• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국표면공학회 2000년도 추계학술발표회 초록집
• /
• pp.12-12
• /
• 2000

This paper investigated the effect of the film deposition rate for $CrN_x$ microstructure and mechanical properties. For these purpose, pure Cr an stoichiometric CrN films were deposited with various target power density on Si hardened M2 tool steel. The variation of ni trogen concentration in $CrN_x$ f analyzed by AES and deposition rate was calculated by measuring of thickness using ${\alpha}-step$ profilometer. The microstructure was analyzed by X-Ray Diffract and Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), and mechanical properties were evalua residual stress, microhardness and adhesion tests. Deposition rate of Cr and CrN increased as an almost linear function of target power density from $0.25\mu\textrm{m}/min$ and $0.15\mu\textrm{m}/min$ to $0.43\mu\textrm{m}/min$. Residual stresses of Cr and CrN films were from tensi Ie to compressive stress with an increase of deposi tion rate a compressive stresses were increased as more augmentation of deposition r maximum hardness value of $2300kg/\textrm{mm}^2$ and the best adhesion strength correspond HF 1 were obtained for CrN film synthesized at the highest target densitY($13.2W/\textrm{mm}^2$) owing to high residual compressive stress and increasing mobility.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.199-203
• /
• 2019

속도 4km/s 이상인 초고속 제트의 관통 깊이는 제트와 표적의 밀도 비를 통해 기술된다. 반면에 동일한 밀도인 경우 표적들 사이의 강도 차이는 관통 깊이 차이에 영향을 주지 않는다. 본 연구는 초고속 제트의 "강도 무관성"에 관한 연구를 다룬다. 이를 위해 초고속 성형작약탄두 제트(SCJ)에 의해 발생된 크레이터 압력의 변화를 유한요소해석을 통해 계산하고, 철강소재의 polymorphic 상변이 발현 가능성을 조사하였다. 결과적으로 초고속 제트는 표적 크레이터에 polymorphic 상변이를 일으킬 수 있고, 이로 인한 표적의 파괴 인성 저하가 강도 무관성의 원인으로 예측된다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제56권5호
• /
• pp.1754-1761
• /
• 2024

In hadrontherapy, secondary fragments are generated by nuclear interactions of the incident heavy ion beam with the atomic nuclei of the target. It is important to determine the yield of production and the dose contribution of these secondary fragments in order to determine the radiobiological effectiveness more accurately. This work aims to fully identify the secondary fragments generated by nuclear interactions of proton and helium (⁴He) ion beams in a High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) target and to investigate the dose contributions by secondary fragments. Incident protons with energies of 55.90 MeV and 105.20 MeV and helium ions with energies of 52.55 MeV/u and 103.50 MeV/u in the HDPE phantom have been investigated by the means of Geant4 Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Simulated results were validated using NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) Bragg curves experimental data. The results showed that the dose contribution of secondary fragments deriving from helium ion beams is three times higher than in the case of proton beams. This is due to a higher production of nuclear fragments in the case of helium ion beams. This work contributes to a better understanding of secondary fragments generated by protons and helium ions in the HDPE target.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.1117-1123
• /
• 2014

물은 인류와 동식물의 필요조건으로, 물 부족 상태 즉 가뭄은 전 세계적으로 가장 두려워하는 재해 중 하나이다. 본 연구는 지역적인 특성을 고려하여 가뭄을 판단하고 대응하기 위해 목표재현기간을 설정하고 한반도 전역을 대상으로 시 군 구 단위의 지역별 목표 표준강수지수를 산정하였다. 먼저 한반도에 위치한 30년 이상의 자료기간을 보유한 88개 기상관측소의 강우자료에서 월별강우자료를 추출하고 SPI (3)가뭄지수를 산정하였다. 산정된 SPI (3)에서 연도별 최저치를 추출하여 매개변수적 빈도해석과 경계핵밀도 함수를 이용한 비매개변수적 빈도해석을 실시하였다. 또한, 목표재현기간을 30년으로 설정하고 비매개변수적 빈도해석 결과에 티센비 적용하여 시 군 구 단위로 목표 표준강수지수를 산정하였다. 분석결과 가뭄의 심도와 빈도가 지역별로 크게 다르게 나타남을 확인 할 수 있었으며, 이는 한반도 가뭄의 판단과 대응을 위한 기초자료로 국가적인 수자원계획과 방재대책에 기여하고자 한다.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.181-186
• /
• 2008

