• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.107-127
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of mathematical instruction through performance task activities based on the The Backward Design, which was suggested at first by Wiggins & McTighe in 1998. The Design deals with a performance assessment task involving the whole objective and its entire content of a lesson. Based on the Backward Design, this study established the mathematical instructional materials, which deal with the concept of 'the sector' taught in middle school, with one large performance task including three small tasks. It is important that in the lesson students be guided to achieve the several learning goals by themselves through reasoning activities. For this purpose, a formal interview was carried out by the subject of three middle school mathematics teachers. As a result, in order to implement the instruction utilizing the performance tasks more efficiently in future, it is required that a large performance task should be selected or developed including the content or problem contexts to be relevant with the real-life challenging situations. In addition, to make students enhance reasoning skills, it is strongly requested that the tasks including the utilization of supplementary materials such as technological devices or manipulatives be dealt with in a lesson.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.311-322
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• 2020

This study aims to examine curvilinearly moderating effects of task interdependence on the relationship between demographic faultlines and group performance. It posits that the degree of task interdependence has an impact on the effects of demographic faultlines. It was conducted in six organizations in Korea, their industries including heavy industries, hospital, construction, petrochemical, fine chemicals, and system integration. The survey was distributed to 1330 individuals in 162 teams and 1082 individuals in 137 teams responded to the questionnaire. To test the hypotheses including nonlinear interactions, we conducted a hierarchical regression analysis to the survey data from 82 groups within six firms in Korea. The results show that for groups that experience a high level of task interdependence, the slope for the regression of demographic faultlines on group performance is comparatively low and, at the low level of task interdependence, insignificant. However, at intermediate levels of task interdependence, the association was strongly negative and significant. This study finds that the negative relationship between demographic faultlines and group performance is stronger when task interdependence is moderate than when task interdependence is high or low. Therefore, managers should pay attention to optimal group design by carefully assigning tasks in diverse and divided groups.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.513-537
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• 2002

The aim of this study is to investigate the purpose of the performance assess-ment, to develop and to apply it's task. By reviewing previous study, I conclude that the performance assessment is sug-gested to evaluate mathematical thinking and attitude in the purpose of school mathematics. To develop the task to fit the purpose of the performance assessment, I refer to the middle and high level in Van den Heuvel's classification the task "Find the number in the star" and about the assess-ment of school mathematics. Then I apply the performance assessment task developed according to this level, analyse the responses of children to "Let's make the problem" and suggest it's assessment rubric and anchor papers for each level for illustrating the process of developing a rubric. Finally, considerations to improve the performance assessment are discussed.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권5호
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• pp.875-880
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• 2008

In this paper, a novel method to determine the optimal checkpoint interval for real-time control task is proposed considering its performance degradation according to tasks's execution time. The control task in this paper has a specific sampling period shorter than its deadline. Control performance is degraded as the control task execution time is prolonged across the sampling period and eventually zero when reached to the deadline. A new performance index is defined to represent the performance variation due to the extension of task execution time accompanying rollback fault recovery. The procedure to find the optimal checkpoint interval is addressed and several simulation examples are presented.

• 경영정보학연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.105-125
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• 2017

SNS 사용과 성과의 관계에 관해서는 여러 연구가 있어 왔으나, 대부분의 선행 연구들은 작업 도중 SNS의 사용이 해당 작업의 성과에 미치는 영향을 연구하기 보다는 SNS 사용자와 비사용자의 평소 성과를 비교하여 긍정적, 혹은 부정적이라는 서로 상반된 결론을 내려왔었다. SNS의 사용이 공간과 시간의 제약 없이 일상화된 만큼, 본 연구에서는 이러한 기존 연구들을 보완하고자 실험 설계를 통하여 작업 도중 SNS의 사용과 해당 작업의 성과에 관한 탐색적 연구를 진행하였다. 이를 위해 휴식과 성과, 작업의 종류와 휴식의 종류에 대한 기존 문헌을 토대로 SNS의 역할을 긍정적, 혹은 부정적으로 단정짓지 않고 다양한 상황에서 보다 구체적으로 살펴보려 하였으며, 그 방법으로 실험 참여자의 뇌파해석, 자기 보고, 컴퓨터 기록 등 다양한 측정지표를 사용하였다. 그 결과, 간단한 작업 도중 SNS를 사용할 경우 단순 휴식을 취했을 때 보다 이후 성과가 개선되었으나, 복잡한 작업 도중 SNS를 사용한 경우에는 그 개선도가 단순 휴식과 비교했을 때 차이가 없었다. 추가 분석 결과 SNS 사용 후 성과가 개선된 참여자들의 경우, 간단한 작업을 수행한 참여자의 경우에는 SNS 사용 경험 및 몰입도가 성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 복잡한 작업의 경우에는 자아 존중감 확인은 긍정적, 사회적 실재감은 부정적 영향을 미친 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.540-554
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze task performance and importance level of the dietitian who is working in the public health nutrition area. Work oriented job analysis methodology was employed for the study purpose. Subjects of 38 dietitians currently working at health centers in 2002 were recruited. Based on the focus group interview with 7 public health nutritionists and 7 professors, information about task elements was collected. Questionnaires measuring work performance and self-perception of importance of the selected task elements were administered. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1) The tasks with high performance and importance level among 20 tasks are developing nutrition education material (B1), nutrition services for adults and the elderly (C3), writing the proposal for nutrition services (A2), evaluating service effect (A4), improving professionalism (E1), and self management (E2). 2) The task elements with high performance and importance level among weekly task elements are nutrition education for diabetes (C56), nutrition counseling for adults (C47), nutrition for hypertension (C53), managing and keeping records (C80), nutrition education for kindergarten and nursery school children (C42), searching for nutrition education materials (B26), and searching for media (B27). 3) The number of task elements with high performance and importance level among monthly task elements are 13 in the planning and evaluation of public health nutrition service, and 5 in developing nutrition education materials. The tasks of a dietitian in the public health center show a very wide spectrum. However dietitians recognize most of the tasks are important even though they cannot perform those tasks adequately.

