• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.631-642
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• 2013

For the emerging High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard, a fast transform unit (TU) decision method is proposed. HEVC defines the TU representing a region sharing the same transformation, and it allows a residual block to be split into multiple TUs recursively to form a quadtree. By using the quadtree of TUs, HEVC supports various transform sizes from $4{\times}4$ to $32{\times}32$. The various sizes of TUs can provide a good coding efficiency, whereas this may increase encoding complexity dramatically. In the assumption that a TU with highly compacted energy is unlikely to be split, the proposed method determines TU sizes according to the position of the last non-zero transform coefficient. In the experimental results, the proposed method reduced 18% encoding run time with the negligible coding loss of 0.7% BD-rate for the Random_access case.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.180-183
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 HEVC(High Efficiency Video Coding) 부호화기에서 사용되는 TU(Transform Unit) 분할이 깊이에 따라 속도와 화질과 압축률에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. 현재 HD 영상의 표준 부호화기로 사용되던 H.264/AVC 를 대신할 차세대 부호화기인 HEVC 에 대한 표준화 작업이 이루어지고 있으며 이러한 HEVC 부호화기의 특징 중 하나로 영상 압축 시 CU, PU, TU 로 세분화 된 단위를 사용한다는 점을 들 수 있다. HEVC의 reference software 인 HM 의 경우 기존 H.264/AVC 에 비하여 UHD 영상에서 최대 40%에 가까운 비트 절감률을 보이지만 최적화가 이루어지지 않아 실시간 부호화에는 적합하지 않은 속도를 보인다. HM 에서는 각 CU 나 TU 에 대하여 quadtree 형식으로 분할하여 부호화를 수행한 후 최적의 분할 형태를 취하는 방식을 사용하기 때문에 많은 시간을 소요하게 되며 분할되는 깊이에 비례하여 기하급수적으로 속도가 느려지게 된다. 본 논문에서는 TU 가 분할되는 깊이가 부호화 화질과 속도에 어느 정도 영향을 미치는지를 분석하고 화질 손상을 최소화 하는 최적의 TU 분할 깊이를 제안하여 보기로 한다.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.625-629
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• 1998

Turnip mosaic potyviruses (TuMV) were isolated from Rorippa indica and Armoracia lapathifolia showing mosaic symptoms in field. Identification of the TuMVs were carried out by host reactions of indicator plants, electron micrograph, serological properties and reverse transcription-poly-merase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Both viruses systemically infected Chenopodium quinoa, Nicotiana clevelandii, Brassica rapa, B. campestris subsp. pekinensis, B. juncea and Raphanus sativus, and developed local infection on inoculated leaves of C. quinoa, C. amaranticola, C. album, N. tabacum cv. Xanthi nc and Gomphrena grobosa. However, the viruses did not infect on N. glutinosa, Cucumis sativus and Vigna unguiculata. The filamentous particles, about 720 nm in length, and inclusion bodies were observed from the infected leaf tissues by dipping on electron microscopy. Crude sap of leaf infected with the viruses was reacted positively with an antiserum of TuMV in agar gel double diffusion. For detection of the viruses, RT-PCR was carried out with TuMV--specfic oligonucleotide primer. The RT-PCR products, a 1,092 bp DNA fragment, were obtained from naturally infected leaves of R. indica and A. lapathifolia. In inoculation test to seven cruciferous weeds with TuMV, infection occurred in Arabis glabra, Barbarea orthoceras, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Draba nomorosa var. hebecarpa, Rorippa cantoniensis and Thlaspi arvense.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.695-700
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• 2006

We present B, V, I time series CCD photometry for the variable star TU UMi to classify its variable type. The observations were performed using 61cm telescope equipped with 2K CCD camera at Sobaeksan Optical Astronomy Observatory (SOAO). Judging from the amplitude ratio $({\Delta}i/{\Delta}v)$ and color variation $({\Delta}(b-v),\;{\Delta}(v-i))$. TU UMi should be a W UMa type eclipsing binary. We obtained two primary times of minimum lights (HJD 2453848.0446, HJD 2453848.2309) from our observations and determined new orbital elements (Min I=HJD 2452500.1344+0.37708907${\times}$E) for TU UMi.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

