• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.568-572
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• 2009

The adsorption characteristics of tartrazine by granular activated carbon were experimentaly investigated in the batch adsorber and the packed column. The adsorptivity of activated carbon for tartrazine was largely improved by pH control, and 98 percent of initial concentration could be removed at pH 3. It was estabilished that the adsorption equilibrium of tartrazine on granular activated carbon was sucessfully fitted by Freundlich isotherm equation in the concentration range from 50 mg/L to 1,000 mg/L. The characteristics of breakthrough curve of activated carbon packed column, which depend on the design variables such as initial concentration, bed height, and flow rate, were studied.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 1987

With the market of food products, the use of food additives is on the increase. The dye as food additives, can be used for some foods which are difficult to preserve their own colors. It can be also classified as tar dye, vegetable dye and mineral dye. Because tar dye has dense toxicity, only 15 articles among them are legally allowed to be used. Among the allowed articles, the azo compound amaranth, tartrazine, sunset yellow, and allura red, were used in determining and comparing rat hepatic azo reductase activity and we observed the flavin's effects as follows: 1. Investigation with amaranth as substrate gave an apparent Km of $645\;\mu\textrm{M}$ and Vmax of 50 n mol/min/mg protein. 2. On investigation using a fixed amaranth concentration over a range of flavin concentration, FAD significantly increased the activity of the azo reductase compared with only minor increases in reaction mediated by the NADPH-generating system alone. 3. On investigation with amaranth, tartrazine, sunset yellow allura red as electron acceptor in the absence or presence of 300 mM-FAD, sunset yellow was reduced at a rat similar to amaranth, tartrazine was reduced at a slower rate and allura red was reduced a little more rapidly.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.752-757
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• 2011

The effects of reaction temperature, reactant concentration, pH of solution and mixing order of reactants on the particle shape and size distribution of zinc oxide were investigated in the preparation of zinc oxide from ammonium hydroxide and zinc acetate by the method of aqueous hydrothermal precipitation method, and the photocatalytic ability of zinc oxide synthesized was measured from the degradation of tartrazine under UV irradiation. The average particle size was increased with pH of solution but decreased with zinc acetate concentration and reaction temperature. The optimum condition for the synthesis of minimum sized zinc oxide was pH 11.2, concentration of zinc acetate 0.6 M and reaction temperature $90^{\circ}C$, and its average particle size was 3.133 ${\mu}$m. 97% of tartrazine was degraded by zinc oxide in sixty minutes.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.269-274
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• 1996

The binding interactions between human serum albumin (HSA) and the edible food dyes amaranth, tartrazine and sunset yellow have been studied. Intrinsic association constants and the free energy changes associated with dye-protein binding at physiological pH for amaranth and tartrazine, and at two different pH values for sunset yellow have been calculated from ultrafiltration data. The temperature dependence $(20-40^{\circ}C)$ of the intrinsic association constants at pH 7.4 for amaranth-HSA and tartrazine-HSA mixtures have been measured, from which a plot of the van't Hoff isochore exhibits a marked change in slope around $30^{\circ}C$ indicating a possible change in protein conformation. The number of dye binding sites on HSA is reported for all the above conditions. HSA-ligand binding enthalpies have been used in conjunction with the N-B transitional binding enthalpy for HSA, to calculate the enthalpy for the N-B transition when ligands are bound with the protein.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.421-429
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• 2020

This report describes the simultaneous detection of the two dyes most commonly used in food, tartrazine (TZ) and sunset yellow (SY), based on a microcomposite of carbon paste decorated with La₂O₃ and TiO₂. Anodic currents for SY-TZ were observed at 0.89-1.21 V by cyclic voltammetry (CV) separated with a ΔV of 0.32 V. The increased anodic peak currents compared to that of the unmodified carbon paste electrode were almost 50 and 41% for SY-TZ, respectively. The detection limits with the optimal amount of La₂O₃-TiO₂ were 0.02 and 0.03 µmol/L, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) based on fifty measurements was less than 3%. The versatility and novelty of the sensor were tested with food samples containing these substances and other substances.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.257-260
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• 1970

