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사물탕가향부자가 항우울행동 및 면역기능에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Samul-tanggahyangbuja on Anti-Depressive Behavior and Immunity)

  • 장윤정;김송백;최창민;서윤정;조한백
    • 대한한방부인과학회지
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.14-29
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    • 2013
  • 목 적: 본 연구는 갱년기 우울증 모델에서 사물탕가향부자(SGH)의 항우울 효능 및 면역반응에 대한 실험적 유의성을 확인함으로써 임상적인 응용에 기초자료로 사용하기 위하여 시행되었다. SGH가 반복적인 스트레스를 가한 난소적출 흰쥐에서 항우울행동 효과와 estradiol level 및 anti-inflammatory cytokine인 IL-4에 미치는 영향을 연구하고자 하였다. 방 법: 난소적출 흰쥐에 2주간 반복적인 스트레스를 주고 동시에 SGH(200 and 400 mg/kg/day)를 경구 투여한 후 행동검사인 Elevated Plus Maze(EPM)를 통한 우울행동과 혈청 estradiol, IL-4의 변화를 측정하였고, 또한 뇌 내 Locus coeruleus(LC)와 Paraventricular Nucleus(PVN)에서 IL-4의 변화를 측정하였다. 결 과: 1. EPM에서 SGH 400 mg 투여군은 대조군에 비해서 open arms에 머무는 시간이 현저히 증가하였고, closed arms에 머무는 시간이 현저히 감소하였다. 2. EPM에서 SGH 투여군은 대조군에 비해서 open arms와 closed arms를 교차하는 횟수가 증가하였으나, 통계적인 유의성은 없었다. 3. Estradiol 측정에서 SGH를 투여한 후 estradiol 수준이 현저하게 증가하였다. 4. IL-4 측정에서 SGH를 투여한 후 혈청 IL-4 수준이 현저하게 증가하였다. 5. 뇌에서의 IL-4 면역반응은 대조군에서 감소하였으나, SGH를 투여한 후 LC와 PVN에서 IL-4 수준의 유의성 있는 변화는 나타나지 않았다. 결 론: 이상의 결과로 사물탕가향부자는 난소적출 흰쥐의 항우울행동과 면역조절에 유효함을 알 수 있었다.

상주지역의 불천위제사 제수문화에 관한 연구 (Study on Sacrifice Food of Bulchunwi Sacrificial Ceremony in Sangju Area)

