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냉동변성방지제 조건에 따른 닭가슴살 수리미의 저장특성

Effect of Cryoprotectants on Quality Properties of Chicken Breast Surimi Manufactured by pH Adjustment

  • 진상근 (진주산업대학교 동물소재공학과) ;
  • 김일석 (진주산업대학교 동물소재공학과) ;
  • 최영준 (경상대학교 해양생물이용학부) ;
  • 박구부 (경상대학교 축산학전공) ;
  • 양한술 (경상대학교 축산학전공) ;
  • 김병균 (한성식품(주))
  • Jin, S.K. (Department of Animal Resources Technology, Jinju National University) ;
  • Kim, I.S. (Department of Animal Resources Technology, Jinju National University) ;
  • Choi, Y.J. (Bioscience and Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Park, G.B. (Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Yang, H.S. (Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, B.G. (Hansung Foods Co., Ltd.)
  • 발행 : 2008.02.01

초록

pH 조절법을 활용하여 닭가슴살을 이용한 수리미 제조 시 냉동변성방지제의 첨가 수준의 차이가 닭가슴살 수리미의 냉동 저장 중 수리미의 저장 특성에 미치는 효과에 대해 알아보고자, 대조구(Alaska pollack에 수세법을 활용하여 냉동변성방지제인 4% sugar, 5 % sorbitol 및 0.3% polyphosphate를 첨가)와, 닭가슴살을 이용하여 pH 조절법으로 제조된 처리구(T1: 5% sorbitol and 0.3% polyphosphate, T2: 4% sugar, 5% sorbitol and 0.3% polyphosphate, and T3: 2% salt, 4% sugar, 5% sorbitol and 0.3% poly- phosphate) 들로 나눠 실험에 공시하였다. 아미노산 조성에서 대조구가 처리구들보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 또한 대조구는 저장기간이 증가할수록 아미노산 조성별 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 처리구들은 저장 30일째 아미노산 함량이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 지방산 조성의 경우, 대조구가 처리구에 비해 myristic acid, palmitic acid 및 palmitoleic acid 등이 높게 나타났으며, oleic acid, linoleic acid 및 arachidonic acid 함량은 낮게 나타났다(P<0.05). 그러나 대조구는 저장기간에 따른 함량의 변화가 없는 반면, 포화지방산 함량은 T2 및 T3에서 저장기간이 증가할수록 감소하였으며, 불포화지방산 함량은 증가하였다. 지방산패도는 모든 처리구에서 15일째까지는 감소하다가 저장 30일째에는 증가하였다. 처리 간에는 저장 30일째에 대조구와 T2에서 높게 나타났으며, T1 및 T3에서 낮은 지방산패도를 나타내었다(P<0.05). 특히 대조구 및 T2에서 높은 지방산패도를 나타내었다. 휘발성염기태질소화합물(VBN)의 경우, T1 및 T3는 저장기간이 증가할수록 높은 값을 보였으나, T2는 저장기간별 차이를 나타내지 않았으며, 대조구는 오히려 감소하여 저장 30일째에는 가장 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 특히 닭가슴살을 활용한 처리구들에 비해 대조구가 월등히 높은 VBN값을 나타내었다. 수분활성도의 경우 다른 처리구에 비해 대조구는 저장기간별 수분활성도에 차이를 보였으며, 처리 간에는 T1 및 T2가 대조구와 T3에 비해 저장 0일째에 높은 값을 나타내었다.총세균수는 모든 처리구에서 저장 15일째까지는 증가하다가 저장 30일째에는 감소하였으며, 처리 간에는 T1이 모든 저장기간에서 유의적으로 높은 총균수를 나타내었다. 살모넬라균의 경우 대조구는 저장기간이 증가할수록 감소하였으나, 처리구들은 저장 15일째까지는 증가하다가 30일째에는 감소하는 것으로 나타나 총균수와 유사한 경향을 보였다. 처리 간에는 대조구에 비해 T1 및 T2가 높은 균수를 나타내었다. 락토바실러스균은 저장 0일째에 T3에서 높은 값을 나타내었으나, 저장 15일 및 30일째 모든 처리구에서 검출되지 않았다. 또한 관능평가 결과, 색을 포함한 모든 관능평가 항목에서 대조구와 T3에서 T1과 T2에 비해 높은 선호도를 보였다. 또한 처리구별 비교 시 소금과 설탕을 첨가하지 않은 T1에 비해 첨가량이 증가할수록 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면, 처리구들에 비해 대조구가 아미노산 및 포화지방산 함량은 높게 나타났으며, 낮은 미생물 수를 나타내었다. 그러나 지방산패도 및 VBN 값은 높게 나타나 대조구의 저장성에 나쁜 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단된다. 또한 2% 소금 및 4% 설탕을 첨가한 T3에서 T1과 T2에 비해 높은 선호도를 보여 냉동변성방지제의 첨가가 수리미의 관능특성을 개선시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of pH adjustment and the addition of cryoprotectants on the storage properties of chicken breast surimi. Surimi as a control was prepared with Alaska pollack by two times of washing treatment and addition of cryoprotectants(4% sugar, 5% sorbitol and 0.3% polyphosphate). Three types of surimi were manufactured by different cryoprotectant conditions(T1: 5% sorbitol+0.3% polyphosphate, T2: 4% sugar+5% sorbitol+0.3% polyphosphate, T3: 2% salt+4% sugar+5% sorbitol+0.3% polyphosphate) and frozen after adjusting the surimi to pH 11.0. The amino acid and saturated fatty acid composition were significantly higher in the control. EAA(essential amino acid), FAA(amino acid in relation to flavor), SAAA(amino acid in relation to saccarinity) and FRAA (fragrant amino acid) were significantly higher in the control. The TBARS(thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) and VBN(volatile basic nitrogen) were increased with storage times. TBARS and VBN values were significantly higher in the control and T3 than the other treatments. The VBN was significantly higher in control and T3 than other surimi samples. Chicken breast surimi adjusted to pH 11.0 had higher in microorganisms than the control, and T1 sample had the highest total plate count. Sensory evaluations were significantly higher in the control and T3 than the other samples. Especially, the overall acceptability of T3 was similar to the control.

키워드

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