• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.26 no.3_4
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• pp.661-672
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• 2008

In this paper an algorithm, based on extracting a certain target of an image, is proposed that is capable of performing bilevel thresholding of image with multimodal distribution. Each pixel in the image has a membership value which is used to denote the characteristic relationship between the pixel and its belonging region (i.e. the object or background). Using the membership values of image set, a new measurement, which simultaneously measures the measure of fuzziness and the conditional entropy of the image, is calculated. Then, thresholds are found by optimally minimizing calculated measurement. In addition, a fuzzy range is defined to improve the threshold values. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach can select the thresholds automatically and effectively extract the meaningful target from the input image. The resulting image can preserve the object region we target very well.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.98-104
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• 2006

Al-doped ZnO (AZO) films were deposited on the plastic substrate by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) assisted DC magnetron sputtering. The AZO films were produced by sputtering a metallic target (Zn/Al) in a mixture of argon and oxygen gases. AZO films with an electrical resistivity of ${\sim}10^3\;{\Omega}cm$ and an optical transmittance of 80% were obtained even at a low deposition temperature. In-situ process control methods were used to obtain stable deposition conditions in the transition region without any hysteresis effect. The target voltage was controlled either at a constant DC power. It was found that the ratio of the zinc to oxygen emission intensity, I (O 777)/I (Zn 481) decreased with increasing the target voltage in the transition region. The $Ar/O_2$ plasma treatment improve the adhesion strength between the polycarbonate substrate and AZO films.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.181-186
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• 2006

Geostationary Orbit satellite, unlike other sun-synchronous polar-orbit satellites, will be able to take a picture of a large region several times a day (almost with everyone hour interval). For geostationary satellite, the target region is fixed though the location of sun is changed always. However, Sun-synchronous polar-orbit satellites able to take a picture of target region same time a everyday. Thus Ocean signal is almost same. Accordingly, the ocean signal of a given target point is largely dependent on time. In other words, the ocean signal detected by geostationary satellite sensor must translate to the signal of target when both sun and satellite are located in nadir, using another correction model. This correction is performed with a standardization of signal throughout relative geometric relationship among satellite-sun-target points. This relative ratio called bidirectional factor. To find relationship between time and $[L_w]_N$/Bidirectional Factor differences, we are calculate solar position, geometry parameters. And reflectance, total radiance at the top of atmosphere(). And water leaving radiance, normalized water leaving radiance. And calculate bidirectional factor, that is the ratio of $[L_w]_N$ between target region and aiming the point. Then, we can make the bidirectional factor lookup table for one year imaging. So, we suggested for necessary to simulation experiment bidirectional factor in more various condition(wavelength and ocean/air condition).

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.5624-5638
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• 2016

A novel method based on Surf points is proposed to detect and lock-track single ground target in aerial videos. Videos captured by moving cameras contain complex motions, which bring difficulty in moving object detection. Our approach contains three parts: moving target template detection, search area estimation and target tracking. Global motion estimation and compensation are first made by grids-sampling Surf points selecting and matching. And then, the single ground target is detected by joint spatial-temporal information processing. The temporal process is made by calculating difference between compensated reference and current image and the spatial process is implementing morphological operations and adaptive binarization. The second part improves KALMAN filter with surf points scale information to predict target position and search area adaptively. Lastly, the local Surf points of target template are matched in this search region to realize target tracking. The long-term tracking is updated following target scaling, occlusion and large deformation. Experimental results show that the algorithm can correctly detect small moving target in dynamic scenes with complex motions. It is robust to vehicle dithering and target scale changing, rotation, especially partial occlusion or temporal complete occlusion. Comparing with traditional algorithms, our method enables real time operation, processing $520{\times}390$ frames at around 15fps.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.67-73
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• 2012

Local color transfer is the process of assigning a given color to a local region in a target image. The local region that contains the given color has to be segmented. Conventionally, the segmentation of the corresponding local region in a target image is based on the color distance. The region which is the closest in color distance is separated. However, since the close range of color distance separating a given color from target image is ambiguous and uncertain, color distortion is often generated around a separated local region. Therefore, this paper addresses the problem of segmentation in a local color transfer. To prevent color distortion, a modified color influence map is proposed with color categories. First, the target image is roughly segmented using a color category map, which groups similar colors in color space. It restricts the color transfer to a specific color category according to a given color. Second, modified color influence map assigning different weight to lightness and chroma, respectively, is used instead of Euclidian color distance. Then, by combining a modified color influence map and color category map filtered with anisotropic diffusion, a local region that contains a given color can be segmented more strictly than conventional method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10b
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• pp.301-303
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• 2004

