• 제목/요약/키워드: Target tissue

검색결과 606건 처리시간 0.029초

내부표적체적 설정을 통한 방사선치료계획 평가 (Radiation Treatment Planning Evaluation by Internal Target Volume Settings)

  • 박호춘;한재복;최남길
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제15권8호
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    • pp.416-423
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구에서는 내부표적체적을 통한 방사선치료계획을 분석하여 호흡연동방사선치료에 주로 이용되는 호기상태의 치료계획체적과 비교 분석하여 정상조직이 받은 선량을 알아보았다. 2013년 12월부터 2014년 6월까지 모 대학교병원 방사선종양학과에서 복부부위에 호흡연동방사선치료를 받은 환자 25명을 대상으로 하였으며, 암의 종류는 liver(64%), CBD(8%), gastric(8%), GB(8%), pancreas(8%), SMA(4%)이었다. ITV와 PTV 체적의 평균치는 $471.44cm^3$, $425.48cm^3$ 로 체적의 증가를 알 수 있었고, PTV구간에서 ITV구간으로 선택한 구간의 증가로 인해 정상조직체적 또한 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 정상조직체적의 증가, target volume 증가, 치료조사야 면적증가의 차이와 정상조직이 받은 선량평균치의 차이에서는 right kidney가 유의한 증가를 보였다. 호흡평균치에 따른 정상조직이 받은 선량평균치의 차이는 없었고 target moving과 정상조직의 선량평균치의 차이에서는 both kidney가 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 PTV구간과 ITV구간 체적 설정을 통한 치료방법이 모두 정상조직의 보호선량에 적합하였으며, 처방선량의 95% 이상이 분포하였으므로 환자의 치료목적에 따라 선택적으로 사용되어도 무방할 것이라 사료된다.

Differential Expression of miR-34c and Its Predicted Target Genes in Testicular Tissue at Different Development Stages of Swine

  • Zhang, Xiaojun;Zhao, Wei;Li, Chuanmin;Yu, Haibin;Qiao, YanYan;Li, Aonan;Lu, Chunyan;Zhao, Zhihui;Sun, Boxing
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제28권11호
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    • pp.1532-1536
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    • 2015
  • To verified the target genes of miR-34c, bioinformatics software was used to predict the targets of miR-34c. Three possible target genes of miR-34c related to spermatogenesis and male reproductive development: zinc finger protein 148 (ZNF148), kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) were predicted. Then, the expression of miR-34c and its target genes were detected in swine testicular tissue at different developmental stages by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results suggested that the expression of PDGFRA has the highest negative correlation with miR-34c. Then immunohistochemical staining was done to observe the morphology of swine testicular tissue at 2-days and 3, 4, 5-months of age, which indicated that PDGFRA was mainly expressed in the support cells near the basement membrane during the early development stages of testicular tissue, but that the expression of PDGFRA was gradually reduced in later stages. Therefore, western blot analyzed that the highest expression of PDGFRA was generated in 2-days old testicular tissues and the expression levels reduced at 3 and 4-months old, which correlated with the results of immunohistochemical staining. In conclusion, PDGFRA is a target gene of miR-34c.

3-D High Resolution Ultrasonic Transmission Tomography and Soft Tissue Differentiation

  • Kim Tae-Seong
    • 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.55-63
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    • 2005
  • A novel imaging system for High-resolution Ultrasonic Transmission Tomography (HUTT) and soft tissue differentiation methodology for the HUTT system are presented. The critical innovation of the HUTT system includes the use of sub-millimeter transducer elements for both transmitter and receiver arrays and multi-band analysis of the first-arrival pulse. The first-arrival pulse is detected and extracted from the received signal (i.e., snippet) at each azimuthal and angular location of a mechanical tomographic scanner in transmission mode. Each extracted snippet is processed to yield a multi-spectral vector of attenuation values at multiple frequency bands. These vectors form a 3-D sinogram representing a multi-spectral augmentation of the conventional 2-D sinogram. A filtered backprojection algorithm is used to reconstruct a stack of multi-spectral images for each 2-D tomographic slice that allow tissue characterization. A novel methodology for soft tissue differentiation using spectral target detection is presented. The representative 2-D and 3-D HUTT images formed at various frequency bands demonstrate the high-resolution capability of the system. It is shown that spherical objects with diameter down to 0.3㎜ can be detected. In addition, the results of soft tissue differentiation and characterization demonstrate the feasibility of quantitative soft tissue analysis for possible detection of lesions or cancerous tissue.

