• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2015년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.267-268
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• 2015

카카오에 함유되어 있는 향기성분을 열탈착 가스크로마토 질량분석기(TD GC/MS)를 이용하여 실시하였다. 그 결과 hydrocarbone류 10종, alcohol류 3종, aldehyde류 7종, ketone류 3종 및 carboxylic acid류 4종 등 총 27종의 향기성분이 동정되었다. 그 중에서 carboxylic acid류의 향기성분이 55.88%로 가장 많이 함유되어 있었다. 그 다음으로 알데히드류가 13.80%, 케톤 화합물이 11.90% 그리고 모노테르펜 화합물이 11.7% 함유되어 있음을 확인하였다.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2020

In this study, we provide full descriptions of how to make a low-cost and completely open-source laboratory-made air sampler that will be used for sample adsorption for thermal desorption-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS) analysis. It is well known that harmful gases cause bad effects on human bodies, so it is necessary to identify the types and amounts of gases in industrial sites. One of the most commonly used methods for gas sampling is to utilize a sorbent tube using an air sampler. Commercially available air samplers are expensive, typically priced between $1,000 and $2,000, and their design often cannot be modified to fit the experiment. To address these shortcomings, we have developed a do-it-yourself (DIY) air sampler that is not only cheap enough, but also completely open-source. Furthermore, the performance of the fabricated air sampler was validated in conjunction with TD-GC/MS for the analysis of volatile compounds.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.461-476
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• 2014

Continuous Water-Soluble Organic Carbons (WSOC) by the Particle Into Liquid Sampler - Total Organic Carbon (PILS-TOC) analyzer were measured at the Seoul intensive monitoring site from June 17 through July 5 in 2014. In addition, the 24 hour integrated PM2.5 collected by Teflon and Quartz filters were analyzed for water soluble ions by Ion chromatography (IC), WSOC by TOC from water extracts, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC) by carbon analyzer using the thermal optical transmittance (TOT) method, and mass fragment ions (m/z) related to alkanes and PAHs (Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons) by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer-Thermal Desorption (GC/MS-TD). Based on the statistical analysis, four different Carbonaceous Thermal Distributions (CTDs) from OCEC thermal-gram were identified. This study discusses the primary and secondary sources of WSOC based on the Classified CTD, organic mass fragments, and diurnal patterns of WSOC. The results provide knowledge regarding the origins of WSOC and their behaviors.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2014

Simultaneous determination of crop protection agents(CPAs) in food are done with multi-residue methods, which are composed of sample clean-up, concentration, chromatographic separation and detection. Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction(SBSE) technique is used for sample preparation of various analytes in several fields. The aim of this study was to develop a sensitive and fast method based on SBSE followed by thermal desorption - gas chromatography - mass spectrometry(TD - GC/MS) to determine CPAs in tobacco sample. For the analysis of tobacco sample prior to the SBSE method, solvent extraction or ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction was performed. methanol was used as the extraction solvent. The extract was then diluted with water. Finally, the sample was subjected to SBSE. A method for fast screening of crop protection agents in tobacco using SBSE-TD - GC/MS has been developed. About 17 CPAs including organochlorine, organophosphorous and others were identified and quantified. This method showed good linearity and high sensitivity for most of the target CPAs. The method was applied to the determination of CPAs at ng/mL levels in tobacco sample. This method is simple, rapid and may be applied in detection of other components.

• 분석과학
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.274-285
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• 2001

