• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.543-552
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• 2012

Namgang mid-watershed is located in downstream of Nakdong river basin. There are many pollution sources arround this area and it's control is important to manage a water quality of Nakdong river. A target year of Namgang mid-watershed water environment management plan is 2013. To predict a water quality at downstream of Namgang, we have investigated and forecasted the pollutant source and it's loading. There are some plan to construction the sewage treatment plants to improve the water quality of Nam river. Those are considered on predicting water quality. As results, it is shown that the population is 343,326 and sewerage supply rate is 79.2% and the livestock is 1,662,000 in Namgang mid-watershed. It is estimated that the population is 333,980, the sewerage supply rate is 86.9% in 2013. The milk cow and cattle were estimated upward and the pigs were downward by 2013. The generated loading of BOD and TP is 75,957 kg/day and 4,311 kg/day, discharged loading is 18,481 kg/day and 988 kg/day respectively in 2006. It were predicted upward the discharged loading of BOD and TP by 4.08% and 6.3% respectively. The results of water quality prediction of Namgang4 site were 2.5 mg/L of BOD and 0.120 mg/L of TP in 2013. It is over the target water quality at that site in 2015 about 25.0% and 9.1% respectively. Consequently, there need another counterplan to reduce the pollutants in that mid-watershed.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.106-125
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• 1995

Recently, in accordance with elevation of life style and economics, the public demand became increasingly concerned about drinking water quality. Without an adequate supply of safe water, healthy and comfortable life could not exist. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide the guidelines and the basic informations to enable supply of clean, tasty and healthy drinking water acceptable for various demands. We analyzed the quality of tap water, mineral water, purified tap water using home tap water purifier. And we researched on the sense of the public complaint over the tap water. We proposed several items relating to the comfortableness of water quality and the target value. Also we presented a case of water supply system for purity and the points at problem The items and target value are as follows 1. turbidity : not more than 1 degree 2. dry residue : $30~200{\;}mg/{\ell}$ 3. hardness : $10~100mg/{\ell}$ 4. free carbon dioxide : not more than $20mg/{\ell}$ 5. $KMnO_{4}$ consumption not more than $3mg/{\ell}$ 6. odor threshold not abnormal 7. residual chlorine : not more than $0.4mg/{\ell}$ 8. water temperature' not more than $20^{\circ}C$ 9. manganese : not more than $0.01mg/{\ell}$ 10. iron : not more than $0.02mg/{\ell}$ 11. aluminum : not more than $0.1mg/{\ell}$

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.9
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• pp.614-623
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• 2014

Customers water quality complaints by foreign substance in local water service can be able to call the main cause bring the distrust for tap water and inhibiting the rate of drinking water. In this study, foreign substances were collected in the target region. Foreign objects were subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis of compounds and elements components to reveal the cause of detection. Also, resolve the complaints by foreign substance and improve the reliability for tap water providing high quality water supply scheme. Collected substances at the water quality complaint area were included in inorganic compounds due to internal corrosion and aging pipeline, as well as organic compounds containing a large amount of carbon (C) and oxygen (O) component. To decide and reduce for foreign substance, objective assessment of pipe condition in target area was required.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.521-534
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• 2020

In this study, the variation of water quality was analyzed for six sites in major tributaries of the Nakdong River Basin. Standard-FDC (Flow Duration Curve) was developed using PM (Percentile Method), one of the statistical FDC estimation methods. The LDC (Load Duration Curve) was obtained using the developed FDC. The current method and the LDC evaluation method were compared and analyzed to evaluate the achievement of TWQ (Target Water Quality). Regarding the monthly flow rate variation, the five sites showed the distribution of the lowest flow rate between May and June, indicating a high probability of dry weathering of the streams. The variation of water quality confirmed the vulnerable timing of flow rate in each site, and it is therefore deemed necessary to plan to reduce T-P and TOC. A comparison and evaluation of TWQ showed that there was a difference between the TWQ values achieved by the two techniques. In addition, the margin ratio to the 50% excess ratio can be found in the LDC evaluation. The results of the LDC evaluation by section and by month showed whether or not the water quality was exceeded by flow conditions, along with the vulnerable sections and timing. Accordingly, it is judged that this method can be used for water quality management in TMDLs (Total Maximum Daily Loads).

