• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.55-64
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to compare the profiles of Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI) and Sasang constitution in middle school students. Methods : In this study, healthy 89 students(13 to 15 years old) except for 3 Taeyangin were analyzed; 37 Soyangin, 30 Taeeumin, 22 Soeumin. The Sasang Constitutional types were determined by the results of TS-QSCD(Two Step Questionnaire for Sasang Constitution Diagnosis) and the seven dimensions JTCI 12-18(The Junior Temperament and Character Inventory) were compared among the different Sasang types using analysis of variance(ANOVA). Results : In the temperament dimensions, Soyangin showed significantly higher score than Taeeumin and Soeumin in Novelty Seeking(NS). Soeumin showed significantly higher score than Soyangin in Harm Avoidance(HA). Soyangin showed significantly higher score than the others in RD(Reward Dependence) (Soyangin>Soeumin>Taeeumin). In the character dimensions, Soyangin showed significantly higher score than Soeumin in SD(Self-Directness). There were no significant differences in P(Persistence), and C(cooperativeness) and ST(self-transcendence). Conclusions : These results demonstrate that there are some differences of the temperaments and characters among Sasang types and could help adolescents to understand and develope themselves.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.40-50
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• 2008

1. Objectives We analyze throat disease focused on Sasang constitutional medicine and find out throat disease's concept, pathology and medical treatment. 2. Methods We consider term, conceuption, symptoms, mechanism and medical treatment of throat disease in "Dongyisusebowon", "Dongyisusebowon Gabogubon", "Dongyisusebowon sasangchobongwon", "Dongyisasangshinpyun" and "Dongmuyoogo" 3. Results and conclusions 1) We find out throat disease's some concept that are refered variety in sasang constitutional medicine. 2) Throat disease's pathology are different according to sasang constitution. In Soeumin throat disease belong to taeeum syndrome and soeum syndrome, in Soyangin throat disease belong to chest heat syndrome, in Taeumin throat disease belong to dry heat syndrome, in Taeyangin throat disease belong to Yul gyuk syndrome 3) In sasang constitutional medicine, medical treatment of throat disease focus on not throat disease but human being and medical treatment of throat disease are almost internal treatment but in Soyangin and Taeumin, medical treatment of throat disease are external treatment.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.330-337
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• 2016

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the menstrual pain affect the Sasang constitutions questionnaire response in adult women. Methods Using a structured menstrual history questionnaire, we evaluated the degree of menstrual pain of 550 adult women who participated in this clinical trial. Based on the survey we classified them into menstrual pain group and control group. They filled out SSCQ-P (Sasang Constitution Questionnaire for Patients) and we had compared the difference in response by Sasang constitutions. From 329 women in menstrual pain group and 212 women in control group, 541 questionnaire was analyzed statistically by their constitutions. Results 7 questions in Soyangin, 11 questions in Taeeumin and 20 questions in Soeumin were statistically significant in response between menstrual pain group and control group. Conclusions Soyangin's menstrual pain shows less influence on SSCQ-P than Taeeumin and Soeumin. Taeeumin who has Taeyangin's appearances and characteristics has more menstrual pain. In Soeumin, menstrual pain may result in negative and less expressive characteristics.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.258-262
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• 2007

The objective of this study is to offer some standards for the classification of Sasang Constitutions according to age groups through analyzing the characteristics of their body shape and comparing with their frontal silhouettes. The subject of this study were 192 female and 167 male patients who aged from 17 to 64 in Pusan. They were treated with Sasang Constitutional medicine. 5 Heights, 7 widths of their body were measured with modified IBS-2000. Collected 12 anthropometric data was analyzed by T-test and ANOVA. Width is more suitable than height in estimating Sasang Constitutions regardless of gender differences. W2_1, W2_2, W2_4, W2_5, W2_51 are suitable to estimate Sasang Constitutions regardless of gender differences and age groups. in case of female, H45 in 33${\sim}$64 age group is suitable to estimate Sasang Constitutions. In case of male, H12, W2_1 in 17${\sim}$32 age group and H01, W2_0, H23 in 33${\sim}$64 age group are suitable to estimate Sasang Constitutions. All Sasang Constitutions with the exception of Taeyangin female have to consider age groups, when we estimate Sasang Constitutions. From the above results, we have to consider not only gender differences but also age groups to classify Sasang Constitutions from body shape point of view.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.82-90
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• 2005

