• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.73-82
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• 1990

Sex does not mean simply the physical behaviors related to man and woman, rather the sexuality needed socializing process toward total personality. It is believed that religion or social norms on sex, limit talking about sex openly. But children have, their own sexual thinking and want to know why and how. This survey was conducted to find out the need in sex education of primary school students and their parents in Seoul area, comparing students'sexual knowledge, attitude, and behavior to their parents', in October 1989. Total 400 students and their parents who are attending two primary school in Seoul, were given the questionnaires, and 395 students' and 310 parents', respectively, were finally analyzed. The following results were obtained. 1. The mean of 11 questions In asking sexual knowledge of students was 6.18, and showed no difference between boys and girls. But the higher grade, the higher score. 2. The positive attitudes on marriage and sex roles were showed, but negative on physical changes with puberty, which was same to the parents' reaction. 3. Moro than three-forths of students wanted to take sex education class, and one-third of them believed that it should be conducted by school nurses. This was accorded with their parents. 4. The sexual knowledge degree and attitudes of parents went proportionately to their higher educational background. Protestants reacted more negatively to the given sexual terms. No significant difference was made among the age groups of them. As stated above. the degree of sexual knowledge and attitudes are movable accordingly to their children's sexual thinking and need. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that sex education In the primary schools should be conducted systematically involving parents, especially mothers. And it is suggested that school nurses undertake their responsibilities as the sex educators.

• Journal of architectural history
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.83-98
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• 2012

The starting point of this study is the concerning of simple behavioral pattern that whoever enters the inner space with taking off his shoes should go out from the position where he laid his shoes. The using of Ondol (floor heating room) and Maru (lifted wood floor) had changed the architectural space from chair-sitting to floor-sitting space, and it also made the behavior of taking off the shoes at the entrance of building and stepping on the lifted floor. This simple behavior has possibility to make lots of changes to the culture of architectural design. With this noticeable point, this paper is talking about the cultural feature of Korean traditional architecture, especially about the influence of tanking off and putting on shoes. The matter of shoes has changed diverse aspects of building and layout planning. It maximized the difference between front and rear part of building and characterized the lateral extension of Korean traditional house. The ritual space also had evolved from chair-sitting to floor-sitting space according to the type of ritual behavioral pattern. The change on the single building level had influenced on the layout planning of architectural complex. For examples, the parallel layout of ChangDeok-gung palace and the long sequential process to the main pavilion of Buddhist temple are the result of the matter of shoes. And NuGak(樓閣), the double-storied pavilion, on the axis of entering sequence's node is one of the unique planning elements that makes possible to go through the building without taking off the shoes and also makes upper level space for staying. In short, Korean traditional architecture that has the chair-sitting spatial origin of the East Asian cultural sphere has pursued new architectural issues and planning methods according to evolution to the floor-sitting culture.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate experiences, convergent responses and expected negative impacts of verbal abuse of 253 paramedic students when they were doing clinical training practice. The results were as follows. First, 34%(86 people) experienced verbal abuse, the most frequently verbal abuse was done by Patients and Patient's family. Second, the most frequently contents of verbal abuse by Patient and Patient's family, Paramedic, Doctor and Nurse was 'Talking down or rude talk to me'. Third, the most frequently emotional responses of the students was 'Angry' and coping was 'Tolerate'. Fourth, the most frequently expected negative impacts was 'Practice productivity will be compromised'. Fifth, when experiencing verbal abuse by Paramedic was correlated with emotional responses(r=.458 p=.000), emotional responses was correlated with stress and expected negative impacts(r=.553 p=.000, r=.540 p=.000). In conclusion, it will be necessary to provide preventive education on verbal abuse before clinical training practice and to take active measures that have been protocolized.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2008

The aim of this research is to develop the sentiment indicators of housing welfare for evaluating housing welfare policies conducted by the Korean government. The methods of this research are used by analysis of related documents, FGI (Focus Group Interview), and survey. The survey was made by experts and consumers. To analyze the survey, this research also uses confirmatory factor analysis by SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) program, AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) by Expert Choice program, frequency, average, percentages, Factor analysis etc. As a result of this research, selected housing welfare indicators are settled as follows: In the housing welfare aspect, 11 indicators in the department of 'Housing Satisfaction' and 11 indicators in the department of 'Community Satisfaction' (22 in total) are suggested. The indicators are 1) Water Supply and Distribution Equipment 2) Heating equipment 3) the size of the exclusive residential area 4) the number of rooms 5) Ventilation and Lighting 6) Sound Insulation (Indoor Noise) 7) Air Pollution/Odor 8) House Deposit 9) Rent Paid 10) Maintenance (Dwelling) Cost 11) The length of Occupation 12) Proximity to Welfare Facilities 13) Educational Environment 14) Convenience of Facilities (shops, hospitals etc.) 15) Convenience of Transportation and Commuting 16) Distance from Workplace 17) Landscape and Green Space (Tree, Flowers, Grass etc.) 18) Vandalism (Destruction Behavior, graffiti etc.) 19) Privacy 20) Noise in Public Places (Drinking, Loudly Talking etc.) 21) Safety from Crime 22) Safety from a Disaster. As of 2007, the housing welfare sentiment index is measured by the survey of 1,000 inhabitants in the public housing, which shows 3.51.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.217-225
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• 2011

