• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.85-106
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• 1986

The purpose of this investigation was to know the means of the T.M.J. space and to compare spational differences in centric relation and centric occlusion by the T.M.J. Tomogram and to study the correlation between the articular eminence slope and the lingual surface slope of the maxillary central incisor by the Cephalogram in near normal occlusion subjects. These results could give contribution for the diagnosis of orthodontic treatment and T.M.J. dysfunction and the assessment of orthopedic treatment and orthognathic surgery. 44 young adults (28 men and 16 women, 21 to 27 years of age) were selected from the Dental students in Yonsei Univ. Criteria for selection was normal occlusion, no clinical signs and T.M.J. dysfunction, no history of orthodontic treatment, and no missing tooth. After submental vertex view analysis. each subject was given the T.M.J. Tomogram in centric relation and centric occlusion and the Cephalogram was given with Quint Sectograph. All data was recorded and statistically processed with the CYBER computer system. Results were analyzed: the following findings and conclusions were derived. 1. The mean value for the combined right and left anterior joint space was 2.549mm, the posterior space was 2.260mm, and superior space was 3.31mm in centric relation. The anterior space was 2.316mm, posterior space was 2.474mm, and superior space was 3.435mm in centric occlusion. 2. In the centric relation position, both condyles were placed more posterioly and superioly in their fossae than in the centric occlusion position by the spatial difference. 3. In the centric occlusion position, both condyles were more symmetrically placed in their fossae with equal anterior-posterioly rather than in the centric relation position. 4. The mean articular eminence angle was $48.19^{\circ}$ and the mean fossa height was 7.911mm. A strong positive correlation between the articular eminence angle and fossa height in T.M.J. Tomogram was found. 5. In Cephalometric analysis, there was a strong positive correlation between the articular eminence slope and the lingual surface slope of the upper central incisor to the FH plane, occlusal plane, and S-N plane. 6. There was moderate positive correlation between the S-E measurements and the fossa height, articular eminence angle, and DcGn < F-H.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.37-52
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• 1997

This paper discribes the practical application of stability analysis on the revetment structures, and four different sections of revetment structures are considered in this study. As a result of stability analysis, the the section of inclined revetment with T.T.P. block shows the highest safety factor against to the sliding failure of cap concrete block, while the section of inclined revetment with rubble stone shows the highest safety factor against to the straight and circular sliding failure. And the safety factors are increased by increasing of the rigidity of covered materials and by decreasing of the slope angle. For the safety factor of overturnning and bearing capacity, the section of inclined revetment structures shows higher safety factors than the section of vertical structures, and the safety factors are increased by decreasing of the slope angle and by increasing of the bottom width of the structures.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.101-109
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to analyse types and forms of branch-road in traditional korean villages. To do this, this study has selected and measured 87 branch-road cases of five traditional villages. An analysis of the case study has revealed the following results : 1. Branch-roads have four formations : 3 way, 4 way, multi-way and others. 2. Branch-roads comprise 64 percent of 3 way, 18 percent of 4 way, 8 percent of multi-way and 9 percent of others, respectively. 3. Topographic conditions have mostly affected the formation of branch-roads. 3 way of branch - roads are easily found in flat village. 4 way are multi-way of branch-road are found in semi-hilly and hilly village 4. 3 way of branch-roads have three types: T-type, Y-type, and y-type. 5. T-types are easily found in flat village, but Y-type and y-type are found in semi-hilly and hilly village. 6. Each angle of T-type is 171,99,90, respectively. It has turned out 8 degree is slightly deviated form the square. 7. Y-type of branch-road has an asymmetric form, comprising 145, 128, 87 degree of the angle, compared to 150, 150, 60 degree of symmetric one. 8. Average angles of y-type that are mostly found in hilly village are 175, 113, 72. Angle differences from each spot are 62 and 41 degree. It is assumed that 39 degree is a slope of least effort to walk. 9. 4 way of branch-roads have not only "＋" type but various types of K, Y and Y, Y and y, T and y and a foot of bird. 10. It is assumed that multi-way of branch-roads, mostly found on the middle and bottom of the hilly slope, has naturally formed to connect up and down, left and right.and right.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.334-340
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• 2005

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the nutrient loss and to assess the eutrophication into small stream by intensive rains in the steeped cornfield during cultivation. The crop cultivated was a soiling com (DW5969), and the experimental plots were divided into two parts that were 10 and 18% of slope degrees. The amount of T-N and T-P loss was calculated by analysis of surface run-off water quality, and was investigated the effect of eutrophication to small stream as a part of life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology application. For the surface run-off water quality, EC and T-N values were highest in first runoff event as compared to the other events and maintained the stage state with litter variations at every hour during the runoff period except for EC in the slope 18%. However, T-P concentration has been a transient stage after runoff event of July 27. Total surface run-off ratio was not significantly different with slope degrees, but amount of T-N and T-P losses at 18% of slope were high as $5.96kg\;ha^{-1}\;and\;0.65kg\;ha^{-1}$ as relative to 10% of slope degree, respectively. Furthermore, T-N losses from run-off water in the sloped cornfield 10 and 18% were approximately 9.8 and 12.5% of the N applied as fertilizer when the fertilizer applied at recommended rates after soil test, respectively. For the eutrophication impact to the small stream, it was shown that $PO_4$ equivalence and Eco-indicator value at 18% of slope degree were greater as much $6.11kg\;ha^{-1}$ and 0.81 as compared to the slope angle 10%, respectively. Therefore, it was appeared that each effect of nutrient losses, eutrophication and Eco-indicator value was enhanced according with higher slope degree.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2000

