• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.9-20
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• 2009

In a real-time system with both hard real-time periodic tasks and soft real-time aperiodic tasks, it is important to guarantee the deadlines of each periodic task as well as obtain fast response time for each aperiodic task. This paper proposes Enhanced Total Bandwidth Server (ETBS) with possibly shorter response time than Total Bandwidth Server (TBS), which is efficient and widely used for servicing aperiodic tasks. For uniprocessor system using Earliest Deadline First (EDF) scheduling algorithm, ETBS assigns an on-line deadline to each aperiodic task considering a surplus slack time which gained for every unit execution time of periodic job. The proposed method can fully utilize the processor while meeting all the deadlines of periodic tasks. We show that the proposed ETBS provides better response time of aperiodic tasks than TBS theoretically, but has the same computational complexity as TBS, O(1). Simulation results show that the response time of aperiodic tasks with ETBS are shorter than one with TBS.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.218-228
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• 2023

Objective: This study investigated the effects of feeding anthocyanin-rich black cane treated with ferrous sulfate and molasses on animal performance, rumen fermentation, microbial composition, blood biochemical indices, and carcass characteristics in meat goats. Methods: Thirty-two Thai-native×Anglo-Nubian crossbred male goats (14.47±2.3 kg) were divided equally into two groups (n = 16) to investigate the effect of feeding diet containing 50% untreated anthocyanin-rich black cane silage (BS) vs diet containing anthocyaninrich black cane silage treated with 0.03% ferrous sulfate and 4% molasses (TBS) on average daily gain (ADG) and dry matter intake (DMI). At the end of 90 d feeding trial, the goats were slaughtered to determine blood biochemical indices, rumen fermentation, microbial composition, and carcass characteristics differences between the two dietary groups. Results: Goats fed the TBS diet had greater ADG and ADG to DMI ratio (p<0.05). TBS diet did not affect rumen fluid pH; however, goats in the TBS group had lower rumen ammonia N levels (p<0.05) and higher total volatile fatty acid concentrations (p<0.05). Goats in the TBS group had a higher (p<0.05) concentration of Ruminococcus albus but a lower (p<0.05) concentration of methanogenic bacteria. The TBS diet also resulted in lower (p<0.05) thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances concentration but higher (p<0.05) total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase concentrations in blood plasma, while having no effect on plasma protein, glucose, lipid, immunoglobin G, alanine transaminase, and aspartate aminotransferase. Meat from goats fed the TBS diet contained more intramuscular fat (p<0.05) and was more tender (p<0.05). Conclusion: In comparison to goats fed a diet containing 50% untreated anthocyanin-rich black cane silage, feeding a diet containing 50% anthocyanin-rich black cane silage treated with 0.03% ferrous sulfate and 4% molasses improved rumen fermentation and reduced oxidative stress, resulting in higher growth and more tender meat.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.29.1-29.13
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• 2018

Objectives: The aims of this study were to conduct a systematic review of the microtensile bond strength (${\mu}TBS$) of multi-mode adhesives to dentin and to perform a meta-analysis to assess the significance of differences in the ${\mu}TBS$ of one of the most commonly used universal adhesives (Scotchbond Universal, 3M ESPE) depending on whether the etch-and-rinse or self-etch mode was used. Materials and Methods: An electronic search was performed of MEDLINE/PubMed, ScienceDirect, and EBSCOhost. Laboratory studies that evaluated the ${\mu}TBS$ of multi-mode adhesives to dentin using either the etch-and-rinse or self-etch mode were selected. A meta-analysis was conducted of the reviewed studies to quantify the differences in the ${\mu}TBS$ of Scotchbond Universal adhesive. Results: Only 10 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. Extensive variation was found in the restorative materials, testing methodologies, and failure mode in the reviewed articles. Furthermore, variation was also observed in the dimensions of the microtensile testing beams. The meta-analysis showed no statistically significant difference between the etch-and-rinse and self-etch modes for Scotchbond Universal adhesive (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Multi-mode 'universal' adhesives can achieve substantial bonding to dentin, regardless of the used modes (either etch-and-rinse or self-etch).

