• 제목/요약/키워드: T-sugar

검색결과 460건 처리시간 0.028초

타가토스와 에리스리톨로 제조한 다쿠아즈의 물리화학적 특성 연구 (Physicochemical properties of dacquoise made with sugar or sugar replacements, tagatose, and erythritol)

  • 이나라;강선아;김지현;김하형;이정아;박선민
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제60권1호
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    • pp.87-93
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    • 2017
  • 우리나라의 경우 서구화된 식생활과 식습관으로 인하여 케이크류, 비스킷류 등의 다양한 서양식 제과를 접하게 되었다. 하지만 제과의 특성상 주재료인 설탕을 넣어 제조하고 열량과 당지수가 높아져 당뇨병환자들에게는 제한 될 수 밖에 없다. 그래서 본 연구에서는 설탕을 타가토스와 에리스리톨로 대체한 다쿠아즈를 제조하여, 물리화학적인 특성과 관능평가를 통하여 열량과 당지수가 높은 제과의 단점을 보완하고자 하였다. 실험 결과 비중의 경우 TE가 가장 높은 값을 나타내었으나 군들간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으므로, 다쿠아즈 제조 시 부피(품질)에 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 보였다. 퍼짐성에서는 비중의 결과와 유사하였고, 손실률에서는 S가 가장 높은 값을 나타내었는데, 설탕의 함량이 높을수록 높은 손실률을 나타내었다. 색도의 경우 명도와 황색도 값은 S가 가장 높았고, 적색도 값은 타가토스가 첨가 되었던 TS와 T가 높았다. 당도의 경우 S가 가장 높았고 TE가 가장 낮았으며, T는 S와 TE사이 값을 나타내었고, 열량에서는 당도 결과와 유사한 양상을 보였다. 마지막으로 관능평가에서 T가 향미와 조직감을 제외한 모든 평가에서 S와 유사한 결과를 나타내었으며, TE가 가장 낮은 평가를 받은 것으로 나타났다. 대체감미료를 사용하여 제조한 다쿠아즈의 물리적 특성 실험 결과, 에리스리톨 함유 다쿠아즈(TE)는 손실률과 열량에서 가장 좋은 결과 값을 나타내었으나 관능평가에서 전체적으로 낮은 평가를 받았고, 38.3 % 타가토스를 함유 다쿠아즈(TS)는 손실률과 열량이 낮고, 관능평가에서 TE보다 높은 점수를 받았다. 13.4 % 타가토스로 제조한 다쿠아즈(T)는 설탕으로 제조한 다쿠아즈(S)와 물리적 특성 실험결과와 관능평가 결과가 유사했는데, 이는 유사한 설탕함량으로 인한 결과로 사료된다. 본 연구에서는 혈당 변화 실험은 하지 않았지만, 선행 연구에서 타가토스를 사용하여 초콜릿을 제조 하였을 때, 설탕을 사용한 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 혈당 상승을 억제시키는 효과가 있었으므로, 다쿠아즈도 같은 경향을 나타낼 것으로 사료된다. 다쿠아즈는 탄수화물에서 밀가루의 비중이 적고 설탕이 대부분이므로, 설탕을 타가토스로 대체하여 제조한 다쿠아즈(TS)는 당뇨병환자의 간식으로 제공될 수 있다. 또한 혈당 상승 억제 효과가 뛰어나고 당지수가 낮은 타가토스로 제조한 다쿠아즈를 제품화할 경우, 당뇨병환자뿐만 아니라 비만이거나 혈당조절이 필요한 환자의 간식으로 적절하므로, 혈당 조절과 체중증가 억제 효과가 있는 다쿠아즈를 섭취할 수 있는 기회를 제공할 것으로 사료된다.

Empirical Evaluation of Cellulase on Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Waste Office Paper

  • Park, Enoch Y.;Ikeda, Yuko;Okuda, Naoyuki
    • Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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    • 제7권5호
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    • pp.268-274
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    • 2002
  • Enzymatic hydrolysis of waste office paper was evaluated using three commercial cellulases, Acremonium cellulase, Meicelase, and Cellulosin T2. Varying the enzyme loading from 1 to 10% (w/w) conversion of waste office paper to reducing sugar was investigated. The conversion increased with the increase in the enzyme loading: in the case of enzyme loading of 10% (w/w), Acremonium cellulase yielded 79%conversion of waste office paper, which was 17% higher compared to Meicelase, 13% higher than that of Cellulosin T2. Empirical model for the conversion (%) of waste office paper to re-ducing sugar (x) was derived from experimental results as follow, x = $kE^{m}t^{(aE+b)}$ where k, m, a, and b de-note empirical constants. E indicates initial enzyme concentration.