  • 김귀영;김보람;박모라
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제25권5호
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    • pp.739-751
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    • 2015
  • 최근 6차 산업이 부각되면서 종가문화에 대한 연구가 진행되고, 종가의 권위를 상징하는 불천위제례에 대한 연구가 보고되고 있다. 불천위를 모시는 종가는 안동지역을 중심으로 봉화, 영주, 예천, 상주, 영덕, 영양 등 주로 경북 북부지역에 집중되어 있는데, 경상북도 상주에서도 불천위를 모시는 종가가 14위나 되어 이들 종가를 대상으로 불천위 진설도와 제수 실태를 현장 조사하였다. 조사기간은 2014년에서 2015년 동안 진행되었고, 소재 노수신, 월간 이석, 우복 정경세, 조당 이목수의 불천위 제례를 조사하였다. 조사내용은 불천위 제수의 진설과 제수 품목, 조리법에 국한하였고, 심층인터뷰와 더불어 문헌을 비교 검토하였다. 1. 진설의 열은 월간이 4열이고, 다른 종가에서는 5열로 진설하였다. 열에 따른 진설 품목은 5열이 실과류, 4열이 나물류, 3열이 탕류, 2열이 적, 편류 1열이 메, 갱, 면으로 구성되었다, 진설품목은 메, 갱, 면, 장, 포, 침재, 대추, 밤, 배, 감, 사과, 호두, 고사리, 도라지, 조기, 편, 쌈은 공통적이나, 적, 탕, 전, 나물류는 종가별로 차이가 있었다. 특히 탕은 우복종가가 7탕으로 가장 많고, 소재와 입재종가는 5탕, 월간은 3탕을 진설하였다. 2. 적은 월간종가가 계적, 어적, 육적을 쌓아 올려 하나의 제기에 담아 도적으로 진설하였고, 우복종가는 계적, 어적, 육적을 각각의 제기에 담아 진설하였다. 그리고 소재종가와 입재종가는 계적을 별도로 진설하고, 육적과 어적은 하나의 틀에 담아 도적으로 진설하였고, 어적을 별도로 진설하여 이중으로 진설하였다. 포는 대구포가 주로 사용되었는데, 진설의 위치가 월간종가에서는 우포(右脯)로 진설되고, 다른 종가에서는 좌포(左脯)로 진설하였다. 3. 제수품으로 생고기 사용 여부는 우복종가에서 생고등어, 입재종가에서 생조기, 소재종가에서 육회를 사용하는 정도였다. 즉, 돼지고기, 소고기, 닭고기, 조기와 같은 육어고기는 대부분 익혀 사용하였다. 그 외 대부분 제수는 무침이나 데치는 조리법을 많이 사용하였다. 갱은 미역국이 2종가, 탕국이 2종가였는데, 탕국은 탕의 식재를 삶고 남은 육수를 활용한 것이다. 특히 월간종가는 미역탕국을 갱으로 사용하였다. 4. 제수품목 중 종가에서 주문하는 음식은 유과, 약과, 본편(시루떡, 찰떡, 증편, 경단), 술이고 나머지 대부분의 제수는 당일 종가에서 준비하는 것으로 조사되었다. 불천위 제례의 음식문화는 의례적 요소가 강하다. 이러한 식문화는 종가의 권위를 상징하고, 대외적으로 표명하고자 했던 조선중기에 비교적 정착되었다. 하지만 조선후기 일제 강점기와 전쟁, 산업화 등 역사적 격동기를 함께 하면서 종가의 불천위 제례 문화가 많은 변화를 거듭하였다. 문화는 그 자체만으로 한 시대를 파악하는데 의미가 있다. 종가의 통과의례 중 핵심적 문화행위인 제례, 그 중에서도 종가의 존재와 정체성에 직결되는 불천위 제례에 대한 현장조사와 그에 대한 고증연구는 우리 문화의 정체성을 이해하는데 의미가 있다고 할 것이다.

Clinical Study of Thalidomide Combined with Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Elderly Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

  • Chen, Hai-Fei;Li, Zheng-Yang;Tang, Jie-Qing;Shen, Hong-Shi;Cui, Qing-Ya;Ren, Yong-Ya;Qin, Long-Mei;Jin, Ling-Juan;Zhu, Jing-Jing;Wang, Jing;Ding, Jie;Wang, Ke-Yuan;Yu, Zi-Qiang;Wang, Zhao-Yue;Wu, Tian-Qin
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제13권9호
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    • pp.4777-4781
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    • 2012
  • Objective: To investigate the relationship between the efficacy and safety of different doses of thalidomide (Thal) plus dexamethasone (Dex) as the initial therapy in elderly patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: Clinical data of 28 elderly patients with newly diagnosed MM who underwent the TD regimen as the initial therapy were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to the maximal sustained dose of Thal: lower dose (group A) and higher dose (group B). The overall response rate (ORR), progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AES) were compared between the two groups. Results: A total of 28 patients were followed up with a median of 18 months. The ORR was 60.1%. The median response time and PFS were 2.0 and 17.0 months, respectively. The mean sustained dose of Thal in group B was significantly higher than group A (292.9 mg v 180.4 mg, P=0.01). There was no significantly difference in ORR (57.1% v 64.3%, P=1.00) and PFS (9.63months v 17.66 months, P=0.73) between groups A and B. During the follow up, only five patients died (<40%) and, therefore, median OS values were not available. It is estimated, however, that the mean survival time in the two groups was 35.6 and 33.4 months (P>0.05), respectively. All of the patients tolerated the treatment well. The incidence of AES in patients with a grading above 3 in group B was significantly higher than in group A (P=0.033). Conclusions: The TD regimen results in a high response rate and manageable AES as the initial therapy in elderly patients with MM. TD should be considered as the front line regimen for the treatment of elderly patients with MM in areas with financial constraints. The clinical response can be achieved at a low dose Thal with minimal toxicity.