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.6.1-6.12
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• 2020

Currently, the optimal resuscitation fluid remains debatable. Therefore, in the present study, we designed a trometamol-balanced solution (TBS) for use as a resuscitation fluid for hemorrhagic shock. Hemorrhagic shock was induced in 18 male Wistar-Kyoto rats, which were assigned to normal saline (NS), Ringer's solution (RS), and TBS groups. During the hemorrhagic state, their hemodynamic parameters were recorded using an Abbott i-STAT analyzer with the CG4+ cartridge (for pH, pressure of carbon dioxide, pressure of oxygen, total carbon dioxide, bicarbonate, base excess, oxygen saturation, and lactate), the CG6+ cartridge (for sodium, potassium, chloride, blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, hematocrit, and hemoglobin), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (calcium, magnesium, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, bilirubin, and albumin). Similar trends were found for the parameters of biochemistries, electrolytes, and blood gas, and they revealed no significant changes after blood withdrawal-induced hemorrhagic shock. However, the TBS group showed more effective ability to correct metabolic acidosis than the NS and RS groups. TBS was a feasible and safe resuscitation solution in this study and may be an alternative to NS and RS for resuscitation in hemorrhagic shock patients without liver damage.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.290-295
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• 2016

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of paracetic acid (PAA) and ozone disinfection on the tensile bond strength (TBS) of silicone-based resilient liners to acrylic resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS. One hundred and twenty dumbbell shaped heat-polymerized acrylic resins were prepared. From the mid segment of the specimens, 3 mm of acrylic were grinded off and separated parts were reattached by resilient liners. The specimens were divided into 2 control (control1, control7) and 4 test groups of PAA and ozone disinfection (PAA1, PAA7, ozone1 and ozone7; n=10). While control groups were immersed in distilled water for 10 min (control1) and 7 days (control7), test groups were subjected to PAA (16 g/L) or ozone rich water (4 mg/L) for 1 cycle (10 min for PAA and 60 min for ozone) per day for 7 days prior to tensile tests. Measurements of the TBS were analyzed using 3-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test. RESULTS. Adhesive strength of Mollosil decreased significantly by application of ozone disinfection. PAA disinfection had no negative effect on the TBS values of Mollosil and Molloplast B to acrylic resin. Single application of ozone disinfection did not have any negative effect on TBS values of Molloplast B, but prolonged exposure to ozone decreased its adhesive strength. CONCLUSION. The adhesion of resilient liners to acrylic was not adversely affected by PAA disinfection. Immersion in ozonated water significantly decreased TBS of Mollosil. Prolonged exposure to ozone negatively affects adhesion of Molloplast B to denture base materials.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.126-132
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• 2013

PURPOSE. Post surface conditioning is necessary to expose the glass fibers to enable bonding between fiber post and resin cement. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different surface conditioning on tensile bond strength (TBS) of a glass fiber reinforced post to resin cement. MATERIALS AND METHODS. In this in vitro study, 40 extracted single canal central incisors were endodontically treated and post spaces were prepared. The teeth were divided into four groups according to the methods of post surface treatment (n=10): 1) Silanization after etching with 20% $H_2O_2$, 2) Silanization after airborne-particle abrasion, 3) Silanization, and 4) No conditioning (Control). Adhesive resin cement (Panavia F 2.0) was used for cementation of the fiber posts to the root canal dentin. Three slices of 3 mm thick were obtained from each root. A universal testing machine was used with a cross-head speed of 1 mm/minute for performing the push-out tests. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests were used for analyzing data (${\alpha}$=0.05). RESULTS. It is revealed that different surface treatments and root dentin regions had significant effects on TBS, but the interaction between surface treatments and root canal regions had no significant effect on TBS. There was significant difference among $H_2O_2$ + Silane Group and other three groups. CONCLUSION. There were significant differences among the mean TBS values of different surface treatments. Application of hydrogen peroxide before silanization increased the bond strength between resin cements and fiber posts. The mean TBS mean values was significantly greater in the coronal region of root canal than the middle and apical thirds.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.12
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• pp.1018-1021
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• 2010