High School Students' Sugar Intake Behaviors and Consumption of Sugary Processed Food Based on the Level of Sugar-related Nutrition Knowledge in Seoul Area

  • Joo, Nami;Kim, Shin-Kyum;Yoon, Ji-young
    • 대한지역사회영양학회지
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2017
  • Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate high school students' sugar intake behaviors, the status of consuming sugary processed foods, the awareness of sugar, and the experience and interest in sugar-related education based on the level of sugar-related nutrition knowledge. Methods: In this study, five high schools were selected in Seoul, Korea, and a survey was conducted in 400 students on the level of sugar-related nutrition knowledge and sugar intake status. A total of 349 questionnaires were used for the final analysis. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics was performed; a t-test, ${\chi}^2$ test, and Friedman test were used for comparative analysis. Results: The study results showed a positive association between the knowledge level of sugar and the appropriate sugar intake behavior and sugary food choices. The group with more nutrition knowledge on sugar was found to have good eating habits and to eat less sugary food. The main sources of sugar were beverages, confectionary, and bakery goods in the corresponding order, irrespective of the level of nutrition knowledge related to sugar. A significant difference was found in the groups' awareness of the sugar content of the drinks with 89.4% for the higher-knowledge group, and only 81.5% for the lower-knowledge group (p < 0.05). Results also showed that 43.9% of the higher-knowledge group and 36.4% of the lower knowledge group were interested in participating in education on sugar. Conclusions: This study result indicated the need to help adolescents to avoid excessive sugar intake from only certain favorite foods. Therefore, it is necessary to seek a systematic foundation for participatory education in order for them to maintain a low sugar intake in daily life and lead healthy eating habits by increasing their level of sugar-related information and knowledge.

Effects of Mixed Application of Chemical Fertilizer and Liquid Swine Manure on Agronomic Characteristics, Yield and Feed Value of Corn Hybrid for Silage in Paddy Field Cultivation

  • Lee, Sang Moo
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제32권4호
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    • pp.369-378
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    • 2012
  • This study was performed out to investigate the influence of the mixed application of chemical fertilizer (CF) and liquid swine manure (LSM) on the growth characteristics, dry matter yield, amino acids, minerals, and free sugars in cultivating silage corn on paddy soils. The field experiment was designed in a randomized block design of 3 repetitions with CF 100% treatment (C), CF 70% + LSM 30% treatment (T1), CF 50% + LSM 50% treatment (T2), CF 30% + LSM 70% treatment (T3), and LSM 100% treatment (T4). At this time, the application of LSM was based solely on the nitrogen. Ear length, ear circle, stem diameter, and stem hardness of the silage corn did not show significant differences between treatments. Fresh yield, dry matter yield and TDN yield were highest in T3, whereas the lowest in C treatment (p<0.05). Crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash content were significantly higher in T1, C, and T4 treatment, respectively (p<0.05). However, NDF, ADF and crude fiber content did not show significant difference between treatments. The total mineral content decreased significantly (p<0.05) as the LSM application rate increased. Total composition amino acid content was higher in the order of T1 > T2 > C > T4 > T3 treatment (p<0.05). Free sugar content was higher in the order of T1 > T3 > T4 > T2 > C treatment (p<0.05). Based on the above results, suggests that the mixed application of chemical fertilizer 30~50% and LSM 50~70% (T2 and T3) is the most effective, considering the yield performance and the content of sugar degree and free sugar affecting silage.

혈당검사 방법 별 지각된 통증정도에 대한 비교 - 시각적 상사 척도 이용 - (A Comparison on the Level of Pain Related to Methods of Blood Sugar test using VAS)

  • 최자윤;장금성;김현오;최옥엽;박민희
    • 성인간호학회지
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.14-21
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    • 2003
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the level of pain related to a blood sugar test. Specifically, the study attempts to compare the varying degree of pains when different types of blood sugar test are used. Method: A sample of 56 subjects is composed of DM patients admitted to a medical ward of C university hospital in Gwangju. Data were collected from July, 2001 to December, 2001. The blood sugar tests were administered in four different ways: (1) the use of 27G needle only, (2) the use of 27G needle followed by ice-packed treatment, (3) the use of 27G needle after EMLA cream application, and (4) the use of lancet. The degree of pain is measured with a visual analogue scale and performed twice. Result: In both measures, the use of 27G needle only method is shown to cause the highest level of pain in comparison with the rest of methods (F=4.01, p=.01; F=8.14, p=.00). However, the differences in pain between time in all methods were not found to be significant (t=-.85, p=.40; t=.80, p=.42; t=.31, p=.75; t=.19, p=.85). Conclusion: The study results indicate that the method using lanceter is more recommendable than the use of 27G needle only method. Further research is needed to support the current study result with the use of different measurement scales and to determine effective methods of blood sugar test to lower pain and compliance.