8q24 rs4242382 Polymorphism is a Risk Factor for Prostate Cancer among Multi-Ethnic Populations: Evidence from Clinical Detection in China and a Meta-analysis

  • Zhao, Cheng-Xiao;Liu, Ming;Xu, Yong;Yang, Kuo;Wei, Dong;Shi, Xiao-Hong;Yang, Fan;Zhang, Yao-Guang;Wang, Xin;Liang, Si-Ying;Zhao, Fan;Zhang, Yu-Rong;Wang, Na-Na;Chen, Xin;Sun, Liang;Zhu, Xiao-Quan;Yuan, Hui-Ping;Zhu, Ling;Yang, Yi-Ge;Tang, Lei;Jiao, Hai-Yan;Huo, Zheng-Hao;Wang, Jian-Ye;Yang, Ze
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제15권19호
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    • pp.8311-8317
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    • 2014
  • Background: Evidence supporting an association between the 8q24 rs4242382-A polymorphism and prostate cancer (PCa) risk has been reported in North American and Europe populations, though data from Asian populations remain limited. We therefore investigated this association by clinical detection in China, and meta-analysis in Asian, Caucasian and African-American populations. Materials and Methods: Blood samples and clinical information were collected from ethnically Chinese men from Northern China with histologically-confirmed PCa (n=335) and from age-matched normal controls (n=347). The 8q24 (rs4242382) gene polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-high-resolution melting analysis. We initially analyzed the associations between the risk allele and PCa and clinical covariates. A meta-analysis was then performed using genotyping data from a total of 1,793 PCa cases and 1,864 controls from our study and previously published studies in American and European populations, to determine the association between PCa and risk genotype. Results: The incidence of the risk allele was higher in PCa cases than controls (0.222 vs 0.140, $P=7.3{\times}10^{-5}$), suggesting that the 8q24 rs4242382-A polymorphism was associated with PCa risk in Chinese men. The genotypes in subjects were in accordance with a dominant genetic model (ORadj=2.03, 95%CI: 1.42-2.91, $Padj=1.1{\times}10^{-4}$). Presence of the risk allele rs4242382-A at 8q24 was also associated with clinical covariates including age at diagnosis ${\geq}65$ years, prostate specific antigen >10 ng/ml, Gleason score <8, tumor stage and aggressive PCa, compared with the non-risk genotype ($P=4.6{\times}10^{-5}-3.0{\times}10^{-2}$). Meta-analysis confirmed the association between 8q24 rs4242382-A polymorphism and PCa risk (OR=1.62, 95%CI: 1.39-1.88, $P=1.0{\times}10^{-5}$) across Asian, Caucasian and African American populations. Conclusions: The replicated data suggest that the 8q24 rs4242382-A variation might be associated with increased PCa susceptibility in Asian, Caucasian and African American populations. These results imply that this polymorphism may be a useful risk biomarker for PCa in multi-ethnic populations.

십전대보탕가미방(十全大補湯加味方)의 창상(創傷) 치유(治癒) 효과(效果) (The Effects of Sibjeondaebotanggamibang on the Treating of Wound)