To the rabbit and guinea pig, tartrazine was administered, either parenterally through venous or peritoneal injection or orally, with the amount of 7.5-50 mg/kg body weight in case of rabbit and 1,000-2,000mg per animal in case of guinea pig, in order to observe acute toxic effect of the dye in the animals. Blood serum was analyzed chemically and all the internal organs were microscopically observed for this purpose. The results point to the fact that severe hemorrhagic and congestive findings in most of the organs can be induced by the amount of the dye utilized, and particularly liver damage could be resulted.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1155-1161
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• 2006

The characteristics of photocatalytic degradation of tar colorants such as brilliant blue FCF(BBF) and tartrazine(TTZ) with zinc oxide suspension was studied in a batch reactor under irradiation of ultra-violet ray. Photocatalytic degradation of TTZ with ZnO was more higher than that of BBF, and was Increased with dosage of ZnO below 5g, but was nearly affected with initial pH of two tar colorants aqueous solution. Ammonium persulfate was more effective oxidant than potassium bromate which slightly increased the degradation of BBF, but not increased the degradation of TTZ. The photocatalytic degradation rates of BBF and TTZ were pseudo-first order with rate constants of 0.0066, 0.0092 and $0.015min^{-1}$ for BBF, 0.042, 0.017 and $0.110min^{-1}$ for TTZ at the dosage of 1, 2 and 5g ZnO, respectively.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.169-175
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• 1985

The binding of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-edible dyes was studied by spectrophotometric method. The edible dyes used in this study were amaranth, erythrosine, tartrazine and sunset yellow. The binding free energies and binding sites were determined at pH 7.4. The ranges of edible dye concentration were from 0.3 to $7{\times}10^{-5}$M, and those of BSA were from 0.15 to $3{\times}10^{-5}$M. The binding free energies of BSA-edible dyes were from -6, 300 to -8, 100 cal/mole.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.297-304
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• 2014

In this study, we investigated the relationship between the adsorption property of Methyl violet or Tartrazine dye onto silica sol surface and surface charge density of the sol. The adsorption ratio of Methyl violet dye on silica sol decreased to 74% and 92% for the 68nm and 94nm silica sol, respectively, at dye concentration of $175{\mu}g/m^2$. However, the adsorption ratio of Tartrazine dye on 68nm and 94nm silica sol was about 0% for both of them. The surface charge density is $-0.40C/m^2$, $-0.26C/m^2$ for 68nm and 94nm silica sol, respectively. The amount of Methyl violet dye adsorbed on silica sol increased with an increase of surface charge density of particle at the same concentration of the dye. The adsorbed amount of the silica having high surface charge density is larger at high pH domain. But adsorbed amount of the silica having low surface charge density is larger at low pH domain.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2019

Tartrazine (TAZ) is one of the most commonly used artificial dyes for foods and drugs. We determined the effect of TAZ on fetal development by examining morphological, visceral, and skeletal malformations in rat fetuses following daily oral administration of TAZ to pregnant Wistar rats at the 6th-15th day of gestation. TAZ at 0.45 and 4.5 mg/kg induced 6.0 and 7.1% fetal resorptions, as well as 10.0 and 10.5% fetal mortality, respectively. Fetal body weight and length were significantly lower in the groups treated with TAZ at 0.45 ($3.97{\pm}0.21g$ and $27.3{\pm}0.54mm$, respectively) and 4.5 mg/kg ($3.48{\pm}0.15g$ and $23.22{\pm}1.02mm$, respectively) than in the control group ($4.0{\pm}0.15g$ and $30.01{\pm}0.42mm$, respectively). TAZ at 0.45 and 4.5 mg/kg induced hepatic damage (20 and 33.3%, respectively), dark brown pigmentation due to hemosiderin in the splenic parenchyma (16.7 and 21.7%, respectively), as well as destructed and necrotic renal tubules (16.7 and 26.7%, respectively) in the fetuses. Moreover, TAZ at 0.45 and 4.5 mg/kg caused one or more missing coccygeal vertebrae (20 and 40%, respectively), missing sternebrae (6 and 10%, respectively), missing hind limbs (24 and 4%, respectively), and irregular ribs (16 and 20, respectively) in the fetuses. We concluded that TAZ has embryotoxic and teratogenic potentials in rats.