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김치의 저장성에 미치는 발효성당의 영향과 Shelf-Life예측 모델 (Effects of Fermentable sugar on Storage Stability and Modeling Prediction of Shelf-Life in Kimchi)

  • 유형근;김기현;윤선
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.107-110
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    • 1992
  • 배추에서 발효성당을 0%, 30%, 58% 그리고 74% 제거한 후 김치를 제조하여, 초기당함량에 따른 산생성량을 알아보았으며 유통기간을 예측할 수 있는 식을 유도하였다. 김치의 적숙기에서의 산도인 0.75%를 김치에서 생성되는 데 소요되는 기간(T)을 보면 초기당함량(So)이 2.30%, 0.97%, 0.60%인 김치에서 각각 2일, 7일, 12일이었다. 이 관계를 T=-16.82 LogSo +7.66으로 표현하였다. 또한 배추에서 80%까지 발효성당을 제거할 경우 김치에서 최대 0.8% 정도의 산을 생성하므로써 본 연구에서의 유통기간 설정기준인 총산도 생성량으로 $25^{\circ}C$에서 30일 이상 보존 가능하였으나 관능적으로는 다소 우수하지 못하였다.

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냉동변성방지제 조건에 따른 닭가슴살 수리미의 저장특성 (Effect of Cryoprotectants on Quality Properties of Chicken Breast Surimi Manufactured by pH Adjustment)

  • 진상근;김일석;최영준;박구부;양한술;김병균
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제50권1호
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    • pp.99-110
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    • 2008
  • pH 조절법을 활용하여 닭가슴살을 이용한 수리미 제조 시 냉동변성방지제의 첨가 수준의 차이가 닭가슴살 수리미의 냉동 저장 중 수리미의 저장 특성에 미치는 효과에 대해 알아보고자, 대조구(Alaska pollack에 수세법을 활용하여 냉동변성방지제인 4% sugar, 5 % sorbitol 및 0.3% polyphosphate를 첨가)와, 닭가슴살을 이용하여 pH 조절법으로 제조된 처리구(T1: 5% sorbitol and 0.3% polyphosphate, T2: 4% sugar, 5% sorbitol and 0.3% polyphosphate, and T3: 2% salt, 4% sugar, 5% sorbitol and 0.3% poly- phosphate) 들로 나눠 실험에 공시하였다. 아미노산 조성에서 대조구가 처리구들보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 또한 대조구는 저장기간이 증가할수록 아미노산 조성별 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 처리구들은 저장 30일째 아미노산 함량이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 지방산 조성의 경우, 대조구가 처리구에 비해 myristic acid, palmitic acid 및 palmitoleic acid 등이 높게 나타났으며, oleic acid, linoleic acid 및 arachidonic acid 함량은 낮게 나타났다(P<0.05). 그러나 대조구는 저장기간에 따른 함량의 변화가 없는 반면, 포화지방산 함량은 T2 및 T3에서 저장기간이 증가할수록 감소하였으며, 불포화지방산 함량은 증가하였다. 지방산패도는 모든 처리구에서 15일째까지는 감소하다가 저장 30일째에는 증가하였다. 처리 간에는 저장 30일째에 대조구와 T2에서 높게 나타났으며, T1 및 T3에서 낮은 지방산패도를 나타내었다(P<0.05). 특히 대조구 및 T2에서 높은 지방산패도를 나타내었다. 휘발성염기태질소화합물(VBN)의 경우, T1 및 T3는 저장기간이 증가할수록 높은 값을 보였으나, T2는 저장기간별 차이를 나타내지 않았으며, 대조구는 오히려 감소하여 저장 30일째에는 가장 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 특히 닭가슴살을 활용한 처리구들에 비해 대조구가 월등히 높은 VBN값을 나타내었다. 수분활성도의 경우 다른 처리구에 비해 대조구는 저장기간별 수분활성도에 차이를 보였으며, 처리 간에는 T1 및 T2가 대조구와 T3에 비해 저장 0일째에 높은 값을 나타내었다.총세균수는 모든 처리구에서 저장 15일째까지는 증가하다가 저장 30일째에는 감소하였으며, 처리 간에는 T1이 모든 저장기간에서 유의적으로 높은 총균수를 나타내었다. 살모넬라균의 경우 대조구는 저장기간이 증가할수록 감소하였으나, 처리구들은 저장 15일째까지는 증가하다가 30일째에는 감소하는 것으로 나타나 총균수와 유사한 경향을 보였다. 처리 간에는 대조구에 비해 T1 및 T2가 높은 균수를 나타내었다. 락토바실러스균은 저장 0일째에 T3에서 높은 값을 나타내었으나, 저장 15일 및 30일째 모든 처리구에서 검출되지 않았다. 또한 관능평가 결과, 색을 포함한 모든 관능평가 항목에서 대조구와 T3에서 T1과 T2에 비해 높은 선호도를 보였다. 또한 처리구별 비교 시 소금과 설탕을 첨가하지 않은 T1에 비해 첨가량이 증가할수록 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면, 처리구들에 비해 대조구가 아미노산 및 포화지방산 함량은 높게 나타났으며, 낮은 미생물 수를 나타내었다. 그러나 지방산패도 및 VBN 값은 높게 나타나 대조구의 저장성에 나쁜 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단된다. 또한 2% 소금 및 4% 설탕을 첨가한 T3에서 T1과 T2에 비해 높은 선호도를 보여 냉동변성방지제의 첨가가 수리미의 관능특성을 개선시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Effect of Plant Density on Growth and Sugar Yield of Sweet Sorghum in Jeju Island

