• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.303-312
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 초고층 전단벽-골조 아웃리거 구조시스템의 지진하중에 대한 시간이력해석을 수행하였다. 전단벽과 골조를 전단변형과 휨변형이 모두 고려된 (티모센코) 보 이론을 기본으로 하여 개발되었으며, 개발된 해석모델은 일차원 유한요소로 정식화되어 다양한 수치해석 예제들의 거동 분석을 하였다. 해석모델은 아웃리거 트러스의 강성을 회전 스프링 강성으로 치환하여 적용한 것으로 아웃리거 트러스의 형태나 위치에 의한 구조물의 거동 효과를 쉽게 알 수 있다. 앞선 연구를 바탕으로 전단벽-골조 시스템과 전단벽-골조에 아웃리거 시스템을 결합한 건물의 지진해석모델을 개발하고자 하였다. 전단벽-골조 구조는 전단벽과 골조의 전단변형과 휨병형을 동시에 고려한 해석모델을 기반으로 하였으며, 아웃리거 트러스의 강성 해석 역시 전단변형과 휨변형을 모두 고려한 해석 모델을 기반으로 지진해석모델을 개발하였다. 개발되어진 해석 모델의 정확성을 입증하기 위해서 3차원 해석 프로그램인 MIDAS GEN을 이용하여 그 해석결과를 비교하였다. 그 결과 초고층건물의 초기설계단계에서 많은 시간이 소요되는 지진하중에 대한 시간이력해석을 효율적이며 또한 비교적 정확히 수행할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.273-282
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• 2020

An innovative high-rise timber-concrete hybrid structure was proposed in previous research, which is composed of the concrete frame-tube structure and the prefabricated timber modules as main structure and substructures, respectively. Considering that the timber substructures are built on the concrete floors at a different height, the floor response spectrum is more effective in estimating the seismic response of substructures. In this paper, the floor response spectra of the hybrid structure with different structural parameters were calculated using dynamic time-history analysis. Firstly, one simplified model that can well predict the seismic response of the hybrid structure was proposed and validated. Then the construction site, the mass ratio and the frequency ratio of the main-sub structure, and the damping ratio of the substructures were discussed. The results demonstrate that the peaks of the floor response spectra usually occur near the vibration periods of the whole structure, among which the first two peaks stand out; In most cases, the acceleration amplification effect on substructures tends to be more evident when the construction site is farther from the fault rupture; On the other hand, the acceleration response of substructures can be effectively reduced with an appropriate increase in the mass ratio of the main-sub structure and the damping ratio of the substructures; However, the frequency ratio of the main-sub structure has no discernible effect on the floor response spectra. This study investigates the characteristics of the floor response spectrum of the novel timber-concrete structure, which supports the future applications of such hybrid structure in high-rise buildings.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.333-348
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• 2003

The behaviour of composite frame - shear wall systems with regard to creep and shrinkage with high beam stiffness has been largely unattended until recently since no procedure has been available. Recently an accurate procedure, termed the Consistent Procedure (CP), has been developed which is applicable for low as well as for high beam stiffness. In this paper, CP is adapted for a class of composite frame - shear wall systems comprising of steel columns and R.C. shear walls. Studies are reported for the composite systems with high as well as low beam stiffness. It is shown that considerable load redistribution occurs between the R.C. shear wall and the steel columns and additional moments occur in beams. The magnitude of the load redistribution and the additional moment in the beams depend on the stiffness of the beams. It is also shown that the effect of creep and shrinkage are greater for the composite frame - shear wall system than for the equivalent R.C. frame - shear wall system.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2013

A multiscale finite element method is applied to the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model based detached-eddy simulation (DES). The multiscale arises from a decomposition of the scalar field into coarse (resolved) and fine (unresolved) scales. It corrects the lack of stability of the standard Galerkin formulation by modeling the scales that cannot be resolved by a given spatial discretization. The stabilization terms appear naturally and the resulting formulation provides effective stabilization in turbulent computations, where reaction-dominated effects strongly influence near-wall predictions. The multiscale DES is applied in the context of high-Reynolds flow over the Commonwealth Advisory Aeronautical Council (CAARC) standard tall building model, for both uniform and turbulent inflows. Time-averaged pressure coefficients on the exterior walls are compared with experiments and it is demonstrated that DES is able to resolve the turbulent features of the flow and accurately predict the surface pressure distributions under atmospheric boundary layer flows.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.191-198
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• 2015

It is important to accurately predict structural responses to external excitations such as typhoons and earthquakes when designing structures for serviceability. One of the key procedures to predict reliable vibration responses is to evaluate accurate structural dynamic properties using finite element (FE) models, which properly represent the realistic behavior of buildings. In the case of historic masonry buildings, structural damage could also be caused by ambient vibrations or impacts. Therefore, the preservation plans of historic buildings for low-level vibrations or impacts should be provided by analyzing structural damages within serviceability levels. For this purpose, it is required to provide FE model construction and response analysis methods verified with field measurement data. In this research, long-term field measurement was performed for a cathedral and its dynamic properties were evaluated using measured data. Then, the model was calibrated based on the measured dynamic properties and an overall construction method for the masonry cathedral was proposed. Using the measured accelerations, the vibrations of the belfry were analyzed using the calibrated FE model and finally, the FE model for the cathedral was verified by comparing the measured accelerations with the modeled results.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2013

