• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.1355-1370
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• 2019

A curve $X{\subset}\mathbb{P}^r$ has maximal rank if for each $t{\in}\mathbb{N}$ the restriction map $H^0(\mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{P}r}(t)){\rightarrow}H^0(\mathcal{O}_X(t))$ is either injective or surjective. We show that for all integers $d{\geq}r+1$ there are maximal rank, but not arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay, smooth curves $X{\subset}\mathbb{P}^r$ with degree d and genus roughly $d^2/2r$, contrary to the case r = 3, where it was proved that their genus growths at most like $d^{3/2}$ (A. Dolcetti). Nevertheless there is a sector of large genera g, roughly between $d^2/(2r+2)$ and $d^2/2r$, where we prove the existence of smooth curves (even aCM ones) with degree d and genus g, but the only integral and non-degenerate maximal rank curves with degree d and arithmetic genus g are the aCM ones. For some (d, g, r) with high g we prove the existence of reducible non-degenerate maximal rank and non aCM curves $X{\subset}\mathbb{P}^r$ with degree d and arithmetic genus g, while (d, g, r) is not realized by non-degenerate maximal rank and non aCM integral curves.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.150-158
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• 2011

Present study aims to investigate the influence of relative breakwater width W/L (W=width of breakwater, L=wavelength), wave steepness $H_i/gT^2$ (Hi=incident wave height, T=wave period) and relative wave height d/W (d=water depth) on forces in the moorings of horizontal interlaced multi-layered moored floating pipe breakwater (HIMMFPB) model. Studies were conducted on scaled down physical models having three layers of Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) pipes, wave steepness $H_i/gT^2$ varying from 0.063 to 0.849, relative width W/L varying from 0.4 to 2.65 and relative spacing S/D=2 (S=horizontal centre-to-centre spacing of pipes, D=diameter of pipes). Peak mooring forces were also measured and data collected is analyzed by plotting non-dimensional graphs depicting variation of $f_s/{\gamma}W^2$ ($f_s$=Sea side Mooring force, ${\gamma}$=specific weight of water) & $f_l/{\gamma}W^2$ ($f_l$=Lee side Mooring force) with $H_i/gT^2$ for d/W varying from 0.082 to 0.276 and also variation of $f_s/{\gamma}W^2$ and $f_l/{\gamma}W^2$ with W/L for $H_i$/d varying from 0.06 to 0.400.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.125-134
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• 2015

Acute graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) is characterized by selective damage to the liver, the skin, and the gastrointestinal tract. Following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, donor bone marrow (BM) cells repopulate the immune system of the recipient. We previously demonstrated that the acute intestinal GVHD (iGVHD) mortality rate was higher in MyD88-deficient BM recipients than that in the control BM recipients. In the present study, the role of MyD88 (expressed by donor BM) in the pathophysiology of hepatic GVHD (hGVHD) was examined. Unlike iGVHD, transplantation with MyD88-deficient T-cell depleted (TCD) BM attenuated hGVHD severity and was associated with low infiltration of T cells into the liver of the recipients. Moreover, GVHD hosts, transplanted with MyD88-deficient TCD BM, exhibited markedly reduced expansion of $CD11b^+Gr-1^+$ myeloidderived suppressor cells (MDSC) in the liver. Adoptive injection of the MDSC from wild type mice, but not MyD88-deficient mice, enhanced hepatic T cell infiltration in the MyD88-deficient TCD BM recipients. Pre-treatment of BM donors with LPS increased MDSC levels in the liver of allogeneic wild type BM recipients. In conclusion, hGVHD and iGVHD may occur through various mechanisms based on the presence of MyD88 in the non-T cell compartment of the allograft.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.317-323
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• 2011

