• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.178-181
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• 2001

The electro-optical (EO) characteristics for the twisted-nematic (TN)-liquid crystal display (LCD) photo-aligned with polarized UV exposure on various blending photopolymer surfaces were investigated. Excellent LC alignment and voltage-transmittance (V-T) characteristics for TN-LCD photo-aligned with polarized UV exposure of normal incidence on the blending Photopolymer (polyimide (PI) + PM4Ch (poly(4-methacryloyloxy chalcone))) surface containing chalcone group can be achieved. The EO performances of the TN-LCD photo-aligned on the blending photopolymer can be improved due to the photosensitivity by long side chain of the photopolymer.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.53-54
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• 2006

We have studied the viewing angle control of a twist nematic liquid crystal display (TN-LCD). The TN-LCD exhibits a bad image quality along vertical direction, due to characteristics such as low contrast ratio and grey scale inversion. The proposed new TN-LCD has the function of switching between the wide viewing mode and narrow viewing angle mode using two tilted LC layers at both sides of a TN-cell Tilt angles of the two LC layers, $14^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ were required in both wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle modes, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.600-605
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• 2001

The electro-optical (EO) performances for the twisted-nematic (TN)-liquid crystal display (LCD) photo-aligned with polarized UV exposure on various blending photopolymer surfaces were investigated. Excellent LC alignment and voltage-transmittance (V-T) characteristics for TN-LCD photo-aligned with polarized UV exposure of normal incidence on the blending photopolymer (polyimide (PI) +PM4Ch(poly(4-methacryloyloxy chalcone))) surface containing chalcone group can be achieved. The EO performances for the TN-LCD photo-aligned on the blending photopolymer can be improved due to the photosensitivity by long side chain of the photopolymer.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.218-222
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• 1997

We fabricated a bistable TN LCD with 180$^{\circ}$ twist angle and confirmed that it has a fast switching response time and a high contrast ratio. We also investigated the effects of the amplitude and width of the reset and selection pulses on a bistable TN LC cell and the conditions of the bistability and the memory time. The range of d/p values showing the bistability is determinded for the pretilt angle according to the rubbing depth.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.143-144
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.118-119
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• 2000

최근에 많이 사용되는 휴대용기기의 표시장치인 액정표시장치를 보면 반사형 액정표시장치가 많이 사용되고 있다. 반사형 액정표시장치는 표시장치의 전력소모의 많은 부분을 차지하는 backlight 를 주변 광원으로 대체하여 전력소모를 줄일 수 있는 표시장치로서 많이 연구되고있다. 최근에 연구되고있는 반사형 표시장치를 살펴보면 반사형 TN (Twisted Nematic) LC 모드가 주류를 이루고 있으나 콘트라스트비가 낮은 단점이 있다$^{[1]}$ . 이를 극복하기 위하여 반사형 VA (Vertical Aligned) LC 모드가 제시되어진다. VA LC 모드는 TN LC 모드와 반대로 음의 유전율 이방성을 가지는 액정물질을 이용하여 유리기판에 수직으로 배향시킨 모드로서, 전압이 인가되지 않은 초기상태에는 액정 cell 이 복굴절을 전혀 나타내지 않는다. TN LC 모드와 정확히 역의 구조를 가진다. 그리하여 초기상태에서 편광판 한 장과 광대역 λ/4 위상지연판을 사용하여 뛰어난 어두운 상태를 구현할 수가 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.502-505
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• 2003

We synthesized high thermal photoalignment material with hydroxyl aromatic polyimide, and studied the liquid crystal (LC) aligning capabilities on the photopolymer layers. Also, electro-optical (EO) performances for the twisted-nematic (TN)-liquid crystal display (LCD) photoaligned with linearly polarized UV exposure were investigated. A good LC alignment with UV exposure on the photopolymer surface can be obtained. However, the low pretilt angles were obtained below $1^{\circ}$. The Voltage-transmittance (V-T) curve without backflow bounce in the photoaligned TN cell with UV exposure was observed. The response time of photoaligned TN cell was measured about 24 ms.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.633-640
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• 2004

We have studied color tracking of a fringe-field driven homogenously aligned nematic liquid crystal (LC) cell with negative dielectric anisotropy and compared it with other devices such as the twisted nematic(TN) and in-plane switching(IPS) modes. According to studies, the TN device shows bluish color at grey scale and even at a low retardation cell it cannot avoid color tracking. The authentic IPS device having cell retardation value of 0.23 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ also shows bluish white color. However, the FFS device shows excellent color tracking characteristics even at high retardation value of the cell while keeping high transmittance and greenish white.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.07b
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• pp.1043-1046
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• 2003

We investigated the EO performances of the UV aligned twisted nematic liquid crystal display (TN-LCD) with the UV exposure on a-C:H thin film surface. LC alignment using UV exposure on the a-C:H thin film surface was achieved. Monodomain alignment of the UV aligned TN-LCD can be observed. An good EO characteristics of the UV aligned TN-LCD was observed with oblique ion beam exposure on the a-C:H thin film surface. Therefore, the EO property of the UV-aligned TN-LCD with UV exposure on the a-C:H thin film surface is almost the same as that of the rubbing-aligned TN-LCD on a polyimide (PI) surface.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.177-180
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• 2013

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is characterized by recurrent paroxysms of unilateral facial pain that typically is severe, lancinating, and activated with cutaneous stimulation. There are two types of TN, classical TN and atypical TN. The pain nature of classical TN are the same as those described above, whereas atypical TN is characterized by constant, burning pain. We describe the case of a 49-year-old male presenting with right-sided facial pain. The patient was diagnosed with temporomandibular joint disorder at a dental clinic and was on medical treatment, but his symptoms worsened gradually. He was referred to our pain clinic for further evaluation. Radiologic evaluation, including MRI, showed a parapharyngeal tumor. For the relief of TN, a right mandibular nerve (V3) root block was performed at our pain clinic, and then he was scheduled for radiation and chemotherapy.