1. Objectives : There are many studies on the ordinary symptoms based on Sasang constitution. But there are not quite satisfactory between the types of Sasang constitution. So This study is for learning the characteristics of ordinary symptoms depending on Taeyangin Soyangin(the rest Yangin) and Taeumin Soeumin(the rest Eumin) of the Sasang constitution. 2. Methods : We classified them into the each type of Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM) by the well-trained SCM specialist, and assessed their ordinary features by the questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analysis was applied to evaluate the influence of ordinary features to the diagnosis of SCM. 3. Results : There are a result of the binary logistic analysis on the observed questionnaire. 1) Regarding sleeping, Yangin do not dream much as Eumin do when they sleep. The time they are sleeping is not longer, and they usually do not sleep well. 2) Regarding stools, Yangin go to stool more than Eumin do. The constipation does not occur when they are not in a good condition, and they do not feel uncomfortable when they do not go to stool for a day. The length of time taken for emptying the bowels is much longer, and the hardness of their stools is much more, but the hardness does not mean that they have the constipation. 3) Regarding urine, Yangin have much more foam than Eumin. 4. Conclusions: We found that Yangin and Eumin have characteristics of ordinary symptoms, but partly there are not in accordance with ones what Lee Je-ma said in his book. So in future we hope clinical studies are required steadily.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.31-54
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• 2005

1. Objectives This paper was written in order to understand the function of acupoints as Sasang Constitution. 2. Methods Through the concept of ${\ulcorner}$Seung-Gang-Wan-Sok(升降緩束)${\lrcorner}$, we could find out the function of some acupoints as Sasang Constitution. 3. Results and Conclusions 1) Some acupoints could be classified into four groups. These four groups are corresponded with four Sasang Constitutional groups 2) This four groups are supported by the concept of ${\ulcorner}$Seung-Gang-Wan-Sok(升降緩束)${\lrcorner}$. 3) The first group is for Soeumin(少陰人). The acupoints are 'Sangwan(上脘, CV13)', 'Chungwan(中脘, CV12)', 'Hwangsu(?兪, K16)', 'chonchu(天樞, S25)' and 'Wisu(胃兪, B21)'. These acupoints all have Seung(升: elevating Gi(氣))-function in their Oriental medical effects 4) The second group is for Soyangin( 少陽人). The acupoints are 'Kichung(氣衝, S30)', 'Choksamni(足三里, S36)', 'Sangohu(上巨虛, S37)', 'Hagoho(下巨虛, S39)', 'Haegye(解谿, S41) and 'hyonjong(懸鍾, G39)'. These acupoints all have Gang(降: descending Gi(氣))-function in their Oriental medical effects. 5) The third group is for Taeumin(太陰人). The acupoints are 'Oje(魚際, L10)', ' Taeyon(太淵, L9)', 'Taedo(大都, Sp2)', 'Taebeak(太白, Sp3)' and 'Nohoe(?會, TE13)‘. These acupoints all have Wan(緩: efferenting Gi(氣))-function in their Oriental medical effects. 6) The fourth group is for Taeyangin(太陽人). The acupoints are 'Kwanwon(關元, CV4)', 'Hawan(下脘, CVlO)’ and ‘Chungjong(中庭, CVI6)’. These acupoints all have Sok(束: afferenting Gi(氣))-function in their Oriental medical effects.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.75-90
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• 2006

1. Objectives The Sasang Constitution has been studied in many parts and one of the most common inquiries is the self-reporting questionnaire. But the established investigation has the problem that the respondents are not fully aware of the questionnaires and answer them. To settle this problem, it's been made new questionnaires through two steps. 2. Methods At first step, the testers ate classified into Yangin(陽人) and Eumin(陰人). And then, Taeyangin is distinguished from Soyangin likewise Taeumin is told from Soeumin. It's called 'The Two Step Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Diagnosis(TS-QSCD)'. This new method is tested by 160 testers and Woosuk university students whose constitution ate confirmed to make clear clinical uses 3. Results and Conclusions Questionnaire Sasang Constitution corresponds with The Real Sasang Constitution at the rate of 71.87%. Only 5.63% has shown an error at the first step. Every experimenters by constitutions, the 56 objects of 74 Taeumin are confirmed the same as it is. It has 84.85% accuracy. The 27 objects of 32 Soeumin come to the same thing and it has 69.23% accuracy. Similarly, the 32 objects of 42 Soyangin come to the same conclusion and 72.73% accuracy high As the result, in comparison to the Real Constitution with the Constitution by questionnaires, the accord comes out Kappa Indices 0.6427866. This result is comparatively high. Chi-square Test can be shown statistical meaning as well.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.113-124
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• 2006