Strain A-3, an amylase-producing bacteria, was isolated from coastal seawater near Daecheon in the Republic of Korea. It was seen to possess a single polar flagella and grow well, on ASW-YP agar plates, at temperatures of between $20-37^{\circ}C$. However, it grew more slowly at the temperatures of $15^{\circ}C$ and $40^{\circ}C$. Similarly, it was observed to grow abundantly, in an Artificial Sea Water-Yeast extract-Peptone (ASW-YP) liquid medium, in a pH range of 6-9, but not grow at pHs of 4-5 and a pH of 10. Strain A-3 was noted as being close to Pseudoalteromonas phenolica O-$BC30^T$, Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea $NCIMB1893^T$, Pseudoalteromonas rubra $ATCC29570^T$, and Pseudoalteromonas byunsanensis $FR1199^T$, with 98.30%, 97.86%, 97.78%, and 97.25% similarities respectively, in its 16S rRNA sequence. A phylogenetic tree revealed that strain A-3 and P. phenolica O-$BC30^T$ belong to a clade. However, strain A-3 differed from P. phenolica O-$BC30^T$ in relation to a number of physiological characteristics. Strain A-3 exhibited no growth above 5% NaCl concentrations, no utilization of D-glucose, D-mannose, D-maltose, or D-melibose, and no lipase (C-14) activity. All of these properties strongly indicate that strain A-3 is distant from P. phenolica O-$BC30^T$ and thus led us to name it Pseudoalteromonas sp. A-3. Pseudoalteromonas sp. A-3 produces ${\alpha}$-amylase throughout growth. Maximal amylase activities of 144.48 U/mL and 149.20 U/mL were seen at pH 7.0 and $37^{\circ}C$, respectively. Pseudoalteromonas sp. A-3's high, stable production of ${\alpha}$-amylase in addition to its biochemical features, such as alkalitolerance, suggest that it is a good candidate for industrial applications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2002.07b
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• pp.764-768
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• 2002

Characteristics of ohmic Co/Si/Co contacts to n-type 4H-SiC are investigated systematically. The ohmic contacts were formed by annealing Co/Si/Co sputtered sequentially. The annealings were performed at $800^{\circ}C$ using RTP in vacuum ambient and $Ar:H_2$(9:1) ambient, respectively. The specific contact resistivity$(\rho_c)$, sheet resistance$(R_s)$, contact resistance$(R_c)$, transfer length$(L_T)$ were calculated from resistance$(R_T)$ versus contact spacing(d) measurements obtained from TLM(transmission line method) structure. While the resulting measurement values of sample annealed at vacuum ambient were $\rho_c=1.0{\tiimes}10^{-5}{\Omega}cm^2$, $R_c=20{\Omega}$ and $L_T$ = 6.0 those of sample annealed at $Ar:H_2$(9:1) ambient were $\rho_c=4.0{\tiimes}10^{-6}{\Omega}cm^2$, $R_c=4.0{\Omega}$ and $L_T$ = 2.0. The physical properties of contacts were examined using XRD and AES. The results showed that cobalt silicide was formed on SiC and Co was migrated into SiC.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.1090-1091
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• 2005

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.85-88
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• 2000

The temperature dependent Josephson critical current $J_c(T)/J_c(0)$ between high $T_c$ superconductors along the a-axis is theoretically studied. The interface influence on the wave functions of quasi-particles is included in the theory within the framework of the two-dimensional t-J model. It is found that the experimental results can be satisfactorily explained by the present model with d wave pairing symmetry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.364-364
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• 2010

Defects existing on the clean Si(5 5 12)-$2{\times}1$, composed of one-dimensional(1-D) structures such as honeycomb (H) chain, $\pi$-bonded ($\pi$) chains, dimer-adatom (D-A) row, and tetramer (T) row, have been investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). It is found that the defects can be classified to two categories: One is originated from phase boundaries in D-A and T rows having $2{\times}$ periodicities, by which buckling directions are reversed, and the other is caused by missing atoms on $\pi$ chains, D-A rows, and T rows. All these defects are symmetric with respect to the [6 6 $\bar{5}$] direction, which is due to one-dimensional symmetry along the [1 $\bar{1}$ 0] direction. Especially it is worth noticing that on H chains none of such defects exist, which implies that the H chain is energetically the most stable among 1-D structures existing on Si(5 5 12)-$2{\times}1$.

• Journal of Oriental Medical Thermology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2002

Cold hypersensitivity is excessive sensitivity of each body part, particularly limbs and low backs, but sometimes it affects upper abdomen region in G-I trouble patients. We conducted this research on 69 patients who came and took the both exam of gastroscopy and D.I.T.I. in Kangnam korean hospital Kyung Hee university. So, we researched the significance of temperature deviations on upper abdomen which was studied separately by gastritis group, digestive function group and H. pylori group. The result was : 1. The temperature deviation of Zhongwan(Ren12)-Danzhong(Ren17) of gastritis group was significant, it means that patients with severe gastritis have more significant cold hypersensitivity in upper abdomen than the patients who has not gastritis(p<0.005). 2. The temperature deviation of Zhongwan(Ren12)-Danzhong(Ren17) of indigestive patients in digestive function group was significant(p<0.05) 3. The temperature deviation of Zhongwan(Ren12)-Danzhong(Ren17) of H.pylori positive patients in H.pylori group was not significant. 4. The clinical relationship or tendency was not found both between H.pylori group and gastritis group and between H.pylori group and digestive function group.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.191-192
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• 2007