In this study, TI(Toxic Index) of Daphnia toximeter corresponded to ecological toxicity standard 1 TU(Toxic Unit) was set up using Daphnia toximeter and when operating NOEC(water quality standards for drinking water) and $EC_{50}$ Daphnia toximeter alarm was issued appropriately, which enables real time ecological toxicity evaluation. I studied to get a good shot and the research was conducted by investigating domestic and international related data and conducting a preliminary study. 6 of 59 hazardous substances (As, Hg, Cr, Diazinon, Dioxane, and Phenol) recommended by the water quality monitoring items for artificial river water were selected and static, dynamic and quality management test, TI was shown to be good in other materials except Diazinon, and as a result of $EC_{50}$ spiking test, TI was matched to TU by distinguishing between 1 TU and 1 TU. in suggesting the complementary point of ecological toxicity management system and the future of research on water Daphnia toximeter.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.46-46
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• 2000

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Wind and Structures
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.463-480
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• 2012

The effects of Reynolds number (Re), freestream turbulence intensity (Tu) and integral length scale (${\Lambda}$) on the drag coefficient ($C_d$) of a circular cylinder in cross flow were experimentally studied for $6.45{\times}10^3$ < Re < $1.82{\times}10^4$. With the help of orificed plates, Tu was fixed at approximately 0.5%, 5%, 7% and 9% and the normalized integral length scale (L/D) was varied from 0.35 to 1.05. Our turbulent results confirmed the general trend of decreasing $C_d$ with increasing Tu. The effectiveness of Tu in reducing $C_d$ is found to lessen with increasing ${\Lambda}$/D. Most interestingly, freestream turbulence of low Tu (${\approx}5%$) and large ${\Lambda}$/D (${\approx}1.05$) can increase the $C_d$ above the corresponding smooth flow value.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.40-43
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• 2007

We propose a taper-underlaid spot-size converter (TU-SSC) with an offset which consists of two vertically stacked taper layers. The designed TU-SSC reduces coupling loss of a high index-contrast waveguide with $1.5%{\Delta}$ to a single mode fiber from 1.5 dB to 0.27 dB. We also considered the effects of mask misalignment in the fabrication process of TU-SSC, and optimized the design of TU-SSC so that the additional loss of TU-SSC for the mask misalignment of $3{\mu}m$ in the photo-lithography process was as low as 0.13 dB.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.3423-3426
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• 2012

Background: The objective of this study was to measure the antibody content of NuTu-19 ovarian cancer cells in serum samples using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) immunosensor. Materials and Methods: NuTu-19 cells were first cultured onto the electrode surfaces of crystals in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium, and then specified amounts of immunized serum samples of immunized rabbit were also added. The change in mass caused by specific adsorbtion of antibodies of NuTu-19 to the surfaces of the crystals was detected. Results: The change in resonance frequency of crystals caused by immobilization of NuTu-19 cells was from 83 to 429Hz. The antibody content of NuTu-19 detected was 341ng/ul. The frequency shifts were linearly dependent on the amount of antibody mass in the range of 69 to 340ng. The positive detection rate and the negative detection rate were 80% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: This immunoassay provides a viable alternative to other early ovarian cancer detection methods and is particularly suited for health screening of the general population.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.161-164
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• 2010

The concentration of the tritium in precipitation from 2007 to 2009 has been analyzed for using tracer of groundwater study. The samples were collected monthly at Daejeon. The tritium concentrations in precipitation were ranged from 4.2 TU to 18.6 TU. The contents were higher at spring and fall season and lower at summer and winter season. The weighted average tritium content in precipitation was $7.85{\pm}0.46\;TU$.