Townes-Brocks syndrome (TBS) is a rare autosomal dominant congenital disorder caused by mutations in the $SALL1$ gene. Its signs and symptoms overlap with other genetic syndromes, including VACTERL association, Pendred syndrome, Baller-Gerold syndrome, and cat eye syndrome. Structural vertebral abnormalities, hypoplasia of the thumb, and radial bone abnormalities, which are not usually associated with TBS, help in the differential diagnosis of these syndromes. We report the case of a family whose members were diagnosed with TBS with congenital hypothyroidism and had a novel $SALL1$ gene mutation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.169-176
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• 2017

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is caused by chronic lipid accumulation due to dysregulation of lipid metabolism in the liver, and it is associated with various human diseases such as obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. Histone acetylation is a representative epigenetic mechanism regulated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and deacetylases. We observed that tartary buckwheat sprout (TBS) suppressed lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells through its anti-HAT activity. We showed that TBS was a novel HAT inhibitor with specificity for the major HAT enzyme p300. Importantly, TBS reduced acetylation of total and histone proteins, H3K9, H3K36, and H4K8, resulting in decreased transcriptional activities of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, ATP citrate lyase, and fatty acid synthase. These results suggest that TBS inhibits the NAFLD transcription-modulating activity of lipogenesis-related genes through modification of histone acetylation.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.461-472
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• 2010

Objectives: This study evaluated microtensile bond strength (${\mu}TBS$) and short-rod fracture toughness to explain fractural behavior of repaired composite restorations according to different surface treatments. Materials and Methods: Thirty composite blocks for ${\mu}TBS$ test and sixty short-rod specimens for fracture toughness test were fabricated and were allocated to 3 groups according to the combination of surface treatment (none-treated, sand blasting, bur roughening). Each group was repaired immediately and 2 weeks later. Twenty-four hours later from repair, ${\mu}TBS$ and fracture toughness test were conducted. Mean values analyzed with two-way ANOVA / Tukey's B test ($\alpha$= 0.05) and correlation analysis was done between ${\mu}TBS$ and fracture toughness. FE-SEM was employed on fractured surface to examine the crack propagation. Results: The fresh composite resin showed higher ${\mu}TBS$ than the aged composite resin (p < 0.001). Mechanically treated groups showed higher bond strength than non-mechanically treated groups except none-treated fresh group in ${\mu}TBS$ (p < 0.05). The fracture toughness value of mechanically treated surface was higher than that of non-mechanically treated surface (p < 0.05). There was no correlation between fracture toughness and microtensile bond strength values. Specimens having high KIC showed toughening mechanism including crack deviation, microcracks and crack bridging in FE-SEM. Conclusions: Surface treatment by mechanical interlock is more important for effective composite repair, and the fracture toughness test could be used as an appropriate tool to examine the fractural behavior of the repaired composite with microtensile bond strength.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.66-75
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• 2021

The research is centered towards analyzing the usage status of YouTube platform and the nature of content supplied to YouTube by selecting Korean two Traffic Broadcastings Based on TBS(Traffic Broadcasting System) and TBN(Traffic Broadcasting Network). TBS operates 'Citizen's Broadcasting', which has 1.1 million subscribers among 13 YouTube channels, as its main channel. TBN has only 15,000 subscribers to its main 'TBN Tong', and YouTube channels in 12 local networks. TBS which has a dedicated YouTube manpower, is far ahead of TBN in terms of YouTube channel management and content composition. Both broadcasters are passive about creating new media content due to job stability. For the development of the YouTube platform for these two broadcasters, organizational changes within traffic broadcasting and changes in the perception of members are required, and live broadcasting and discovery of star creators are required. In the changing media environment two traffic broadcastings need a program distribution strategy that can be included in various media platforms.