• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.73-80
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• 1977

전국 주요도시의 가정에서 메주 54점과 재래식 된장 125점, 시장에서 땅콩 31점을 수집하고 AOAC공정법(公定法)에 의하여 aflatoxin을 검색한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) Aflatoxin의 출현빈도는 메주 7.4%(4/54), 된장 8.8%(11/125), 땅콩 불검출(0/31)로서 특히 대구, 부산지역의 메주와 된장에서 높은 빈도로 검출되었다. 2) Aflatoxin이 가장 많이 검출된 것은 부산에서의 된장시료로서 $B_1\;66\;ppb,\;B_2\;13\;ppb,\;G_1$ 불검출, $G_2\;5\;ppb$이었으며 기타 시료에서는 $G_2$만이 검출되었다. 3) 된장 시료에서 검출된 $aflatoxin\;B_1$은 정제후 네가지 용매계에 의한 TLC에서 Rf값, 유도체(acetate 및 water adducts)의 Rf값 및 2차에 걸친 chicken embryo bioassay에 의하여 표준물질과 동일한 동시에 화학적정량치(定量値)가 타당함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.1706-1712
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• 2006

Because of the need for new antimicrobial substances with novel mechanisms of action, we report here the use of an Acinetobacter reporter system for high-throughput screening of active antimicrobial agents. The bioreporter Acinetobacter strain DF4/PUTK2 carrying luciferase genes luxCDABE was chosen because of its ecological importance and it is widespread in nature. This bioreporter is genetically engineered to emit light constitutively that can be measured in real time by luminometry. Hence, this reporter system was employed to determine the bacteriostatic actions of spent-culture supernatants derived from twelve bacterial isolates. Out of the results, the strongest bioluminescence inhibitory effect of the supernatants was recorded with Bacillus cereus strain BAC (S5). Subsequently, ethyl acetate extracts of extracellular products of strain BAC (S5) were separated by a thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Based on the bioluminescence inhibitory assay, three fractions were found to have antimicrobial activity. One fraction (C) having the strongest antimicrobial activity was further purified using TLC and characterized by IR, $^1H$ NMR, mass spectrometry, SDS-PAGE, and amino acid composition analysis. The results predicted the presence of 2-pyrrolidone-S-carboxylic acid (PCA) and the octadeconic-acid-like fatty acid. Fraction C also demonstrated a broad inhibitory activity on several Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In conclusion, the Acinetobacter reporter system shows great potential to be a reliable, sensitive, and real-time indicator of the bacteriostatic actions of the antimicrobial agents.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.221-226
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• 1990

상치의 생물검정(生物檢定)을 통(通)해 독활로부터 생장억제물질(生長抑制物質)을 분해(分解) 동정(同定)한 결과(結果) Tlc상에서 $R_f$ 0.51로 나타났으며 이 물질(物質)은 상치생체중(生體重)을 70% 억제(抑制)하였으며 3% $FeCl_3$(0.5N HCL) 시약(試藥)에 검푸른 반응(反應)을 보여 phenol성(性) 물질(物質)로 확인(確認)되었고 324nm에서 가장 높은 UV 흡수대가 나타났고 IR spectrum에서 $3,600cm^{-1}$에서 OH기, $1,700cm^{-1}$에서 C=0, $1,600cm^{-1}$에서 C=C, $1,200cm^{-1}$에서 C-0결합(結合)이 확인(確認)되었다. HPLC에 의한 동정(同定) 결과(結果) retention time 25분(分)대의 ferulic acid($C_{10}H_{10}O_4$)와 일치(一致)하여 독활의 주(主) 억제물질(抑制物質)이 ferulic acid임을 확인(確認)하였다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2014