Feasibility of normal tissue dose reduction in radiotherapy using low strength magnetic field

  • Jung, Nuri Hyun;Shin, Youngseob;Jung, In-Hye;Kwak, Jungwon
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • 제33권3호
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    • pp.226-232
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: Toxicity of mucosa is one of the major concerns of radiotherapy (RT), when a target tumor is located near a mucosal lined organ. Energy of photon RT is transferred primarily by secondary electrons. If these secondary electrons could be removed in an internal cavity of mucosal lined organ, the mucosa will be spared without compromising the target tumor dose. The purpose of this study was to present a RT dose reduction in near target inner-surface (NTIS) of internal cavity, using Lorentz force of magnetic field. Materials and Methods: Tissue equivalent phantoms, composed with a cylinder shaped internal cavity, and adjacent a target tumor part, were developed. The phantoms were irradiated using 6 MV photon beam, with or without 0.3 T of perpendicular magnetic field. Two experimental models were developed: single beam model (SBM) to analyze central axis dose distributions and multiple beam model (MBM) to simulate a clinical case of prostate cancer with rectum. RT dose of NTIS of internal cavity and target tumor area (TTA) were measured. Results: With magnetic field applied, bending effect of dose distribution was visualized. The depth dose distribution of SBM showed 28.1% dose reduction of NTIS and little difference in dose of TTA with magnetic field. In MBM, cross-sectional dose of NTIS was reduced by 33.1% with magnetic field, while TTA dose were the same, irrespective of magnetic field. Conclusion: RT dose of mucosal lined organ, located near treatment target, could be modulated by perpendicular magnetic field.

Differential Regulation of Obesity by Swim Training in Female Sham-operated and Ovariectomized Mice

  • Jeong, Sun-Hyo;Yoon, Mi-Chung
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.13-20
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    • 2011
  • The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\alpha}$ ($PPAR{\alpha}$) is a nuclear transcription factor that plays a central role in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. To investigate whether swim training improves obesity and lipid metabolism through $PPAR{\alpha}$ activation in female sham-operated (Sham) and ovariectomized (OVX) mice, we measured body weight, visceral adipose tissue mass, serum free fatty acid at 6 weeks as well as the expression of hepatic $PPAR{\alpha}$ target genes involved in fatty acid oxidation. Swim-trained mice had decreased body weight, visceral adipose tissue mass and serum free fatty acid levels compared to high fat diet fed control mice in both female Sham and OVX mice. These reductions were more prominent in OVX than in Sham mice. Swim training significantly increased hepatic mRNA levels of $PPAR{\alpha}$ target genes responsible for mitochondrial fatty acid ${\beta}$-oxidation, such as carnitine palmitoyltransgerase-1 (CPT-1), very long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD), and medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) in OVX mice. However, swim trained female Sham mice did not increase hepatic mRNA levels of $PPAR{\alpha}$ target genes responsible for mitochondrial fatty acid ${\beta}$-oxidation compared to Sham control mice. These results indicate that swim training differentially regulates body weight and adipose tissue mass between OVX and Sham mice, at least in part due to differences in liver $PPAR{\alpha}$ activation.

Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor ${\gamma}$ Is Not Associated with Adipogenesis in Female Mice

  • Yoon, Mi-Chung;Jeong, Sun-Hyo
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.139-146
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    • 2008
  • The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}$ $(PPAR{\gamma})$ plays a central role in adipogenesis and lipid storage. The $(PPAR{\gamma})$ ligands, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), enhance in vitro adipogenesis in several cell types, but the role of the TZDs on in vivo adipogenesis is still poorly understood. To investigate how $PPAR{\gamma}$ ligand troglitazone regulates adipogenesis in female mice, we examined the effects of the troglitazone on adipose tissue mass, morphological changes of adipocytes, and the expression of $PPAR{\gamma}$ target and adipocyte-specific genes in low fat diet-fed female C57BL/6 mice. Administration of troglitazone for 13 weeks did not change body and total white adipose tissue weights compared with control mice. Troglitazone treatment also did not cause a significant decrease in the average size of adipocytes in parametrial adipose tissue although it is reported to increase the number of small adipocytes in male animals. Troglitazone did not affect the mRNA expression of $PPAR{\gamma}$ and its target genes as well as adipocyte-specific genes in parametrial adipose tissue. These results suggest that $PPAR{\gamma}$ does not seem to be associated with adipogenesis in females with functioning ovaries and that its inability to induce adipogenesis may be due to sex-related factors.

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Regulation of PPAR and SREBP-1C Through Exercise in White Adipose Tissue of Female C57BL/6J Mice

  • Jeong, Sun-Hyo
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.227-236
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    • 2012
  • Previous study showed that swimming improved obesity but was not through $PPAR{\alpha}$ activation in liver and skeletal muscle in high fat diet-fed female mice with functioning ovaries as an animal model of obese premenopausal women. Thus, this study was aimed at investigation of the effects of swimming on the promotion of health and its molecular mechanism in adipose tissue of high fat diet-fed female mice. Eight-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups (a non-swim control group and a swim group, n=8/group). Mice in the swim group swam for 2 h daily for 6 weeks in water bath with temperature of $35{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. All the animals received high fat diet (45% kcal fat) for 6 weeks. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to elucidate the molecular mechanism. Female mice subjected to swimming had significantly decreased body weight gain and white adipose tissue mass compared with the female control mice. Histological studies illustrated that swimming decreases the hepatic lipid accumulation. As expected, swimming did not affect the expression of mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) ${\alpha}$ and $PPAR{\alpha}$ target genes responsible for mitochondrial fatty acid ${\beta}$-oxidation, such as carnitine palmitoyltransgerase-1 and medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase in the white adipose tissue. However, mice that underwent 6-weeks of swimming exercise had decreased the mRNA expression of lipogenic genes, such as sterol regulatory element-binding proteins-1C and fatty acid synthase in comparison to sedentary control mice, with decreased $PPAR{\gamma}$ target genes involved in adipocyte-specific marker genes, such as adipocyte fatty acid binding protein and leptin in the white adipose tissue. These results suggest that swimming can effectively prevent obesity induced by high fat diet-fed, in part through down-regulation of adipogenesis and lipogenesis in white adipose tissue of female obese mice. Moreover, these results suggest that swimming maybe contributing the promotion of health through regulation of adipogenesis and lipogenesis in overweight premenopausal women.

Swim Training Improves Fitness in High Fat Diet-fed Female Mice

  • Jun, Jong-Kui;Lee, Wang-Lok;Lee, Young-Ran;Jeong, Sun-Hyo
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제16권3호
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    • pp.151-159
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    • 2010
  • The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor $\alpha$ (PPAR$\alpha$) is a nuclear transcription factor that plays a central role in lipid metabolism and obesity. Exercise also is a powerful modifier of the manifestations of the lipid metabolism and obesity in animal models and humans with obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, effects of exercise on lipid metabolism and obesity in normal-weight younger female subjects, having functional ovaries and not metabolic disease, remain unexplained. To explore the effects of exercise on the development of obesity and its molecular mechanism in high fat diet-fed female C57BL/6J mice, we experimented the effects of swim training on body weight, adipose tissue mass, serum lipid levels, morphological changes of adipocytes and the expression of PPAR$\alpha$ target genes involved in fat oxidation in skeletal muscle tissue of female C57BL/6J mice. Swim-trained mice had significantly decreased body weight, adipose tissue mass, serum triglycerides compared with female control mice. Histological studies showed that swim training significantly decreased the average size of adipoctyes in parametrial adipose tissue. Swim training did not affect the expression of PPAR$\alpha$ mRNA in skeletal muscle. Concomitantly, swim training did not increase mRNA levels of PPAR$\alpha$ target genes responsible for fatty acid $\beta$-oxidation, such as carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, enoyl-CoA hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and thiolase in skeletal muscle. In conclusion, these results indicate that swim training regulates lipid metabolism and obesity in high fat diet fed-female mice although swim training did not increase mRNA levels of PPAR$\alpha$ target genes involved in fatty acid $\beta$-oxidation in skeletal muscle, suggesting that swim training may prevent obesity and improve fitness through other mechanisms in female with ovaries, not through the activation of skeletal muscle PPAR$\alpha$.