• 인지과학
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.449-467
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• 2011

본 연구는 동시과제의 처리적절성이 미래계획기억의 수행에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 고안되었다. 동시과제와 미래기억과제 간의 처리적절성을 동시과제 단어목록 유형과 미래기억과제 목표단어들의 범주를 통해 조작하였다. 동시과제의 단어목록은 의미연합 목록과 모양연합 목록으로 구성되었으며, 미래기억과제 목표단어들은 의미처리를 중심으로 기억할 수 있는 단어들과 글자모양 중심으로 기억할 수 있는 단어들로 구성되었다. 과제처리적 절성 이론에 따라서, 동시과제의 연합차원이 미래계획기억과제의 연합차원과 동일할 때에, 미래계획기억의 수행이 좋을 것으로 예상하였다. 총 50명의 참가자들이 두 개의 실험에 참가하였다. 실험 결과, 미래계획기억과제의 수행은 동시과제와 미래계획기억과제의 연합차원이 같을 때에 좋게 나타났다. 또한 미래계획기억 목표단어와 동시과제의 처리적절성이 높은목록에 대해 동시과제의 목록 재인율도 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 기존의 과제처리적절성 이론의 최근 연구 결과들에 비추어 논의되었다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.405-408
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• 2012

Purpose: We examined the effect of dual-task and single-task training on serial reaction time (SRT) task performance to determine whether SRT is based more on motor or perception in a dual-task. Methods: Forty healthy adults were divided into two groups: the dual-task group (mean age, $21.8{\pm}1.6$ years) and the single-task group (mean age, $21.7{\pm}1.6$ years). SRT task was conducted total 480 trial. The four figures were presented randomly 16 times. A unit was set as 1 block that would repeat 10 times. Thus, there were a total of 160 trials for each of the three color conditions. The dual-task group performed an SRT task while detecting the color of a specific shape. The end of the task, subjects answered the specific shape number; the single-task group only performed the SRT task. The study consisted of three parts: pre-measurement, task performance, and post-measurement. Results: Differences of pre and post reaction time between two group was higher for the dual-task group as compared to the single task group and there was a significant interaction between time and group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our results indicate that. short term period SRT is not quiet effective under dual-task conditions, individuals need additional cognitive processes to successfully navigate a task This suggests that dual-task training might not be appropriate for motor learning enhancement, at least when the training is over a short period.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the effect of role conflict, self-efficacy, and resilience on the nursing task performance of emergency department (ED) nurses. Methods: Data were collected from 140 ED nurses working in 6 general hospitals, using self-reporting questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0, and the analyses included descriptive statistics, a t-test, an ANOVA, the Pearson's correlation coefficient test, and a stepwise multiple regression. Results: Nursing task performance differed significantly in terms of the following general characteristics of the participants: age, marital status, total clinical experience, clinical experience in the ED, and position at the hospital. Nursing task performance was positively correlated with role conflict, self-efficacy, and resilience. Self-efficacy, role conflict, clinical experience in the ED, and resilience were significant predictors of nursing performance, and they accounted for 36.9% of the variance. Conclusion: Self-efficacy was identified as the most significant factor affecting the nursing task performance of ED nurses. Therefore, it is necessary to develop programs to improve the self-efficacy of ED nurses.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose was to analyze the effects of internal marketing activity factors on nurse's turnover intention, nursing task performance and nursing productivity. Methods: The subjects were 355 nurses who were working at the 3 universities hospital over 1 year. The instruments were used of internal marketing activity factors(Lee, 2001), turnover intension(Lee, 1995), nursing task performance(Park, 1988) and nursing productivity(McNeese-Smith, 1996). Results: The mean score of internal marketing activity factors was 2.79, education and training 2.97, individualization 2.93, communication 2.87, promotion 2.76, work environment 2.63, reward system 2.62, and management vision for employee 2.61. The turnover intention was 3.12, nursing task performance 3.49, and nursing productivity 3.38. The internal marketing activity factors were negatively correlated with turnover intention(r=-0.37, p<0.0001), and positively correlated with nursing task performance(r=0.29, p<0.0001) and nursing productivity(r=0.30, p<0.0001). The key predictor of turnover intension was reward system, education and training, communication, and salary. They explained 35.0% of the total variance. In nursing task performance, communication, management vision for employee, salary and unit explained 26.0% of the total variance. In nursing productivity, communication, reward, education and training, salary, and position explained 24.0%. Conclusions: To increase nurse's nursing task performance and nursing productivity and to decrease turnover intention, it is necessary to concentrate on improving communication and reward system in the internal marketing activity factors. Through these activities, the effectiveness of internal marketing strategies will be enhanced and finally, nursing organizational outcome will be increased.