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.569-575
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• 2015

The current Total Pollution Load Control (TPLC) sets the Target Water Quality (TWQ) by utilizing the delivery ratio, unit loads, and water quality modeling, it also allocates the watershed's permitted discharge load. Currently, common target pollutants of every unit watershed in TPLC are BOD and T-P. This study has reviewed the 1th and 2th of TWQ setting process for the Nakdong River 3th TWQ setting in Total Pollution Load Control (TPLC). As a result of review, 1th and 2th were divided into one management basin (mulgeum) for setting management goals. However, 3th was divided into six management basins (mulgeum, gnagjeong, geumho river, nam river, miryang river, end of nakdong river). The principle of management goal setting were to achieve the objective criteria of Medium Areas for the linkage of the water environment management policy. And Anti-Degredation (principle of preventing deterioration) were applied to the 3th TWQ. Also, additional indicators were considered in accordance with the reduction scenarios for the final management goals.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.429-438
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• 2013

This study was to develop effective water quality management measures using LDC (Load Duration Curve) curves for TMDL (Total Maximum Daily Loads) unit watershed. Using LDC curves, major factors for BOD and T-P concentration loads generation (i.e. point source or non-point source) in the case study area (Geumho river basin) were found for different hydrologic conditions. Different measures to deal with the pollutant loads were suggested to establish BMPs (Best Management Practices). It was found that the target area has urgent T-P management methods especially at moist and midrange hydrologic conditions because of point source pollutants occurred in developed areas. One example measure for this could be establishment of advanced treatment facility. This study proved that the use of LDC was a useful way to achieve TWQ (Target Water Quality) on the target watershed considered. It was also expected that the methodology applied in this study could have a wider application on the establishment of watershed water management measures.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.426-435
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• 2012

The variation of stream flow is the one of the most important factors which influence on that of water quality in the unit watershed. The target water quality goal is established and permissible load is allotted in the base of the standard flow condition along with its water quality for the management of Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs). A standard flow selected could cause problems in the load allotment if it was not properly arranged. This study reviewed the acquisition of water quality data, the self-variation and the retainability in water quality on the specific flow conditions. This study also proposed the median and the adjusted average flow condition out of general flow conditions as alternative standard flow conditions. It is considered that the alternatives can make the water quality data easily acquired and the water quality representativeness more enhanced on the standard flow conditions.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.121-127
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• 2015

The objective of this study is to suggest the water quality criteria of total nitrogen in order to efficiently manage the nutrient pollution in the stream. For this, correlations between water quality parameters were examined using the water quality data collected from the water quality monitoring network in the four rivers between 2003 and 2012. T-N showed positive correlations with T-P (0.636), COD (0.577), BOD (0.574), TOC (0.440), and SS (0.367). The statistical analysis including percentile analysis for the T-N and T-P concentrations was utilized to develop the water quality criteria of T-N. The feasibility of the suggested water quality criteria was evaluated by calculating the achievement rate to water quality target at the representative points in mid-watershed, then the draft water quality standard of T-N was suggested. The suggested water quality standard of T-N in the stream may be used to efficiently control the nutrient pollution in the public water body.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.977-981
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• 2006

In order to improve water quality in drinking water sources, Ministry of Environment (MOE) was implemented total water pollution load management (TWPLM) in all the major river basins. From the experience of the application of TWPLM, we could find some problems relating the target watershed, standard operating procedure (SOP) of establishment and implementation plan, water quality and flow rate, design flow, water quality model, margin of safety (MOS), and estimation of wasteload were found. The authors were reviewed ongoing TWPLM and presented the improvement schemes for a successful TWPLM. For the application of these suggestions, further detailed studies should be done to implement TWPLM in the future.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.117-127
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of water quality data of Nakdonggang watershed which is second largest watershed in South Korea. The correlation between the water quality items for rainy and non-rainy seasons were also analyzed for two TMDL sites which are Gumi and Namji. BOD data of two Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) target sites were compared with TMDL criteria, 3-year arithmetic mean BOD concentration of the target sites should not exceed the target concentration for 2 consecutive years, to figure out current water quality status. Spatial analysis results showed that the correlation coefficient between Goryeong and Hyunpung was highest with the value of 0.978 followed by Hapcheon and Namji with the value of 0.874. The observed BOD data of Gumi station fluctuated around the TMDL criterion, 1.8mg/L while Namji station mostly exceed the criterion, 2.6mg/L. The criteria values for each target sites are defined by Ministry of Environment. The major factor of correlation coefficient was the distance between the stations. The correlation between the water quality items for non-rainy season showed no relation while the correlation between COD and SS was high followed by COD and TP for Gumi and Namji.