본 연구는 ppb와 ppt 정도의 농도 수준으로 존재하고 있는 대기 중 휘발성 유기화합물을 분석하기 위해 열탈착-저온농축-GC/FID/FPD를 개발하였다. 그리고 고체흡착제가 충진된 흡착관과 자체 제작한 휴대용 가스채취기를 사용하여 강원도 춘천지역에 위치한 근화동과 혈동리 생활폐기물 매립장에서 배출되는 VOCs를 채취하였다. 저온농축방법으로는 분석컬럼을 직접 저온 농축하는 on-column 저온 농축장치와 0.8mm loop를 이용한 저온농축장치를 서로 비교 검토해 보았다. On-column 저온농축법은 loop에 비해 분리능은 좋으나 흡착관에 채취한 시료를 저온농축할 때 요구되는 50 psi의 높은 탈착압력으로 인해 흡착관의 SwageLok fitting이 마모되어 가스가 새는 문제점이 발생하였다. 이에 반해 탈착압력을 낮추고 탈착유량을 늘리기 위해 설계한 loop 경우에는 탈착압력이 0.4 psi로 on-column에 비해 매우 낮아 가스가 새는 것을 방지할 수 있었다. 열탈착-저온농축-GC/FID/FPD로 분석한 근화동과 혈동리 생활폐기물 매립장에서 검출된 물질로는 toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene등 탄화수소류와 악취물인 styrene, limonene, dimethyl disulfide 등이 검출되었다. 그리고 매립지에서 방출되는 VOCs는 매립되는 폐기물의 조성과 매립기간에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 검출된 화합물은 저온농축-GC/MS를 이용하여 확인하였다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.757-772
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• 2013

In this study, a combination of sorbent tube (ST)-thermal desorption (TD)-gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry (MS) was used for quantitative analysis of liquid phase standards of 10 BVOC ((1) (+)-${\alpha}$-pinene, (2) (+)-${\beta}$-pinene, (3) ${\alpha}$-phellandrene, (4) (+)-3-carene, (5) ${\alpha}$-terpinene, (6) p-cymene, (7) (R)-(+)-limonene, (8) ${\gamma}$- terpinene, (9) myrcene, and (10) camphene). The results of BVOC calibration yielded comparatively stable pattern with response factor (RF) of 23,560~50,363 and coefficient of determination ($R^2$) of 0.9911~0.9973. The method detection limit (MDL) of BVOC was estimated at 0.03~0.06 ng with the reproducibility of 1.30~5.13% (in terms of relative standard error (RSE)). Emissions of BVOC were measured from four types of fruit samples ((1) tangerine (TO), (2) tangerine peel (TX), (3) strawberry (SO), and (4) sepals of strawberry (SX)). The sum of BVOC flux (${\sum}flux$ (BVOC) in ng/hr/g) for each sample was seen on the descending order of (1) TX=291,614, (2) TO=2,190, (3) SO=1,414, and (4) SX=2,093. If the results are compared between the individual components, the highest flux was seen from (R)-(+)-limonene (265,395 ng/hr/g) from TX sample.

• 분석과학
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.290-297
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• 2011

현재 자동차 실내공기질을 평가하는 방법이 ISO, 중국, 일본에서 개발 중에 있으며, 우리나라에서도 관리기준이 2010년 7월 1일 이후 생산한 신규제작자동차부터 적용되고 있다. 자동차 실내공기질을 관리하기 위해서는 자동차 실내의 내장부품으로부터 방출되는 휘발성 유기화합물을 평가하는 것이 중요하다. 이 연구에서는 모듈단위부품인 도어트림 모듈의 구성부품인 도어트림 암레스트를 ISO 12219-5방법에 따라 완제품을 평가 하였으며, ISO 12219-3방법으로 절단부품과 도어트림 구성소재를 평가하였다. Tenax TA가 충진된 스테인리스 튜브를 이용하여 VOC를 채취하여 TD-GC/MS를 이용하여 분석하였다. 두 시험방법을 비교한 결과 도어트림 암레스트로부터 방출되는 물질의 비율이 차이가 있음을 확인하였고, 도어트림 암레스트의 소재를 평가한 결과 PP substrate과 adhesive가 도어트림 암레스트에서 주요 방출원인 소재로 나타났다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.95-109
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• 2014

In this study, the concentration of odorants released from albumin (EA) and yolk (EY) portions of boiled egg samples were determined as a function of storage time. The concentrations were measured at storage days of 0, 1, 3, 6, and 9 under room temperature. As such, odorants produced during both fresh and decay conditions were measured through time. A total of 19 compounds were selected as the main target odorants along with 12 reference compounds. GC-MS (for VOC) and GC-PFPD system (for sulfur gases) equipped with thermal desorption (TD) system were employed for odorant analysis in this work. The initial concentrations measured from the chamber system were converted into flux terms ($ng{\cdot}g^{-1}{\cdot}min^{-1}$). The EA showed the highest concentration of $H_2S$ (234 $ng{\cdot}g^{-1}{\cdot}min^{-1}$) at EA-0, and the concentrations of AT (Acetone) was also seen clearly in the range of 11.7 (EA-0) to 58.6 $ng{\cdot}g^{-1}{\cdot}min^{-1}$ (EA-9). The EY showed similar patterns. EtAl (Ethyl alcohol) increased 9.47 (EA-1) to 96.7 $ng{\cdot}g^{-1}{\cdot}min^{-1}$ (EA-9) in EA samples. Ketone, alcohol, sulfur groups generally exhibited high concentrations compared to other odorants. These data were also compared in relation to olfactometry related dilution-to-threshold (D/T) ratio by air dilution sensory (ADS) test and sum of odor intensity (SOI).