Even manual materials handling tasks(MMHT) is decreasing by adopt of automatic manufacturing system & transportation supporting machine because of increase of productivity, wage lack of labor, safety, in fact working at inclined & complicated slope such as farm, orchard, harbor loading & unloading, logging place and mining place can't be substituted by machine perfectly. So, workers should do MMHT at this place by themselves, lifting on slope can cause much of hazard, include falling. Keeping balance net to slip can be a reason of low back pain(LBP) by overloaded musculoskeletal system but, there's no enough study about lift on slope. Therefore, In this study, we assessed and analyzed change of center of pressure(COP) when lifting on slope by force platform. The result showed that the length lengthen as increasing angle of slope. Especially, the length extremely increased over 15°. Through These basic result, present proper angle boundary, prevent industrial accidents and give proper data not only lifting but also pushing and pulling on slope someday.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 1989

In this study, improvement of accuracy in a plain slope analysis is a main object using the bundle adjustment with changing the convergent angles and the configurations of control points when we can't take convergent case because of poor environment around establishment and cultural assets. From converged photographing using the angle of deviation, it was possible to improve accuracy in a plain slope analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.106-113
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• 2009

In this study, stability of the new gabion system with vegetation base materials was analysed. New gabion system with vegetation base materials is a new approach which has been developed to achieve lope stabilization and revegetation of forest road cut-slope by making the best use of advantages of gabion systems with vegetation base materials. Results from stability analysis are as follows. For the soil density, the angle of internal friction and unit weight of the rock fill was assumed to be $1.90g/cm^3$, $30^{\circ}$ and $2.30t/m^3$, respectively, the slope stability analysis showed that the new gabion system couldn't require any poles to fix it up, and could keep stable during both rainy and dry seasons. As the results of checks against overturning and sliding, the retaining wall with. the new gabion system could produce suitable factors of safety for overturning and sliding. Vegetation established on the surface of the new gabion systems indirectly can help to increase slope stability by prevention of surface erosion. Consequently, the new gabion system with vegetation base materials could achieve the desired effect on slope stabilization as much as existing gab ion system could do, and could promote rapid establishment of vegetation on cut-slopes.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.1476-1484
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to compare the golf performance on transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS). Ten collegiate golfers were participated. SAMPutt basic unit was used to analyze the kinematic data of putter head. A putting platform and a tDCS were used for putting tasks. It was performed paired t-test to compare between before tDCS and after tDCS. A significant level of .05 using SPSS 24.0. Face at aim and backswing variables of putter head were significantly different during flat putting. Impact spot of putter head was significantly different during 2° of hook slope. However, there were not significantly different others slope angle. It was found that transcranial direct current stimulation had a positive effect on kinematic variables. Based on these results, further research is needed to confirm the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on body stability during putting task.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.135-145
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• 2019

The slope collapse can be classified into internal and external factors. Internal factors are engineering factors inherent in the formation of slopes such as soil depth, slope angle, shear strength of soil, and external factors are external loading such as earthquakes. The external factor for earthquake can be expressed by various values such as peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), Arias coefficient (I), natural period (T_p), and spectral acceleration (S_aT=1.0). Specially, PGA is the most typical value that defines the magnitude of the ground motion of an earthquake. However, it is not enough to consider the displacement in the slope which depends on the duration of the earthquake even if the vibration has the same peak ground acceleration. In this study, numerical analysis of two-dimensional plane strain conditions was performed on engineered block, and slope responses due to seismic motion of scaling PGA to 0.2 g various event scenarios was analyzed. As a result, the response of slope is different depending on the presence or absence of sliding block; it is shown that slope response depend on the seismic wave triggering sliding block than the input motion factors.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.118-125
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• 2001

In this study, it was examined the characteristics of bending property of red pine(Pinus densiflora S, et Z.) related to slope of grain. At first, we have investigated the characteristics of wood species for bending property. At second, it was examined the relationships between grain angle and its related bending property. Specimens were made following to grain angle $0^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, respectively. Dimension of wood materials was $10mm(T){\times}20mm(R){\times}350mm(L)$. Microwave irradiation time for bending process was 30, 60, 90, 120 seconds. The result of this study were as follows ; 1. Grain angle of wood was closely related to Young's modulus on bending process. In the process of bending with various grain angle, wood bending was easily proceed on the high grain angle range. 2. However, the strength of bent wood was very weak when the grain angle was high. Therefore, it was considered suitable grain angle for bending was existed. 3. The characteristics of wood properties for wood bending were very different among wood species.