The meaning and role of public space has existed based on the periodical situation like history. The more the time has passed, the faster the meaning of it has changed. We can see the differences of it from the one which used to be. This study is about Platoon Kunsthalle which is so-called the complex cultural space. The purpose of this study is to show how the user is related to the program for the planning of the public space. It is based on the procedure of the research with absorbing the place. The people who are using the space are absorbed for knowing the user's action. And then, the specific actions are written and the status of the using space is photographed. The research is based on asking and answering about that. The result of this study is as follows : The first is that young people between 20's and 30's are using a hall comparing with other age through daily using of space and features of users. Also, Using between 7p.m. and 9p.m., a dinnertime, takes the first place and using of meals and beverages is major at lunch due to restaurant and bar. User behavior of "sitting" is the biggest part and the hall is used for the public purpose connected with "talking". The second is that the daily hall space is classified with the spacial area indirectly based on the condition. Also, it depends on the time and the using. The third is that the unusual hall space is depended on the program which is the role of leading the extention of using the space. That is why the program is important because it is effected directly to the way of using the space and the place of the furniture. I am looking forward that this study is the basic data for the planning of the public space in the complicated culture.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2018

Leading up to the 2019 presidential election in Indonesia, campaigns have emerged through social media, particularly Twitter, using various hashtags, such as #2019GantiPresiden (2019 Change President) and #TetapJokowi (Always Jokowi). This paper tries to understand the presidential candidates' power map in forming opinions and influencing voter behavior by analyzing Twitter from August 6, 2018 to September 15, 2018, just before the beginning of the official campaign period, by searching for the keyword "pemilihan presiden RI Tahun 2019" (RI presidential election in 2019). According to our NodeXL's analysis, there were 1,650 active Twitter users talking about the 2019 presidential election. The 1,650 Twitter users have formed a communication network of 46,750 relationships formed from messages in the form of tweets, comments, and retweets. Our analysis found that those mentioning "pilihan presiden 2019" form large communication networks around four clusters: one for each of the two candidates (Jokowi and Prabowo) and two for opinion leaders who are undecided about the election (Gus Mus and Mas Piyu). GusMus is a religious leader, as an official of the PBNU Rais Syuriah (an Islamic organization) and has a large following both on and off Twitter. "MasPiyu" is an unidentified Twitter user; he only has a large following on Twitter, but does not have support offline.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2011

Recently, the Project Financing industry has appeared the various change of the development environment in the rapid growth. So the Project Financing company has been trying to search Project Financing able to success and they are performing diversified researching to prepare the judgment ground of success from initial stage of development. The aim of this study is to find success factors which is in the Project Financing through collecting opinion of specialist and talking survey to people employed in Project Financing development field. Consequently, we indicate success factors using Analytic Hierarchy process (AHP) and make out success factors for the Project Financing. Furthermore, we suggest the way which is able to apply factors objectified so that exceed the development success Project Financing objectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.221-236
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• 2015

This paper describes the process and methodology followed in developing the Android-based LG Sangnam Audiobook service and an evaluation of its usefulness to the public. The methods included a survey of user needs, analysis of usage statistics, and user interviews. The study found that visually impaired users: 1) were greatly interested and willing to use smartphones if there were no barrier in cost and access; 2) preferred downloads to streaming services; 3) did not mind performance differences between real and TTS (text-to-speech) voices; 4) showed marked differences in book preferences according to age, 5) made about 14,000 downloads in 2014; and 6) indicated bookmarking and moving between pages and tables of content as the most important functions in using audiobooks.

• Journal of Science of Art and Design
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• 제8권
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• pp.129-159
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• 2005

Web sites have become one of most important factor for sales products as well as advertising communications in these days. So numerous web sites have been developed for corporations and brands. It is not easy to getting more attention as a prominent web site expression among various types of numerous web sites. Due to the voluminous expansion of visual communications and the change of the media. new advertising creative must be needed for serving to differentiate the message, inviting audiences to participate more positively in Web site communications. This thesis aims at reviewing images and semiotics for analyzing web sites. And this thesis is about the significations of web sites for some of supreme brands. Chapter I describes the aim of this thesis about the signification of web sites, especially concentrate on the intro-pages of worldwide supreme brands. such as Chanel, Louis Vuitton, Yves Saint Laurent, Prada, and Burberry. And Chapter II introduces the general concept of Image and Semiotics. Chapter III deals with the signification of the web sites with introducing semiotic methods such as the theory of R. Barthes. Chapter IV discusses the signification of Images of web sites as an advertising creative talking into consideration of semiotic theories. And this thesis analyze almost all visual images and verbal message by the theory of R. Barthes. In this matrix, a. particular image of web site can be analyzed into its basic structure of pictorial and word elements , i. e., into the representations the viewer uses and identifies. It's my belief that one of aesthetic engineering approaches such as Semantic Differential Method and semiotic approaches such as the Interpretant Matrix for advertising design images provide basic methods which is about defining the process of constructing and coding the advertising images as well as analyzing and decoding advertising expressions. So I suggest these kinds of studies on the images of web sites as well as advertising design images.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2015

PURPOSE: Previous studies have shown that healthy young adults reduced gait velocity during texting or talking while walking. It was reported that increasing number of pedestrian accidents were related to distract the environmental attention. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of texting and texting while listening to music on gait parameters. METHODS: Texting and listening to music while walking were assessed in two dual-task condition using 35 healthy young adults. The outcome measurements were assessed in terms of spatiotemporal gait parameters in three walking conditions, namely, comfortable walking speed, walking while texting, and walking while texting and listening to music. To avoid learning effect, subjects were individually blinded to assessment schedule and space. The changes between the three walking conditions were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS: When comparing the two dual-task conditions with the single-task condition, it was found that dual-task interference was increased in almost gait velocity, cadence, stride length, step time, double limb support, and single limb support. In addition, walking while texting and listening to music condition negatively was affected gait speed, stride length, and step time more than the texting only condition. CONCLUSION: Walking while texting and listening to music as well as waling while texting may decrease pedestrian safety when crossing streets by diverting the person's attention away from the street environment.