The ventilation performance of a street in Bangkok, Thailand, was investigated by performing measurements and conducting a CFD analysis. We focused on a street that was covered by an elevated train station. It was shown that the ventilation efficiency varied drastically depending on the angle between the street and the wind direction. When the wind direction was parallel to the street, the elevated structure had a negative influence, which created higher pollutant concentrations than in locations without elevated structures. However, when the wind direction was perpendicular to the street, the pollutant concentrations in the two situations were similar. Using a CFD analysis and ventilation performance indexes, it was shown that the elevated structure directed the wind flow and enhanced the ventilation efficiency, which positively affected ventilation performance. These kinds of knowledge can lead us to optimize city planning including high-rise buildings with high ventilation efficiency.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.185-209
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• 2016

Across-wind aerodynamic damping ratios are identified from the wind-induced acceleration responses of 15 aeroelastic models of rectangular super-high-rise buildings in various simulated wind conditions by using the random decrement technique. The influences of amplitude-dependent structural damping ratio and natural frequency on the estimation of the aerodynamic damping ratio are discussed and the identifying method for aerodynamic damping is improved at first. Based on these works, effects of turbulence intensity $I_u$, aspect ratio H/B, and side ratio B/D on the across-wind aerodynamic damping ratio are investigated. The results indicate that turbulence intensity and side ratio are the most important factors that affect across-wind aerodynamic damping ratio, whereas aspect ratio indirectly affects the aerodynamic damping ratio by changing the response amplitude. Furthermore, empirical aerodynamic damping functions are proposed to estimate aerodynamic damping ratios at low and high reduced speeds for rectangular super-high-rise buildings with an aspect ratio in the range of 5 to 10, a side ratio of 1/3 to 3, and turbulence intensity varying from 1.7% to 25%.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2023

Structural vibration induced by earthquake hazards is one of the most significant concerns in structure performance-based design. Structural hazards evoked from seismic events must be properly identified to make buildings resilient enough to withstand extreme earthquake loadings. To investigate the effects of combined earthquake-resistant systems, shear walls and five types of dampers are incorporated in nineteen structural models by altering their arrangements. All the building models were developed as per ACI 318-14 and ASCE 7-16. Seismic fragility curves were developed from the incremental dynamic analyses (IDA) performed by using seven sets of ground motions, and eventually, by following FEMA P695 provisions, the collapse margin ratio (CMR) was computed from the collapse curves. It is evident from the results that the seismic performance of the proposed combined shear wall-damper system is significantly better than the models equipped with shear walls only. The scrutinized dual seismic resisting system is expected to be applied practically to ensure a multi-level shield for tall structures in high seismic risk zones.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.783-792
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• 2008

최근 초고층 건축물의 수요에 대응하여 고성능 고강도 강재에 대한 수요가 급증하고 있으며 고층건축물에 대한 지진 피해에 대한 인식이 확산되면서 건축구조용강에 대한 요구 성능이 점차 증가하는 추세이다. 이러한 수요에 의해 600MPa 급 강재가 출현 되었으며 현재 강교량 및 초고층 건축물에 적용하려고 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 새로운 강재를 적용한 골조의 수평력에 대한 거동은 자료가 부족한 실정이다. 특히 인성에 관해서는 일반구조용 강재를 적용한 기둥 보 접합부의 소성변형율과 비교하여 고강도강을 적용한 기둥보 접합부의 소성변형율 관련 설계자료가 절실히 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 600MPa급(SM570 TMC) 강재를 적용한 기둥-보 접합부의 초기연구로서 논스캘럽과 추천형스 캘럽 상세의 실구조물 규모의 기둥-보 용접접합부 실험체를 제작, 내진성능실험을 통해 구조성능을 평가하였다. 기존의 일반구조용 SM490 강재를 적용한 기존의 연구와 비교 분석하여 초고층 건축물에 적용을 위한 내진설계자료 및 제작상의 주의사항을 제시하였다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2008

최근 감쇠장치 등을 가진 초고층 건축물의 지진해석에 시간이력해석법이 자주 사용되고 있다. 지진기록은 구조물의 기본 진동주기를 T라 할 때 설계기준에서 요구하는 바와 같이 0.2T에서 1.5T 사이의 스펙트럼 값을 설계응답스펙트럼에 부합하게 조정되어 사용되고 있다. 설계기준에서 제시한 방법으로 조정할 경우 주기가 길어질수록 두 해석법 사이의 응답차이는 커지는 현상이 발생한다. 즉 설계기준에 의하여 조정된 지진기록을 사용하여 시간이력해석을 수행하면 밑면전단력 등은 비슷하지만 변위, 층간변위, 부재력 등은 적게 평가되는 현상이 발생하였다. 이들 결과에 밑면전단력 조정계수를 적용하면 응답이 더욱 작아지는 것을 확인하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 인공지진을 만드는 데 어려움이 있는 엔지니어들을 위하여 기존 설계기준에 부합하는 지진기록 조정방법을 제시하였다.