  • 정훈;이현재;김빛나라;이치호;이은정;허동석;오민석
    • 한방재활의학과학회지
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.51-69
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    • 2014
  • Objectives This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Sibjeondaebotanggamibang (SJT) on the wound-induced rats. Methods It was observed the effects of anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation by using of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. For the observing on SJT anti-oxidation, it needed to mesure the total amount of polyphenol, DPPH scavenging ability, ABTS scavenging ability and the value of ROS production. In order to observe on the anti-inflammation of SJT, it was mesured the value of No and Cytokine (TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6). It needed to make a scar (around $2{\times}2cm^2$) on the top of the fascia in the back of the rats and then the rats were divided into 4 groups (n=6). Control group was not treated at all, whereas SJ group was orally medicated SJT, Terra group was per-cutaneously applied Terramycin, and SJ+Terra group was both orally medicated SJT and percutaneously applied Terramycin per day for three weeks. The size of wound was measured with Digimatic Caliper and the blood samples (WBC, neutrophil, monocyte, lymphocyte) were analyzed using Minos-ST, which were collected by cardiac puncture. The effect on inflammatory cytokine (TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6), immunological cells in synovial fluid was measured. To measure the wound factor expressed by wounded skin sample, we extracted RNA and to investigate MMP-1,2,9 we used RT-PCR. For performing histopathological examinations, we paralyzed the rats by ether, and extracted wounded skin tissues, which were measured by H & E, and monitored on the optical microscope. Results 1. DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity of SJT was increased concentration-dependantly, and ROS scavenging activity was significantly increased (10, $100{\mu}g/ml$). 2. NO production was significantly reduced in SJT treated cells ($100{\mu}g/ml$), both TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6 in SJT treated cells (1, 10, $100{\mu}g/ml$), and IL-$1{\beta}$ in SJT treated cells (1, $100{\mu}g/ml$). 1. The size of wound was significantly decreasing in SJ group, Terra group, SJ+Terra group. 2. WBC was significantly reduced in SJ and SJ+Terra group, monocyte in SJ+Terra group. Neutrophil was also reduced in SJ, SJ+Terra group but meaningless. 3. TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6 were significantly reduced in SJ group, Terra group, SJ+Terra group, and IL-$1{\beta}$ in SJ+Terra group. 4. mRNA expression in MMP-1 was significantly reduced in SJ group. 5. Collegan production and chronic inflammation were significantly decreased in SJ group, Terra group, SJ+Terra groups. Re-epithelization on the skin in Terra group, SJ+Terra groups was decreased. Conclusions According to this in vitro experiment, Sibjeondaebotanggamibang (SJT) has the effects of anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory. By in vivo experiment, SJT has the effects of anti-inflammatory. Moreover, the progress of recovery was found visually, heamatologically, genetically and histopathologically. In conclusion, it could be thought that SJT has effect on the treating of wound.

동북(東北)아시아 유의 기원(起源)과 그 교류(交流)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) -$4{\sim}8$세기(世紀)를 중심(中心)으로- (A study on the origination and Transmission of Yu in Northeast Asia. -from the 4th Century to the 8th Century-)

  • 박경자;조선희
    • 복식
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    • 제17권
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    • pp.29-43
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    • 1991
  • Yu was a type of dress worn on the upper part of the body which was commonly used in Northeast Asia. It was originally used by the Northern race for the need of courtesy as well as protecting cold. It was believed that Yu in Northeast Asia, which was called Kaftan, was came from Scythai lived in North Eurasian land around the Black sea. Scythians were the first-formed horse-riding race in the world and their civilization influenced those of far Asiatic sector along the steppe route. As their power expanded, their costume culture transmitted to the East(China, Korea, Japan). The upper garment, Yu, was characterized by the left-sided collars, narrow sleeves belted at the waist to the length of the hip line and the tight trouser on the lower part, which we commonly called HoBok(胡服) style. 1. Yu in Northeast Asia was originated from the Eurasians, Scythian Culture. Being exchanged, active style costumes were widely used among Chinese, Koreans and Japanese throughout centuries' including $4{\sim}8$ century. 2. Chinese Yu had a style of wide-sleeves and right-sided collars. The traditional costumes of Han race are consisted of wide-sleeved Yu on the upper and long-skirt on the lower part of the body. Before the adoptation of HoBok during reign of King Jo Mooryung in 307. B.C., HoBok style had already found in the remains since the Sang period. There were various names among Yu during the Han period. Seup, Sean Eui, Kye, Kyu were one of the styles and several names were meant for collar and sleeves. During $4{\sim}8$ centuries, clothes of right-sided collar were found, superior to that of left-sided and narrow sleeves were widely used both the royal and the humble. Various styles of decoration were seen in Yu around neck, back and sleeves comparing other nations. 3. Yu, in Korea, was typical style of Northern-bound HoBok. Both men and women had similarity in Yu style, narrow sleeves, left-sided collar, belted at the waist and to the length of hip line. Influenced by Han race, in the $4th{\sim}8th$ centuries, dual system of collar was found. But we cannot see major change in Yu and finally was connected to the present. 4. The original design of the Japanese costumes was not similar to that of Northern nomadic hunting race, which was suitable for horse-riding activities. Owing to the climates along the island, we could see various conditions ranging from the cold and to the warm. Influenced by the climates, pulling over the neck(Pancho style) were major design in Japan. As Korea was advanced earlier than Japan, Korean landed Japanese territory showing clothes. So primitive costumes had changes in style. During the $4th{\sim}8th$ period. The Korean mode was found in Haniwa (which was built to make sacrifices to the dead King) and costumes in Jeong Chang Won. Among the costumes in Jeong Chang Won, we put 3 or more costumes to the category of Yu characterizing elements of Korea and Tang period. From the $4th{\sim}8th$ century, China, Korea, Japan fell into the same cultural category, Scythai. Styles in Yu among three nations, we saw little differences, basically along times. Originated from the West Asia, Yu was transmitted to the far East changing Chinese costumes, Koreans melted it into the traditional elements and then influenced Japan.