Pseudomonas sp. P7014 박테리아를 통한 큰느타리버섯 균사체의 생육촉진에 관한 연구가 수행되었다. 박테리아 배양액으로 부터 분리한 ethyl acetate 분획물(F5)에는 성장촉진물질(GPC)이 함유되어 있음을 확인하였다. TLC, HPLC, NMR 및 MS/MS분석법으로 확인한 바, indole acetic acid (IAA)로 확인되었다. 큰느타리버섯 균사체는 성장촉진물질(GPC)이 첨가된 PDA와 PDB 배지에서 빠른 성장을 보였다. 성장촉진물질(GPC)의 농도는 1.0 nM로 매우 낮았지만, 확인된 tryptophan은 IAA의 전구체로써 IAA가 아민화된 형태였다. 이들 결과는 박테리아에서 분비된 성장촉진물질(GPC)은 IAA이었고 큰느타리버섯 균사체의 생육촉진에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.325-328
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• 2001

Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide antibiotic produced by Actinoplanes teichomyceticus novo sp. A TCC 31121. It is active against Gram-positive bacteria and it is under evaluation for use in man. Teicoplanin mixture in fermentation broth contains major amounts of teicoplanin $A_1$ and $A_2$ and a minor amount tcicoplanin of $A_3$. Commercial teicoplanin product is composed of five major components of very similar polarity, designated T-$A_2$-l, 2, 3, 4 and 5, and the more polor component, designated T -$A_3$. The culture conditions were studied in order that hydrophilic teicoplanin $A_2$ components are more produced but hydrophobic teicoplanin $A_1$ with lower bioactivity are less produced in submerged culture. Effects of culture pH and nutrients on the biosynthes ratio of teicoplanin $A_1$ and $A_2$ were confirmed in flask culture using MOPS buffer system through TLC, bioautography and bioassay. It was elucidated that optimal pH is 7.4 for teicoplanin $A_2$ biosynthesis but is 5.2 for teicoplanin $A_1$ biosynthesis, and that trace elements stimulate $A_2$ production but malt extract stimulate $A_1$production.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.1259-1265
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• 2010

The filamentous cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis strain MMG-9 was isolated from a rice field. The ability of this strain to synthesize the bioactive compound indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was demonstrated. IAA was extracted from the culture of A. platensis strain MMG-9 and its identity was confirmed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) as well as by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The IAA precursor L-tryptophan was required for IAA biosynthesis. Released IAA increased with the increase of the initial concentration of L-tryptophan in the medium and with the incubation time. A. platensis strain MMG-9 accumulated more IAA than it released into the medium. The bioactivity of the secreted IAA was shown by its effect on the formation of roots by Pisum sativum. There was a significant positive effect of the supernatant of cultures of A. platensis strain MMG-9 on the number of lateral roots of P. sativum, whereas a negative effect on root length was observed.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.293-299
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• 1987

우리나라산 주요 패류에 대한 독의 분포특성 등에 대한 연구의 일환으로 우선 1986년 3월 부산시 사하구 구평동 지선에 소재하는 모회사(폐선을 해체하여 고철로 활용)의 작업인부들이 먹고 식중독 사고를 일으킨 원인식품인 진주담치를 시료로 하여 biassay를 통한 마비성 패류독의 독성을 조사하고 독소를 분리하여 electrophoresis, TLC, HPLC로 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 식중독사고의 원인이 된 진주담치의 마비성 패류독 함량은 $132\~295MU/g$, 또는 $26.4\~58.9{\mu}g/g$ 였다. 2. 독화된 진주담치의 중장선부위에는 독성이 $439\~979MU/g$나 되어 육질부위의 약 9배에 달하였으며 전체 독성의 $70\%$ 정도가 중장선부위에 축적되어 있었다. 3. 마비성 패류독을 분리하여 전기영동, TLC, HPLC로 분석한 결과 주성분은 $Gonyautoxin_{1\~4}$ 였으며, Saxitofin 군은 아주 미량검출되었다. 이상의 결과로서 본 마비성 패류독에 의한 식중독 사고의 원인물질은 Saxitoxin이 아니고 Gonyautoxin 임을 알 수 있었다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2004