In this study, tantalum (Ta) compacts were fabricated in a spark plasma sintering (SPS) process and their microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. Ta compacts with a density of 99% were successfully fabricated by controlling the sintering conditions of the current and the temperature. The density and hardness were increased as the sintering temperature increased. The $Ta_2C$ compound was observed at the surface of the compacts due to the contact between the Ta powder and graphite mold during the sintering process. The main fracture mode showed a mixed type with intergranular and transgranular modes having some roughness.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2007

We suggest a multi-path propagation analysis method using DTM(Digital Terrain Map). Generally, the total signal strength at a target is calculated by adding the field propagated in free space and the field reflected from the ground surface. In this paper, we also consider the vertical reflections associated with the vertical surfaces such as precipitous cliffs and electricity pylons in the mountain area. In addition, we primarily take account the main slope of the ground surface to improve the accuracy of the total field density at the target.

• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.313-318
• /
• 2005

Usually marine traffic survey has been conducted by some methods like an ocular observation using portable RADAR, a questionnaire, etc. But these should have expended a lot of manpower and expenses. In this paper, we have developed new observation module which could capture the RADAR image using PC camera simply, and allowed as to track targets on the PC monitor directly. And it has been programmed to make a database of RADAR image, target's track and information, and analyze the marine traffic tendency in various ways like vessel number crossed over gate line, vessel's velocity distribution in gate line, traffic density distribution, etc. We have confirmed that this module could observe and analyze the marine traffic efficiently and economically through several on-the-spot experiments.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국의학물리학회 2002년도 Proceedings
• /
• pp.94-96
• /
• 2002

In order to achieve the radiotherapy more precisely using highly energetic heavy charged particles, it is important to know the distribution of the electron density in a human body, which is highly related to the range of charged particles. We can directly obtain the 2-D distribution of the electron density in a sample from a heavy ion CT image. For this purpose, we have developed a heavy ion CT system using a broad beam. The performance, especially the position resolution, of this system is estimated in this work. All experiments were carried out using the heavy ion beam from the HIMAC. We have obtained the projection data of polyethylene samples with various sizes using He 150 MeV/u, C 290 MeV/u and Ne 400 MeV/u beams. The used targets are the cylinders of 40, 60 and 80 mm in diameter, each of them has a hole of 10 mm in diameter at the center of it. The dependence of the spatial resolution on the target size and the kinds of beams will be discussed.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제15권8호
• /
• pp.737-744
• /
• 2006

Present study was designed to characterize the concentrations of major roadside air pollutants in Daegu and to compare with those of Seoul and Busan. Evaluated were the exceedance frequence of mean concentrations of target compounds(CO, NO$_2$, O$_3$, PM$_{10}$, SO$_2$) and the relationship for time variation. Two air pollution monitoring stations(one roadside station and one residential station) in Daegu were selected for this study. In addition, one roadside monitoring station from each of Seoul and Busan was chosen for the comparison of Daegu monitoring stations. The data analyzed in the current study were collected from 1998 to 2000 by Daegu Regional Environmental Management Office. The roadside concentrations of NO2 and PM to and the exceedance frequency of ambient air standard levels in Daegu were higher than those of Seoul and Busan. Except 03, the roadside concentrations of all target compounds showed following three distinguished patterns; first, possibly due to increased traffic density, the concentrations increased from 0500 to 0900(LST), second, the concentrations decreased from 0900 to 1700(LST) possibly due to the increased wind velocity and decreased traffic density, and finally, increased traffic density, the concentrations increased again from 1700 to 2100(LST). An implication was that major air pollution sources shifted from residential area to road-area during rush hours.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.105-117
• /
• 1999

The various spectral density functions of wind are applied in the wind process simulation by the spectral representation method. In view of the spectral density functions, the characteristics of the simulated processes are compared. The ensemble spectral density functions constructed from the simulated sample processes are revealed to have the similarity not only in global shape but also in the maximum values with the target spectral density functions with a high accuracy. For the correlation structure to be satisfied in the circumferential direction on the cooling tower shell, a new formula is suggested based on the mathematical expression representing the circumferential distribution of the wind pressure on the cooling tower shell. The simulated wind processes are applied in the dynamic analysis of cooling tower shell in the time domain and the fluctuating stochastic behavior of the cooling tower shell is investigated.