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부산.경북지역 초.중학교 급식메뉴의 나트륨 함량 및 학생들의 나트륨 섭취 실태 조사 (Survey on Sodium Contents in Meals of School Foodservice and Sodium Intakes of Students in Busan and Gyeongsangbuk-do)

  • 이휘재;이창희;이광수;정영지;하숙희;정유영;김동술
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제39권1호
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    • pp.85-91
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    • 2010
  • 본 연구에서는 부산 경북 지역 초 중학교 단체급식에 함유된 나트륨 함량 및 초 중학생들의 나트륨 섭취량 실태를 조사하여, 단체급식 중 나트륨 함량 및 섭취량 데이터를 확보하고자 하였으며 나트륨 섭취 저감화 사업 등의 과학적 기초자료 마련에 기여하고자 하였다. 식품군별 나트륨 함량은 소스류(1459 mg/100 g)와 절임류(1165 mg/100 g)가 높게 나타났고, 이어서 구이류(894 mg/100 g), 조림류(786 mg/100 g), 김치류(737 mg/100 g), 볶음류(624 mg/100 g), 무침 나물류(444 mg/100 g), 튀김류(434 mg/100 g) 순으로 높게 나타났다. 초등학생들의 식품 섭취량은 주식인 면류(223 g/인), 일품식류(186 g/인), 밥류(122 g/인), 죽류(116 g/인)가 높게 나타났고, 이어서 유제품(106 g/인), 탕 전골류(77 g/인), 국류(70 g/인), 찌개류(56 g/인), 과일류(44 g/인) 순으로 높게 나타났다. 초등학생들의 나트륨 섭취량은 주식인 면류(665 mg/인), 일품식류(558 mg/인), 죽류(329 mg/인)가 높게 나타났고, 이어서 탕 전골류(227 mg/인), 소스류(219 mg/인), 국류(200 mg/인), 구이류(194 mg/인), 찌개류(178 mg/인), 튀김류(159 mg/인)가 높게 나타났다. 중학생들의 식품 섭취량은 주식인 일품식류(325 g/인), 면류(323 g/인), 밥류(180 g/인), 죽류(156 g/인)가 높게 나타났고, 이어서 탕 전골류(131 g/인), 음료(123 g/인), 찌개류(98 g/인), 국류(90 g/인), 유제품(76 g/인) 순으로 높게 나타났다. 중학생들의 나트륨 섭취량은 주식인 일품식류(1039 mg/인), 면류(819 mg/인), 죽류(530 mg/인)가 높게 나타났고, 이어서 탕 전골류(374 mg/인), 튀김류(330 mg/인), 찜류(323 mg/인), 국류(316 mg/인), 볶음류(295 mg/인) 순으로 높게 나타났다. 한 끼당 나트륨 섭취량은 초등학생의 경우 1인당 605 mg(저학년 남자), 572 mg(저학년 여자), 774 mg(고학년 남자), 730 mg(고학년 여자)이며, 중학생의 경우 1인당 1423 mg(남자), 1063 mg(여자)로 나타났다. 이상으로 보아 고학년으로 올라갈수록 학교급식 한끼를 통해 섭취하는 나트륨의 양이 한국인(9세 이상) 나트륨 상한섭취량인 2000 mg/day에 가까워지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 학생들의 위해가능 영양성분인 나트륨의 섭취량 저감화를 위해서는 학교급식에 대한 나트륨 섭취 권고안을 만들고, 저감화 방안을 제시하며, 이를 식단에 반영할 수 있는 지침을 개발하는 것이 시급함을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구결과를 통해 나트륨 섭취 저감화 등 어린이 보건 향상을 위한 식품안전정책의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있기를 기대한다.