microRNA(miRNA)는 -22 nucleotide(nt)의 단일가닥 (single-stranded) RNA 분자로서 mRNA의 3'-untranslated region (3' UTR)에 상보적으로 결합하여 유전자 발현을 제어하는 새로운 조절물질이다. 지금까지 실험을 통해 1184개의 miRNA가 알려져 있으나, miRNA에 의해 조절되는 target유전자는 실험상의 어려움으로 아직까지 거의 알려지지 않았다. miRNA는 서열의 길이가 짧고 target과 느슨한 상보적 결합을 하기 때문에 기존의 서열 비교 방법으로 miRNA의 target을 찾는 것은 쉬운 일이 아니다. 본 논문은 신경망을 이용하여 mRNA의 3' UTR에서 miRNA가 결합하는 영역을 예측하였다. 신경망은 비선형의 데이터를 학습할 수 있어 miRNA target예측에 적합하다. miRNA와 mRhA의 결합 영역을 다양하게 분석하였고 기존 예측방법에 의한 결과와 비교하여 성능을 평가하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• v.48 no.12
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• pp.643-644
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• 2015

In eukaryotes, small RNAs play important roles in both gene regulation and resistance to viral infection. Argonaute proteins have been identified as a key component of the effector complexes of various RNA-silencing pathways, but the mechanistic roles of Argonaute proteins in these pathways are not clearly understood. To address this question, we performed single-molecule fluorescence experiments using an RNA-induced silencing complex (core-RISC) composed of a small RNA and human Argonaute 2. We found that target binding of core-RISC starts at the seed region of the guide RNA. After target binding, four distinct reactions followed: target cleavage, transient binding, stable binding, and Argonaute unloading. Target cleavage required extensive sequence complementarity and accelerated core-RISC dissociation for recycling. In contrast, the stable binding of core-RISC to target RNAs required seed-match only, suggesting a potential explanation for the seed-match rule of microRNA (miRNA) target selection.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bioinformatics Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.150-157
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• 2004

microRNA (miRNA)는 21-25 nucleotide (nt)의 single-stranded RNA 분자로서 mRNA의 3' untranslated region (3' UTR)에 상보적으로 결합하여 유전자 발현을 제어하는 새로운 조절물질이다. 지금까지 실험을 통해 수백 개의 miRNA가 알려져 있으나, miRNA에 의해 조절되는 target 유전자는 실험상의 어려움으로 아직까지 거의 알려지지 않았다. miRNA는 서열의 길이가 짧고 target과 느슨한 상보적 결합을 하기 때문에 기존의 서열 비교 방법으로 miRNA의 target을 찾는 것은 쉬운 일이 아니다. 본 논문은 신경망을 이용하여 Caenorhabditis elegans mRNA의 3' UTR에서 miRNA가 결합하는 영역을 예측하였다. 신경망은 복잡한 비선형 데이터를 잘 분리해내고 불완전하고 잡음이 많은 입력에 강하기 때문에 miRNA target 예측에 적합하다. miRNA와 mRNA의 결합 영역을 다양하게 분석하였고 민감도 0.59, 특수도 0.99의 성능을 갖는 신경망을 구현하였다. 신경망 입력 값을 달리하여 각각의 특성이 결과에 미치는 영향을 분석하였고 기존 예측 방법에 의한 결과와 비교하여 성능을 평가하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1711-1725
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• 2014

Multi-target tracking is the main purpose of many video surveillance applications. Recently, multi-target tracking based on the particle filter method has achieved robust results by using the data association process. However, this method requires many calculations and it is inadequate for real time applications, because the number of associations exponentially increases with the number of measurements and targets. In this paper, to reduce the computational cost of the data association process, we propose a novel multi-target tracking method that excludes particle samples in the overlapped predictive region between the target to track and marginal targets. Moreover, to resolve the occlusion problem, we define an occlusion mode with the normal dynamic mode. When the targets are occluded, the mode is switched to the occlusion mode and the samples are propagated by Gaussian noise without the sampling process of the particle filter. Experimental results demonstrate the robustness of the proposed multi-target tracking method even in occlusion.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.561-568
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• 2010

Instrumentation radar in a test range has an important role to measure target's TSPI(time, space, position, information). It is well known that it tracks a target stably using a beacon mode. But it may fail to track a target in a certain region using a beacon mode. In this paper, we modeled a simple missile shape similar to ATCMS with two beacon antenna and analyzed an antenna radiation pattern using MLFMM(Multi Level Fast Multipole Method) method. Using the analyzed result of the radiation pattern of the antenna and the attitude data of target, we simulated beacon tracking performance of an instrumentation radar. As a result of simulation, we showed that an instrumentation radar may lose the target because it tracks a area of the beacon antenna pattern.