• 분석과학
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.287-297
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• 2013

본 연구는 고체 흡착관과 TD-GC/MS를 이용하여 7종의 휘발성 유기화합물에 대한 열탈착 분석조건을 최적화하였고, 기체상 및 액상 표준물질 첨가한 고체 흡착관을 사용하여 얻어진 검정곡선으로부터 휘발성 유기화합물을 비교 정량하였다. 대응표본 t-검정 결과, 스타일렌을 제외하고 벤젠, 톨루엔, 에틸벤젠, o-, m- 및 p-자일렌을 포함한 6종의 휘발성 유기화합물에 대해서는 액상 표준물질에 의한 표준 흡착관법이 기체상에 의해 제작된 표준 흡착관법이 유의수준 (${\alpha}=0.01$)에서 일치한 반면, 스타일렌에 대해서는 기체상 및 액체상으로 작성된 검정곡선에서 감응인자가 15.6% 차이가 발생하였는데 이것은 두방법 간에 유의한 차이가 있다는 것을 의미하였다. 따라서 BTEX를 포함한 스타일렌을 정량하는데 오차를 감소시키기 위해 액상 표준물질을 이용한 고체상 흡착관법을 사용하였다. 바로 그 점이 이 논문의 핵심내용임. 즉, 고가의 표준가스 대신에 저가의 액상 표준물질을 사용하여 정량하더라도 스타일렌 이외에 거의 동일한 값을 나타내기 때문임. 액체상 표준물법 조건에서 7종의 VOCs의 회수율은 $100{\pm}5%$, 재현성은 0.3~7.7%, 검출한계는 o-자일렌의 $0.01{\mu}g/m^3$에서부터 톨루엔의 $0.27{\mu}g/m^3$까지 범위를 나타내었다. 이러한 최적화된 분석방법을 신축 기숙사, 원룸 아파트 및 신차의 실내공기 중 휘발성 유기화합물을 정량하는데 적용하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2024

Background: In this study, we investigate the rapid increase in environmental odors and notable rise in civil complaints near Dorim Stream in the Gwanak-gu area of Seoul. Objectives: This study aims to identify the causal compounds responsible for environmental odors in the Dorim Stream and investigate the structural characteristics of the stream that influence odor generation. Methods: The research methodology involved setting up 41 sampling points, selecting panels for direct sensory evaluation to assess odor intensity, measuring dissolved oxygen and hydrogen sulfide concentrations, and using all-in-one low-temperature desorption gas chromatography (ATD-GC) and thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS) analysis to identify odor-causing compounds. Results: The evaluation of Dorim Stream revealed that in areas with complete meandering, there were lower dissolved oxygen levels (4.5±2.67 mg/L) and higher odor intensity (4.0±0.92), while in partially meandering sections, higher dissolved oxygen levels (7.8±1.15 mg/L) and lower odor intensity (2.8±1.06) were observed. Hydrogen sulfide levels measured with sensors increased with higher temperatures, especially in the afternoon hours (12:00~14:00). Acetaldehyde was the dominant odor compound detected in both the Bonglim Bridge (0.4 ppm) area and Guro Bridge area (0.867 ppm), with concentrations more than twice as high near Guro Bridge. Odor-causing compounds identified by TD-GC/MS indicated a pungent, sulfurous odor in the Guro Bridge area and a musty odor in the Bonglim Bridge area. Conclusions: This study categorizes and analyzes the sources of odor in Dorim Stream in Seoul based on meandering patterns and the distribution of sewage facilities, highlighting the potential odor issues associated with combined sewage systems and sewer junctions and suggesting policy improvements.