한국(韓國).몽고복식(蒙古服飾)의 상관성(相關性) 연구(硏究)(II) - 고려시대(高麗時代)의 몽고침략기(蒙古侵略期)를 중심(中心)으로 - (A Study On Interrelationship Between Korean And Mongolian Costume Laying Emphasis On The Age Of Mongolia's Invasion Upon Corea)

  • 손경자
    • 복식
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    • 제16권
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    • pp.15-42
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    • 1991
  • A nation's culture isn't consisted by the characteristics of the nation only, but it is greatly affected by the geographical features and natural conditions, and it could be also dominated by the continual effect through mutual contact on economic exchange or social problem and political interests with neighboring countries. It is a well known fact that the contact of culture between Korea and Mongolia established under the special political situation that Corea was invaded by Won. But more basically, the Nomad including Mongolia had influenced upon neighboring countries, therefore, our country was also greatly influenced on consisting of our own culture by them. Moreover. the fact that our language belongs to their language's category(mostly Tweigru and Mongolian language) proves that the origin of our culture was deeply related with Mongolia. Accordingly, we could not limit the cultural relation between Korea and Mongolia within a special era. But especially, since unification of China by Mongolia, Won which appeared as a new great nation had dominated Corea for one hundred years, and the Corea's costume culture had a point of conversion to the mongolian. Therefore, this study expects to comment upon the relations of costume between Corea and Mongolia from a view point of Corea's tribute and royal gifts gifts by Mongolia written on the reference literatures. 1) From the ancient times, between our country and Mongolia there has been a direct or indirect exchange caused by the people's movement or invasion due to very closed neighboring. The relations between Corea and Mongolia have started from the mongolia's requests of tribute for the reason why they helped Corea against the Keoran's invasion, and these relation had continued by King Kongmin's age. 2) Mongolia had plundered a tribute such as dress, cereals, horses, military supplies, soldiers, maiden and little girls etc. from Corea, and therefore, a great confusion occurred on political, economic and social fields. And since King Chungyoul of Corea got married with a Princess of Won, the Corea's position was placed as the Buma nation(nation of son in law) and then high class people of Corea preferred to follow the mongolian costume such as Byunbal (pigtail), Ho dress (mongolian dress), Rouges, Chockturi (a kind of formal cap) and Doturak pigtail ribbon, and some have been applied up to date. On the other hand, the custom of Corea had transmitted to the Mongolian nobility, they called it "Corea Yang(style)". 3) The costume of Corea could be divided into three different periods, the first is the period influenced by Tang and Song's regime, the second is affected by the Won's costume and the third is applying the Myung's regime in the end of Corea. The Mongolian dress was based on the Ho dress form and it has been developed through compounding artistic traditional fields and foreign customs in long history. And Mongolia is composed of various tribes, therefore, they have their own dress for each tribe. Our country and Mongolia had a similar dress form based on Ho dress and both used the Chacksukunggo (jacket with small sleeves and slacks) and Seon(line). And the ornaments of costume such as Chockturi, Doturak pigtail ribbon and Rouges had transmitted and fixed down as a traditional wedding garment, but the Rouges has been used by noble women from the ancient times in our country. Since a member of the Society of Korean Costume has visited Mongolia in August 1990 for the first time, I really recognized the neccesity of more detailed study on the costume relation between Korea and Mongolia, and I will proceed with the study on various fields of costume under cooperation of Institute of Oriental Academy of Mongolia.

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한국 성인의 국물 음식류 섭취에 따른 식생활 평가 : 2011~2014 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여 (Dietary assessment according to intake of Korean soup and stew in Korean adults: Based on the 2011~2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey)

