 가속화시킨다. 따라서, 토양 유기 탄소 분해와 관련된 미생물의 다양성 및 기능 이해를 위한 토양 해동 모델 연구가 필요하다. 이러한 연구를 위하여 Alaska Council의 두 깊이의 토양(SPF와 PF라 각각 명명한 30-40와 50-60 cm 깊이의 토양)을 $0^{\circ}C$에서 108일 동안 배양하였다. 환경 모사 실험 동안 pyrosequencing을 수행하였고, metagenome을 분석하여 총 111,804개의 미생물 sequence를 얻었다. 이 중, 574-1,128개의 세균 operational taxonomic unit (OTU)과 30-57개의 고세균 OTU를 확인하였다. 토양 배양에 따라 두 토양 모두에서 Crenarchaeota phyla의 상대적 분포가 증가하였으며, Actinobacteria와 Firmicutes phyla의 분포가 SPF와 PF에서 각각 크게 증가하였다. 추출한 토양 유기 탄소에 대한 무게 측정 및 gel permeation chromatography를 통해, 환경 모사 실험이 진행되는 동안 토양 유기 탄소의 주요 구성 성분인 부식산(humic acids)이 중합화(humification)되는 것을 확인하였다. 결론적으로, 냉대 툰드라 동토의 해동은 Crenarchaeota, Actinobacteria 및 Firmicutes phyla의 증가를 야기시키며, 미생물에 의한 토양 유기 탄소 분해 및 이용을 야기시키는 것으로 예측된다.

• 환경생물
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.165-178
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 국내에 도입된 외래 포유류를 조사하여 생태계위해성평가와 외래생물 관리 데이터베이스 구축에 필요한 기초자료를 제시하고자 했다. 이를 위해 관상 목적으로 도입된 외래 포유류, 개인 간 거래되는 외래 포유류 등 사육 환경에서의 외래 포유류와 자연에 유입된 외래 포유류를 조사하여 한국에 도입된 외래 포유류 목록을 구축하였다. 한국에 도입된 외래 포유류는 총 163분류군으로 확인되었다. 관상 목적으로 도입된 외래 포유류는 11목 44과 139분류군, 개인 간 거래되는 외래 포유류는 5목 19과 28분류군, 자연생태계에 유입된 외래 포유류는 총 4목 7과 8분류군으로 나타났다. 국내 도입된 외래 포유류의 효과적인 관리를 위해서는 도입된 모든 종의 목록을 토대로 종별 개체수, 도입지역 등 기초적인 정보의 확보가 중요하다. 아울러, 자연생태계 유출 시 나타날 수 있는 생태계위해성에 대한 객관적 평가를 통해 잠재적인 위해 정도를 구분하고 이에 근거한 관리정책의 체계적 연계가 필요하다. 마지막으로, 국내 자연생태계에 유입된 Capra hircus, Cervus nippon taiouanus, Felis catus, Myocastor coypus, Ondatra zibethicus, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Ovis aries, Rattus norvegicus 등 8분류군에 대해서는 확산 변화 양상에 관한 지속적인 모니터링과 서식 변화 수준에 따른 즉각적 대응체계 구축 등 국가 차원에서의 확산 제어 방안 마련이 시급히 요구된다.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.158-170
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• 2016

국내 연안에서 하계에 출현하는 Alexandrium 속 와편모류의 종 다양성 연구를 위해, 2013년 7월부터 10월까지 19개 정점에서 해수 시료를 채취하였고, 이 가운데 4개 지역에서 Alexandrium 속의 와편모류가 확인되었다. 해당 4개 해수 시료에 단세포/단세포사 분리법을 적용하여, 총 22 종류의 Alexandrium 단종배양체를 확립하였다. 이 가운데 4종류의 Alexandrium 단종배양체에 대한 형태학 및 유전학적 특성을 분석한 결과, 각각 A. catenella, A. affine, A. fraterculus 및 Alexandrium sp.(strain WEB-Alex-01)인 것으로 확인되었다. 우리나라 연안에서 일반적으로 Alexandrium이 춘계 또는 추계의 중수온기에 주로 출현하는 것으로 알려진 바와는 대조적으로, 다양한 Alexandrium 종들이 하계에도 출현함을 확인하였다. 미동정 Alexandrium sp.(strain WEB-Alex-01) 종주는 국내 최초 보고 종으로서, 이 단종배양체에 대한 분류, 생리, 생태, 독성 등에 관한 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.