  • Oh, Hyeon-Do;Kim, Han-Lim;Kang, Young-Kil;Kim, Chan-Woo
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제46권1호
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    • pp.29-34
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    • 2001
  • A sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] cultivar was planted on 9 and 30 June 2000 at plant densities of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 plants $m^{-2}$ to determine the optimum plant density in Jeju region. There were no significant planting date x plant density interactions for most traits measured. Delaying planting from 9 to 30 June delayed 21 days in heading date, and significantly decreased plant height, the number of productive stems $m^{-2}$/, and lodging. Fresh stem yield tended to be higher at the 9 June planting date than at the 30 June planting date, but total sugar and ethanol yields were not significantly affected by planting date. Percentage of soluble solid was higher at the 30 June planting date compared with the 9 June planting date. Fresh stem, total sugar, and ethanol yields quadractically increased from 22.9 to 36.7 $t^{-1}$, from 1.66 to 2.54 $t^{-1}$, and from 945 to 1440 $L^{-1}$, respectively, with increasing plant density. The optimal plant densities for the maximum fresh stem, total sugar, and ethanol were estimated to be 10.7, 9.6, and 9.9 plants $m^{-2}$ respectively.

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배의 성숙 중 유리당과 유리아미노산 함량 변화 (Variation of free Sugar and Amino Acid Contents of Pears During the Ripening Period)

  • 최옥자;박혜령;조성효
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.250-254
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    • 1998
  • A variation of free sugar and amino acid contents of pears during the ripening period was determined by HPLC and amino acid analyzer. The research results are as follws: Fructose, glucose and sucrose were present in the pears. The contents of fructose was the highest, followed by glucose and sucrose in order. The contents of total sugar in Shingo and Youngsan was similar, but the contents of frucose in Shingo was lower and the contents of sucrose was higher than that of Youngsan (p<.001). During the ripening period, the contents of fructose and glucose gradually increased during the harvesting season and then somewhat decreased. The contents of sucrose increased continually, while the contents of total free sugar reached the maximum during the harvesting season, it was 10.41%, 10.29% in Shingo and Youngsan and then decreased gradually. The contents of total free amino acid in Shingo was higher than that of Youngsan. A variation ratio and the composition of amino acid in Shingo and Youngsan during the ripening period didn't make a significant difference. The major free amino acid of the pears was in the order of aspartic acid, serine, threonine, histidine, glutamic acid, valine, arginine, and alanine. During the ripening period, aspartic acid, threonin, serine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, histidine, and Iysine increased gradually. Glutamic acid, alanine, valine, arginine didn't show much change. The contents of total free amino acid increased during the ripening period.

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황색종 담배의 재배방법이 엽중 화학성분에 미치는 영향 (Influences of Cultural Practices on Chemical Composition in Flue - cured Tobacco Leaves.)

  • 반유선;이중호
    • 한국연초학회지
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.27-35
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    • 1991
  • These studies were conducted to investigate the changes of starch, sugar and nicotine content in relation to maturity and cultural conditions and correlation between growth characteristics and chemical components in order to improve the leaf quality. The results were summarized as follows; 1. Nicotine content, total nitrogen content and the ratio of total nitrogen to nicotine of the green leaf were increased with heavier fertilizer, wider planting space and lower topping, whereas starch, total sugar and the ratio of sugar to nicotine were decreased. 2. Starch content, sugar content and the ratio of total sugar to nicotine(T-S/Nic) in the cured leaf were decreased with milder planting space, less application of MH and delaying harvesting date. 3. It was estimated that 58.1% of starch of the harvested leaf was converted into sugar of the cured leaf, and also they were significantly correlated each other.

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