  • 권용석;한규상
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제49권5호
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    • pp.335-346
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 만 19세 이상의 성인 20,926명을 중심으로 한식 국물 음식에 섭취에 따른 식생활 평가에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 국물 음식 섭취에 따른 식생활 평가를 수행하기 위해 전체 국물 음식 섭취량과 국/탕 및 찌개/전골 섭취량으로 분류하였으며, 전체 국물 음식 섭취량은 4 분위수로 분류하였다. 국물 음식의 섭취가 가장 높은 Q4군의 특징을 살펴보면 성별의 경우 남성의 비율이 여성 비율보다 높았고, 연령층은 만 30~49세 연령, 기혼자이며, 가구 소득과 교육 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 식생활 관련 요인들을 살펴보면 Q4군으로 갈수록 아침식사 결식의 비율이 낮아지며, 하루 1회 이상 외식하는 대상자의 비율이 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 또한, 국물 음식 섭취 4분위수 범위에 따른 영양소 섭취량에 대한 결과 지방을 제외한 모든 영양소 섭취량과 에너지 기여도의 비율 (지방의 에너지 기여된 비율 제외)이 Q1에서 Q4군으로 갈수록 유의적으로 증가하는 추이를 보였다. 식사가 제공된 조리 장소별 국물 음식 섭취량 역시 전체 국물 음식, 국/탕 및 찌개/전골 섭취량 모두 가정, 상업적 외식 및 단체 급식에서 Q1~Q4군으로 갈수록 섭취량이 유의적으로 증가하는 추이를 보였다. 마지막으로 국물 음식 섭취 4분위수 범위에 따른 식품 섭취량의 결과에서는 곡류, 서류, 두류, 견과류, 체소류, 버섯류, 과일류, 육류, 어패류, 우유/유제품류, 오일류 및 조미료류가 Q1 군에서 Q4 군까지 증가하는 추이를 보였다. 마지막으로 국물음식 섭취에 영향을 미치는 요인을 다중회귀분석을 통해 살펴본 결과 남성, 높은 연령, 기혼자와, 아침식사를 하는 경우, 간식을 섭취하는 경우, 가정식과 단체급식에서 제공된 식사를 하는 경우 및 주 당 평균외식 빈도와 에너지 및 나트륨 섭취가 증가할수록 전체적으로 국물음식 섭취에 정(+)의 방향으로 영향력을 보였다. 전체적으로 국물 음식 섭취가 증가함에 따라 영양소나 식품의 섭취량이 증가하는 것으로 보이는데 특히 나트륨의 섭취량은 각종 만성질환의 위험도와 관련이 높으므로 이에 대한 주의가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

Intramuscular Administration of Zinc Metallothionein to Preslaughter Stressed Pigs Improves Anti-oxidative Status and Pork Quality

  • Li, L.L.;Hou, Z.P.;Yin, Y.L.;Liu, Y.H.;Hou, D.X.;Zhang, B.;Wu, G.Y.;Kim, S.W.;Fan, M.Z.;Yang, C.B.;Kong, X.F.;Tang, Z.R.;Peng, H.Z.;Deng, D.;Deng, Z.Y.;Xie, M.Y.;Xiong, H.;Kang, P.;Wang, S.X.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제20권5호
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    • pp.761-767
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    • 2007
  • This study was conducted to determine the effects of exogenous zinc-metallothionein (Zn-MT) on anti-oxidative function and pork quality. After feeding a corn-soybean meal-based diet for two weeks, 48 pigs ($Duroc{\times}Landrace{\times}Chinese\;Black Pig$) were assigned randomly to four groups. Pigs in Group 1 were maintained under non-stress conditions, whereas pigs in Groups 2, 3 and 4 were aggressively handled for 25 min to produce stress. Pigs in Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 received intramuscular administration of saline (control group; CON), 0 (negative control group; NCON), 0.8 (low dose group; LOW), and 1.6 (high dose group; HIGH) mg rabbit liver Zn-MT per kg body weight, respectively. Pigs were slaughtered at 3 and 6 h post-injection. Zn-MT treatment increased (p<0.05) the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-PX) while decreasing the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver. These responses were greater (p<0.05) at 6 h than at 3 h post Zn-MT injection. Zn-MT treatment increased (p<0.05) hepatic SOD mRNA levels in a time and dose-dependent manner and decreased (p<0.05) serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase activities (indicators of tissue integrity). Zn-MT administration decreased (p<0.05) lactate concentration and increased (p<0.05) pH and water-holding capacity in the longissimus thorasis meat. Collectively, our results indicate that intramuscular administration of Zn-MT to pre-slaughter stressed pigs improved tissue anti-oxidative ability and meat quality.