Identification of microRNAs and their target genes in the placenta as biomarkers of inflammation

  • Jang, Hee Yeon;Lim, Seung Mook;Lee, Hyun Jung;Hong, Joon-Seok;Kim, Gi Jin
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • 제47권1호
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    • pp.42-53
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    • 2020
  • Objective: Recently, microRNA (miRNA) has been identified both as a powerful regulator involved in various biological processes through the regulation of numerous genes and as an effective biomarker for the prediction and diagnosis of various disease states. The objective of this study was to identify and validate miRNAs and their target genes involved in inflammation in placental tissue. Methods: Microarrays were utilized to obtain miRNA and gene expression profiles from placentas with or without inflammation obtained from nine normal pregnant women and 10 preterm labor patients. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blots were performed to validate the miRNAs and differentially-expressed genes in the placentas with inflammation. Correlations between miRNA and target gene expression were confirmed by luciferase assays in HTR-8/SVneo cells. Results: We identified and validated miRNAs and their target genes that were differentially expressed in placentas with inflammation. We also demonstrated that several miRNAs (miR-371a-5p, miR-3065-3p, miR-519b-3p, and miR-373-3p) directly targeted their target genes (LEF1, LOX, ITGB4, and CD44). However, some miRNAs and their direct target genes showed no correlation in tissue samples. Interestingly, miR-373-3p and miR-3065-3p were markedly regulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, although the expression of their direct targets CD44 and LOX was not altered by LPS treatment. Conclusion: These results provide candidate miRNAs and their target genes that could be used as placental biomarkers of inflammation. These candidates may be useful for further miRNA-based biomarker development.

생체 조직의 국소 강도 측정을 위한 마이크로 콘 팁을 가진 압전 캔틸레버 제작 (Fabrication of Piezoelectric Cantilever with Microcone Tip for Sensing Local Stiffness of Biological Tissue)

  • 노희창;양다솜;류원형
    • 대한기계학회논문집B
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    • 제41권11호
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    • pp.743-748
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    • 2017
  • 체외 및 체내 삽입형 이미징 기술 등에 의해서는 판별이 어려운 질환의 조기 진단을 위해 인체 내 삽입이 가능하며 체내 국소부위의 정밀 측정이 가능한 새로운 진단기술이 필요하다. 동맥경화로 발전할 수 있는 죽상경화반의 경우 이미징 기술로는 판별이 어려우나 건강한 조직 대비 미세한 기계적 물성치의 차이를 가질 것으로 예상되어 정밀한 국소 조직의 기계적 강도 측정을 통한 조기 진단이 가능할 것으로 기대된다. 본 연구에서는 궁극적으로 체내 삽입이 가능하며 국소 조직의 강도 측정이 가능한 압전 재료 기반 캔틸레버 센서를 제작하고자 하였다. 압전 기능을 갖는 캔틸레버 제작을 위해 $BaTiO_3$ 나노입자 기반의 압전 고분자 복합재 최적화 연구 및 열 인장 공정으로 캔틸레버 끝 단에 마이크로 콘 구조의 팁을 제작하였다. 이 압전 캔틸레버 센서를 이용하여 기계적 물성치가 다른 생체 조직의 강도 측정을 통해 센서로서의 기능을 확인하였다.