1. Objectives Sasang Constitutional Medicine is based on difference of Nature & Emotion(性情). The mind is held in high value to characteristics of each constitution's symptoms and prescriptions. This study is for psychotheraphy with Herbal medicines, Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Sasang Constitutional Medicine. 2. Methods Comparing with ${\ulcorner}$DongYi Soose Bowon Gabobon${\Ircorner}$ and ${\ulcorner}$DongYi Soose Bowon ShinChukbon${\Ircorner}$, we research the principle of human's organization which is connected with their talent and will. 3. Results and Conclusions (1) Sasang Constitutional Medicine consider human being more than disease in medical science. A Human being works up to take a reasonable in modern societies, as making friends, a practice of his daily life, mentality. (2) Psychotheraphy is as important as each constitution's symptoms and prescriptions on clinical medicine (3) Taeyangin should be moderate when expressing their sorrow & anger(哀怒) and take a step backward for a real purpose(恒心). (4) Soyangin should be moderate when expressing their sorrow & anger(哀怒) and watch the interior for a real purpose(恒心). (5) Taeumin should be moderate when expressing their happiness & pleasantness(喜樂) and watch the exterior for a real purpose(恒心). (6) Soeumin should be moderate when expressing their happiness & pleasantness(喜樂) and go one step forward for a real purpose(恒心).

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.6
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• pp.176-188
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• 1993

After studing on the type of Bi(肥) and Su(痩) of Body in 'Yellow Emperior's Nei-Ching', I reached the following conclusions; 1. The specific charactor of bi(肥) and su(痩) were explained in table 1. 2. The specific charactor of gi(脂), ko(膏) and youk(肉) were explaned in table 2. 3. Obserbing the type of bi(肥) and su(痩) by the view of YinYang(陰陽), bi(肥) belongs to Yin(陰) and su(痩) belongs to Yang(陽). Also the each of bi(肥) and su(痩) could obserbed by the view of YinYang(陰陽). The type of su(痩) easily becomes to yanghea(陽虛) because chi(氣) easely becomes to exhaust also easely becomes to yinhea(陰虛) because blood(血) easely becomes to exhaust. So the outer of body is cold, the inner of body is hot. The type of bi(肥) easely causes YinYang(陰陽) to exceed because blood(血) easely becomes to black and turbid(血黑以濁), chi(氣) easely becomes to rough and slow(氣澁以遲). So the outer of body is hot, the iner of body is cold 4. Obserbing the type of bi(肥) and su(痩) by the view of viscera, in view of upper and lower(上下觀點) su(痩) is yang(陽) so heart and lung belongs to su(痩) bi(肥) is yin(陰) so liver and kidney belongs In bi(肥). in view of inner and outer(內外觀點) su(痩) is inner(內) so heart 3I1d liver belongs In su(痩) bi(肥) is outer(外) so lung and kidney belongs to bi(肥). 5. Obserbing the type of bi(肥) and su(痩) by the view of body constitution(體質), partially body constitution was divided into gi(脂), ko(膏) and youk(肉), entirely there was OhtaeinLon(五態人論) and four constitutional medicine(四象醫學) I thing that taeyangin(太陽人) and soyangin(少陽人) belong to su(痩), taeyinin(太陰人) and soyinin(少陰人) belong to bi(肥).

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.277-288
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• 2013

Objectives This study was aimed to propose the guideline of the diarrhea in Sasang Constitutional Medicine. Methods 1) Literature search It was investigated that the prescriptions stated the diarrhea as a main and accessory symptoms to be treated in "Donguisasangshinpyun", "Donguisusebowon Sasang Chobongwon", "Donguisusebowon Gabobon", "Donguisusebowon Sinchukbon", "Dongmuyugo" 2) Clinial paper search (1) The foreign papers were searched by using the search word with 'Sasang AND Diarrhea' in pubmed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) and The Cochrane Library(http://www.thecochranelibrary.com) (2) The domestic papers were searched by using the search word with 'Soeumin AND Diarrhea', 'Soyangin AND Diarrhea', 'Taeeumin AND Diarrhea', 'Taeyangin AND Diarrhea', 'Sasang AND Diarrhea' in NDSL (http://www.ndsl.kr), KISS(http://kiss.kstudy.com), Oasis(http://oasis.kiom.re.kr), RISS(http://www.riss.kr) (3) The extracted factors were the evaluations on the mainly complained symptom, adopted four constitutional therapy and efficacy. Results & Conclusions The guidelines for treating the diarrhea in the Four Constitutional Medicine are as follows. 1) It is to categorize the constitution. 2) The diarrhea of taeeumin is prescribed with 'A Series of Taeeumjowi-tang, Galgeunhaegi-tang, Cheongsimyeonja-tang, Sahyang-san, etc'. by classifying into cold, fever, consumption and addiction. 3) The diarrhea of soyangin is regarded as an internal disease and it is prescribed with 'Baekhaobuja-tang, Baekhaobujaijung-tang, etc'. by classifying taeeum symptom and so-yin symptom. 4) The diarrhea of soeumin is Mangeum-disease and 'Jeoryeongchajeonja-tang, Hyeongbangsabaek-san, Hwalseokgosam-tang, Hyeongbanggihwang-tang, etc'. is prescribed depending on the complication.