경작지 근권토양에서 식물생장촉진물질인 auxin라 항진균물질을 동시에 생산하는 농업용 미생물제제로 사용할 PGPR 균주를 선발하고 동정하였다. 경북 경산 일대의 다수확 밭토양의 근권토양에서 균주를 선발하고 그 중 auxin 생산성이 높은 2균주 K36, N21를 분리하였다. 이들 균주를 동정한 결과 K36은 Pantoea agglomerans이고 N21은 Pseudomonans fulva로 동정되었다. 선발된 균주의 식물생장촉진능을 in vivo 녹두발아촉진검사법으로 확인하였으며, 식물병원진균에 대한 길항력을 확인하였다. 배양조건에 따른 auxin 생산성을 조사한 결과 K36 균주는 $pH\;7.5,\;35^{\circ}C$, 37시간에서 최대로 나타났고, N21균주는 $pH\;7.5,\;35^{\circ}C$, 20시간에서 최대값을 나타내었다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2016

This study is performed that furniture and interior materials of MDF's (Medium Density Fiberboard) biodegradation properties, and the goal of this study is investigation of possibility of waste-MDF's composting after landfilling. To investigate biodegradation, this study was performed according to KS M ISO 14855-1, and there were two different soil conditions including a compost condition and an activated vermiculite condition as artificial soil. This experiment was tested for 40 days. The measurement of carbon-dioxide generation was processed every 24 hour in 1-2 week, and every 48 hour after 3 week. In the same days, MDF showed 24.4% of biodegradation in compost condition, and 6.2% in activated vermiculite. Also, the reference material of TLC (thin-layer chromatography) grade cellulose showed 26.4%, 11.4% in compost and activated vermiculite respectively. The dilution plate method was performed for biological analysis in the study. This experiment was used for investigation of inoculum's (Bacillus licheniformis) activity. As the result of bioassay, compost has more other germs include inoculum than activated vermiculite in the first week. Especially in the 2nd week, the reference material under the compost condition showed the most germ's activity, and also the biodegradation was the highest. Consequentially, compost condition was able to reduce a performing period of biodegradation testing than activated vermiculite. However, activated vermiculite could be stabilizing errors between repetition.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2003

A freshwater bloom-forming cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa, and local soil isolate Scytonema sp. strain BT 23 were demonstrated to contain biotoxic secondary metabolites with pesticidal and mosquito larvicidal activities. A purified toxic constituent from M aeruginosa showed an absorption maximum at 230 nm and its toxicity symptoms, Rf value on TLC, and retention time observed ill an HPLC analysis were similar to those of the hepatotoxic heptapeptide microcystin-LR. The bioactive constituent of the Scytonema sp. was less polar in nature and exhibited two peaks at 240 and 285 m. When applied to two cruciffrous pests, Pieris brassicae and Plutella flostella, the crude extracts and toxic principles from the two cyanobacteria showed significant antifeedant activity in a no-choice bioassay, and at higher concenuations exhibited contact toxicity to the insect larvae. The purified toxin from M. aeruginosa was found to be more effective and produced 97.5 and $92.8\%$ larval mortality in the two pests, fo11owing 2 h of toxin treatment at a concentration of $25{\mu}g$ Per leaf disc (2.5 cm dia.). Meanwhile, similar treatment with the purified toxin from Sytonema sp. stain BT 23 only produced 73 and $78\%$ mortality in the two pests. The cyanobacterial constituents also showed significant activity against Culex and Anopheles larvae. The M. aeruginosa toxin ($20{\mu}g\;ml^-1$) caused 98.2 and $88.1\%$ mortality in the Culex and Anopheles larvae, respectively, while the purified toxin from the Sytonema sp. was less toxic and only produced a 96.3 and $91.2\%$ mortality, respectively, at a much higher concentration ($40{\mu}g\;ml^-1$). Accordingly, the current results point to certain hitherto unknown biological properties of cyanobacterial biotoxins.